磁场对铁在含亚硝酸根的氯化钠溶液中不同电位下极化电流的影响

采用动电位扫描极化曲线、恒电位极化和电化学阻抗谱研究了磁场对铁在含亚硝酸钠的氯化钠溶液中电化学行为的影响。结果表明:外加0.4T磁场使得自腐蚀电位下电化学阻抗谱中容抗弧半径变小;外加磁场导致阳极极化曲线在初期出现阴极电流,并在钝化区内降低外测电流密度;外加磁场增加高电位极化下的阳极电流密度。     

不同组织X80钢在高pH土壤模拟溶液中的点蚀电化学行为

将水淬、空冷方式热处理的X80钢与供货状态(原始组织)X80钢相比较,用动电位极化曲线和动电位交流阻抗谱研究不同组织X80钢在0.5 mol/L Na_2CO_3+1 mol/L NaHCO_3高pH值土壤模拟溶液中的点蚀电化学行为。结果表明,水淬热处理后的X80钢更易钝化,点蚀敏感性低,但维钝电流较其他两种组织的都大;三种组织的X80钢极化电阻和电极表面状态常数n值随电位的变化规律基本一致,但水淬组织的n值在不同电位区间分别高于或低于其他两种组织;这些电化学行为的差异与不同组织试样表面钝化膜的非均匀性和致密程度有关;动电位极化法和动电位电化学阻抗谱法所得结论一致,腐蚀电流密度随电位的变化及电极极化电阻随电位变化都可用来反映电极的点蚀行为。     

HCO_3~-对J55钢在1%NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

用动电位极化曲线、扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学阻抗谱技术(EIS)研究了HCO3-对J55钢在1%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,HCO3-浓度越大阳极反应速率越小.当HCO3-浓度高于0.060 mol/L时HCO3-呈现出钝化特征.随着NaCl溶液中HCO3-量的增加,Rt增大,腐蚀速度减小.J55钢在含NaHCO3为374 mg/L的溶液中腐蚀的电化学阻抗谱中出现了感抗,在含NaHCO3为30 g/L的溶液中腐蚀的的电化学阻抗谱出现了Warburg阻抗,在含NaHCO3为1、5和8.4g/L的溶液中腐蚀的电化学阻抗谱仅出现单容抗弧特征.随着HCO3-浓度的增大阴极反应速率越来越大.极化电位为-0.9 V附近,随着极化电位的增大极化电流出现了突增.     

模拟酸雨淋溶下黄壤中锌的腐蚀行为研究

用极化曲线法和电化学阻抗法,研究了模拟酸雨淋溶下黄壤中锌的腐蚀行为。结果表明:模拟酸雨对黄壤土中锌的腐蚀影响显著,锌的腐蚀速率随着淋溶模拟酸雨pH值的减小而增加;随着腐蚀时间的延长,黄壤土中锌的腐蚀速率增大;锌在腐蚀初期的电化学阻抗谱表现为单容抗弧,随着淋入模拟酸雨量的增加,其电化学阻抗谱表现为双容抗弧,锌的腐蚀过程受活化极化控制。     

厌氧微生物对紫铜腐蚀行为的影响

采用开路电位、电化学极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了紫铜在海洋厌氧菌影响下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,扫描电子显微镜SEM形貌分析结果表明在紫铜上附着的SRB海洋微生物呈微弯杆状,材料表面形成较致密的半透明的生物细菌膜。电化学测试结果表明,紫铜在SRB细菌培养基海水中的腐蚀过程主要受活化极化控制,SRB微生物的存在导致紫铜的开路电位和活化极化率变小,从而加速了紫铜的腐蚀进程。     

电弧喷涂Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为(英文)

采用电弧喷涂方法在低碳钢表面获得高铝含量的Al-Zn-Si-RE涂层。通过测量Al-Zn-Si-RE涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线,腐蚀电位-时间曲线和电化学阻抗谱,系统地研究涂层的电化学腐蚀行为。通过将测量电化学阻抗谱拟合成等效电路图,研究涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间的阻抗行为。结果表明:Al-Zn-Si-RE涂层与Zn-15Al涂层具有相似的极化行为,阳极极化曲线均无钝化特征,仅呈现出活性溶解,但其腐蚀性能优于Zn-15Al涂层。Al-Zn-Si-RE涂层可以给钢基体提供有效的牺牲阳极保护作用,且牺牲阳极保护作用在涂层腐蚀过程中占主导地位。此外,腐蚀电位-时间曲线和电化学阻抗谱结果表明:在浸泡过程中存在点蚀-溶解-再沉积、活化溶解、阴极保护、腐蚀产物引起的物理屏蔽和涂层失效五个腐蚀阶段。     

pH对316L不锈钢电化学性能的影响

采用动电位极化、电化学阻抗谱和Mott-Schottky曲线研究了316L不锈钢在硫酸溶液和氢氧化钠溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明,316L不锈钢在硫酸溶液和氢氧化钠溶液中钝化区间分别为0.1～0.9V和-0.25～0.7V;316L不锈钢在氢氧化钠溶液中的阻抗模值较大。随扫描电位正移,硫酸溶液与氢氧化钠溶液中的动电位电化学阻抗谱变化趋势差异明显;0.1V条件下形成钝化膜的Mott-Schottky曲线证明钝化膜由p型和n型两种氧化物组成。     

