碳纳米管吸波材料的研究现状与展望

碳纳米管因其独特的物理和化学性能10多年来一直备受关注,已有研究将其运用于军事科技领域,如吸波材料,但目前国内关于此类研究的报道还不多.较为全面地总结了近年来国内外对碳纳米管作为吸波材料的研究成果及其目前的研究现状,即简述碳纳米管的吸波机理;详细介绍碳纳米管薄膜、活性碳纳米管、磁性金属(合金)/碳纳米管、碳纳米管/聚合物基复合吸波材料的研究现状;展望未来吸波材料的发展方向.     

碳基/羰基铁复合吸波材料的研究进展

碳基/羰基铁复合吸波材料结合了各自优势,具有独特的物理化学特性和良好的吸波性能,成为近年来研究热点之一。本文结合国内外最新研究成果,介绍了羰基铁吸波剂自身改性的研究现状,将碳基/羰基铁复合吸波材料的研究成果系统归纳为6大类,即石墨烯/羰基铁复合吸波材料、碳纳米管/羰基铁复合吸波材料、碳纤维/羰基铁复合吸波材料、炭黑/羰基铁复合吸波材料、石墨/羰基铁复合吸波材料以及其他碳材料与羰基铁的复合吸波材料,并进行了详细介绍。最后,指出了碳基/羰基铁复合吸波材料未来研究亟待解决的性能调控和轻量化等问题,展望了其在宽频隐身等方面的发展前景。     

碳化硅颗粒填充的碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的吸波性能

以碳纳米管、碳化硅颗粒为原料制备环氧树脂复合吸波材料,并对其吸波性能进行测试,研究了碳纳米管、碳化硅颗粒含量与复合材料吸波性能的关系.结果表明碳纳米管、碳化硅颗粒的含量对复合材料的吸波性能有较大影响.随碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的吸波性能先提高后降低,碳纳米管含量存在最佳值(12%,质量分数).将碳...     

碳纳米管在聚合物基吸波隐身复合材料上的应用

针对新一代吸波隐身材料要求吸收强、宽频带、质量轻、厚度薄、功能多、红外微波吸收兼容以及具有优良的其他综合性能的要求,利用碳纳米管(CNTs)特殊的电磁吸波特性,以及聚合物优良的材料性能,研究开发碳纳米管聚合物基复合吸波功能材料是实现该技术的有效途径.从吸波材料的隐身机理出发,阐述了碳纳米管的电磁吸波特性,着重介绍了碳纳米管聚合物基吸波隐身复合材料的最新研究进展,并提出了该类材料今后发展着重应解决的技术问题.     

铁氧体基核壳结构复合吸波材料研究进展

核壳结构复合吸波材料因其独特的物理化学特性和良好的吸波能力,近年来成为研究的热点。本文综述了近年来有关铁氧体基核壳结构复合吸波材料的研究成果。介绍了核壳结构吸波材料吸波原理的研究进展,然后将铁氧体基核壳结构复合吸波材料的研究成果系统归纳为四大类,即金属微粉/铁氧体复合,不同类型铁氧体复合,导电高聚物/铁氧体复合、其他复合类型,评述了其特点。指出了铁氧体基核壳结构复合吸波材料未来研究亟待解决的问题和发展方向。     

螺旋型非晶态碳纳米管/双马来酰亚胺树脂(HACNT/BMI)复合材料的制备及吸波机理

新型电磁波吸收材料是国防科技中的研究热点和重点,碳材料作为一种轻质吸波材料受到研究者们的广泛重视.本研究利用浮动催化化学气相沉积法制备螺旋非晶碳纳米管,以螺旋非晶碳纳米管作为吸波剂,双马来酰亚胺树脂作为基体制备了螺旋非晶碳纳米管/双马来酰亚胺树脂吸波复合材料.采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和拉曼光谱仪等设备对样品进行微观形貌和结构表征,通过矢量网络分析仪测试其电磁参数.实验结果表明,吸波剂含量的增加增强了螺旋非晶碳纳米管/双马来酰亚胺树脂复合材料的吸波性能,其最大吸收峰值可达-18.35 dB,最大吸波频宽(<-10 dB)为2.56 GHz(9.52～12.08 GHz),反射损耗超过97％,且吸收峰向低频方向移动.螺旋非晶碳纳米管因其特殊的螺旋型结构极大地增加了电磁波反射概率和散射波程,增大了入射电磁波能量损耗.     

镍锌钴铁氧体/碳纳米管复合吸波材料的制备及表征

采用沸腾回流法制备了Ni0.4Zn0.35Co0.25LaxFe2-xO4/碳纳米管(CNTs)复合吸波材料,考察了镧(La)的掺杂量对复合材料磁性及吸波性能的影响。研究表明:沸腾回流法制备的铁氧体为单相尖晶石结构,纳米铁氧体粒子成功包覆在碳纳米管上。La3+掺杂量x=0.07时,产物的矫顽力(Hc)最大,且吸波性能最佳。     

碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料性能的研究进展

碳纳米管由于具有超高的强度、良好的韧性、导电性以及低密度等优异性能,是聚合物材料较为理想的增强填料。近年来,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的研究已成为碳纳米管应用研究的一个热点。本文介绍了碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能、电性能、热性能、摩擦性能、吸波性能以及阻尼性能;并结合国内外研究现状,探讨了该复合材料存在的问题,对未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

碳基材料吸波性能研究进展

随着雷达探测技术的迅猛发展和电磁波辐射污染的日益加剧,新型吸波材料的研究和开发成为各国研究的热点。单一吸收剂存在吸波频带窄和吸收强度低等缺点,无法满足新型吸波材料频带宽、厚度薄、质量轻、吸收强的要求。碳材料具有密度低和吸波性能好等优点,通过与其他吸收剂的双组分、多组分复合,或对复合材料的微观结构进行设计,碳系复合材料表现出优异的吸波性能。简要介绍了吸波材料的工作机理,然后分别从炭黑、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯和其他碳系材料等5个方面综述了碳系材料在电磁波吸收中的应用和发展,归纳了碳系材料吸波性能的最新研究进展,最后提出了当前研究中存在的不足并明确了研究方向。     

纳米碳基复合吸波材料吸波机理及性能研究进展

纳米碳基复合吸波材料由于具有优异的电磁特性,在国防民生领域有着重要的应用。本文结合国内外研究的现状,综述了吸波材料的吸波原理以及纳米碳基导体/导体型、导体/绝缘体型复合材料的吸收机理及性能的研究进展,并展望了纳米碳基复合吸波材料的发展方向。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.