表面粗糙度对304不锈钢早期点蚀行为影响的电化学方法

采用动电位扫描、电化学阻抗谱和电化学噪声等方法研究了4种不同表面粗糙度304不锈钢电极在质量分数为3％的NaCl溶液中的早期腐蚀行为.随着不锈钢电极表面粗糙度的下降,304不锈钢自腐蚀电位与点蚀电位均有所上升;电荷转移电阻噪声电阻明显升高,而电位标准偏差与电流标准偏差则有所降低;粗糙度0.25μm的电极在阻抗谱低频区出...     

200℃回火对X80管线钢在NaHCO3溶液中电化学腐蚀的影响

采用热处理炉对X80管线钢进行200℃回火30min,通过动电位极化,电化学阻抗谱等技术研究了回火前后X80钢在NaHCO3溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为。结果表明,回火前后X80在NaHCO3溶液中的腐蚀都是阴极控制腐蚀类型,但低温回火后X80钢的自腐蚀电位从回火前的-0.739V降低为-0.877V(SCE),并且维钝电流也从回火前的5.48μA.cm-2升高到17.82μA.cm-2;电化学阻抗谱测试表明,低温回火后的钝化膜比回火前X80钢钝化膜疏松,这与金相显微镜观察结果相吻合。     

H2S水溶液中的腐蚀与缓蚀作用机理的研究Ⅲ.不同pH值H2S溶液中碳钢的腐蚀电化学行为

利用极化曲线和阻抗技术 ,对低碳钢在不同pH值H2 S溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为进行了研究。结果表明 ,在溶液pH值较低时 ,腐蚀电极主要受阳极酸性溶解过程控制 ,表面无硫化物沉积 ,其阻抗谱除高频容抗弧外 ,低频有一感抗弧存在 ;随pH的升高 ,腐蚀电位明显负移 ,电流密度减小 ,表面出现硫化物的不连续沉积 ,腐蚀因溶液pH值的增加和硫化物的沉积而减小 ,电极过程主要受硫化物的生长所控制 ;在pH值为 6.2时 ,由于HS 的阴极去极化 ,腐蚀电流增加 ;当pH大于 7后 ,电极表面因氧化膜的生成而呈现钝化特征 ,极化电阻显著增加。基于溶液中HS 同OH 的竞争吸附 ,提出可能的腐蚀历程 ,据此可解释有关实验事实。     

LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_2电极在LiNO_3电解液中的电化学性能及循环衰减机理(英文)

研究LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2电极在LiNO3水溶液中的电化学行为,同时分析该电极在不同pH值电解液中的循环衰减原因。循环伏安测试显示LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2在浓度为5 mol/L的LiNO3水溶液中具有较好的锂离子脱嵌能力。对比发现,LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2电极在浓度为5 mol/L,pH值为12的LiNO3水溶液中具有最好的循环稳定性能。通过交流阻抗法、X射线衍射分析及电极形貌的对比分析发现:电极在浓度为5 mol/L,pH值为12的LiNO3水溶液中循环时,电极的表面形貌和电极结构都能得到较好的保持,电极的电荷传递阻抗得到明显抑制,因此在该pH值电解液中的循环稳定性最好。     

两碱法对钛材在盐卤中腐蚀行为的影响

利用电化学方法、电化学阻抗谱以及失重实验法研究CO^2-₃浓度、pH值以及温度的改变对工业钛材在盐卤介质中的耐腐蚀性能的影响,探讨其电极反应过程,并借助金相显微镜观察失重腐蚀实验后的腐蚀形貌。结果表明,试样在盐卤水中的耐腐蚀性能随着CO₃^2-浓度和pH值的增大递增,但随着温度的升高递减;随着浸泡时间的增长,试样的耐腐蚀性能先减弱、后增大,当浸泡时间为7 d时,年腐蚀深度最大;试样在盐卤水介质中的电极反应是不可逆的,其腐蚀反应既受活化极化控制,又受溶液扩散控制。     

The impedance‐titrator : A novel setup to perform automated pH‐dependent electrochemical experiments

A new device for performing electrochemical experiments under automatic change or control of the solution pH was developed. The electrochemical cell consists of a thermostatted glass cell, counter electrode, reference electrode and working electrode, pH sensor, stirrer and gas purging system. A control box and a potentiostat equipped with a frequency response analyser form the electronic equipment, while a piston buret allows dosing the solution of interest e.g. a sodium hydroxide solution. Various modes are available for scanning the pH range or keeping the pH constant if a hydroxide consuming reaction shall be observed at a constant pH value, all during electrochemical experiments are performed. Two application examples are given to demonstrate the versatility of the impedance titrator. One addresses the determination of the breakdown pH value of anodised aluminium and the other quantifies the consumption of zinc during transient formation of zincate precipitates.     

Influence of pH values on electroless Ni-P-SiC plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A novel Ni-P-SiC composite coating was prepared by electroless plating in order to improve the corrosion capacity and wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy. The influence of pH values on deposition rates and properties of the coatings was studied. The microstructure and phase structure of the Ni-P-SiC coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The corrosion and wear resistance performances of the coatings were also investigated through electrochemical technique and pin-on-disk tribometer, respectively. The results indicate that the composite coating is composed of Ni, P and SiC. It exhibits an amorphous structure and good adhesion to the substrate. The coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate. The composite coating obtained at pH value of 5.2 possesses optimal integrated properties, which shows similar corrosion resistance and ascendant wear resistance properties to the substrate.     

2024-T3铝合金在不同酸性水溶液中的电化学行为

采用动电位极化和交流阻抗两种电化学测量技术,结合表面微观形貌观察,研究了2024-T3铝合金在不同种酸（包括乙酸、硫酸和盐酸）以及不同pH值水溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明:随pH值降低,合金自腐蚀电位负移,自腐蚀电流密度和腐蚀速率增大,合金表面钝化膜越易遭到破坏,溶液的腐蚀作用越强,且在不同pH值下,阴极极化过程的控制反应有所不同;在相同pH值下,以盐酸水溶液的腐蚀作用最强,硫酸水溶液相近但次之,乙酸水溶液最弱,这是酸的不同水解能力和氯离子的存在共同导致的;铝合金表面钝化膜的存在使得其在不同环境中的电化学行为表现不同,酸性条件下钝化膜失稳溶解,合金基体裸露并与溶液直接接触发生反应,而弱酸性条件下,钝化膜则能够保持相对完整性,对合金基体起到一定保护作用。     

J420焊接的造纸蒸球热影响区耐蚀性研究

针对亚铵法制浆造纸设备腐蚀的问题，采用三电极电化学研究法，金相组织分析法及重量法研究了造纸蒸球焊接热影响区在亚硫酸铵介质中的腐蚀行为.结果表明，温度升高和亚硫酸铵溶液浓度增大，均促使焊接热影响区的腐蚀速率增大;随着亚硫酸铵介质pH由酸性向碱性转变，极化体系中阳极区均出现钝化，其腐蚀速率减小;Q235钢用J420焊条焊接后，热影响区的组织特点决定了其耐蚀性较差.     

Corrosive electrochemistry of jamesonite

The corrosive electrochemistry of jamesonite (Pb4FeSb6S14 ) was studied by the electrochemical methods of cyclic voltammetry, polarization, and AC impedance. The electrochemical processes of jamesonite were controlled by the corrosive reactions, growth of the metal-deficient and sulfur-riched layer, passivation and breakdown of elemental sulfur film on the electrode surface. The corrosive potential(φcorr) moves negatively, its corrosive current increases, and hydroxyl action becomes stronger with the rising pH value. The charge transfer resistance increases and the capacitance decreases due to the gradual growth of the metal-deficient and sulfur-riched layer on the mineral surface from -378 to 122mV (vs SHE). Element sulfur layer is formed at the potential of 122 mV. The charge transfer resistance increases and its capacitance rises slowly due to the gradual breakdown of sulfur film at voltage from 222mV to 422mV. S2O3^2- and SO4^2- ions occur when the electrode potential is over 422 mV. Under basic condition, the hydrophobic hydroxyl precipitate occurs on jamesonite surface, so that its collectorless floatability is poor. Under the condition of pH6.86, it can be deduced that the potential range of collectorless floatability of jamesonite is from 22 to 422mV due to the passive action of the hydrophilic sulfur on jamesonite surface, and its optimum range of floatable potential is between 122 and 322mV.     

Investigation of the relationship between intergranular corrosion and retrogression and reaging in the AA6063

AA6063 was heat treated with different retrogression temperatures and durations, and the effect of heat treatment conditions on the microstructure, hardness, electrical conductivity, intergranular corrosion (IGC) and electrochemical corrosion behaviours of the AA6063 was determined compared with the T6 condition. The IGC test was applied according to the BS EN ISO 11846: 2008 standard. Moreover, potentiodynamic polarization tests were applied to determine the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of the heat‐treated samples. Electrochemical corrosion tests were carried out by using a Ivium Compactstat potentiostat in 3.5 wt.%. NaCl solution at 24°C with a scanning rate of 0.5 mV/s. The corrosion test cell consisted of the reference electrode (Ag/AgCl), working electrode (test sample) and a reference electrode (platinum). The effect of IGC on the microstructure of AA6063 and corrosion depth values was investigated by using a stereo optical microscope and a light metal microscope, respectively. Corrosion depth examinations were performed on microstructures taken from the cross‐sections of the samples. The chemistry of the precipitates formed at grain boundaries and distribution of the precipitates in the microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X‐ray and transmission electron microscope analyses. The results showed that retrogression and reaging heat treatment improves both the corrosion resistance and the mechanical properties of AA6063. After 50°C/15 min RRA heat treatment, the highest corrosion resistance and a higher hardness value than the T6 level were obtained.