共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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基于视觉的三维重建关键技术研究综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
三维重建在视觉方面具有很高的研究价值, 在机器人视觉导航、智能车环境感知系统以及虚拟现实中被广泛应用.本文对近年来国内外基于视觉的三维重建方法的研究工作进行了总结和分析, 主要介绍了基于主动视觉下的激光扫描法、结构光法、阴影法以及TOF (Time of flight)技术、雷达技术、Kinect技术和被动视觉下的单目视觉、双目视觉、多目视觉以及其他被动视觉法的三维重建技术, 并比较和分析这些方法的优点和不足.最后对三维重建的未来发展作了几点展望. 相似文献
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与传统基于激光传感器的同时定位与建图(SLAM)方法相比,基于图像视觉传感器SLAM方法能廉价的获得更多环境信息,帮助移动机器人提高智能性。不同于用带深度信息的3D传感器研究SLAM问题,单目视觉SLAM算法用二维图像序列在线构建三维环境地图并实现实时定位。针对多种单目视觉SLAM算法进行对比研究,分析了近10年来流行的单目视觉定位算法的主要思路及其分类,指出基于优化方法正取代滤波器方法成为主流方法。从初始化、位姿估计、地图创建、闭环检测等功能组件的角度分别总结了当下流行的各种单目视觉 SLAM 或Odometry系统的工作原理和关键技术,阐述它们的工作过程和性能特点。总结了近年最新单目视觉定位算法的设计思路,最后概括指出本领域的研究热点与发展趋势。 相似文献
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医生通过内窥镜观察的人体内腔显示为二维图像,不能立体地展现内腔环境中病灶、血管及邻近组织的关系,而内腔三维重建及可视化技术能够清晰、全面地展现病灶及其他组织的三维形态,更好地辅助医生进行精准的手术判断。将人体内腔环境中的三维重建技术分为主动式测量方法与被动式测量方法,分类综述基于结构光、飞行时间、双目立体视觉、单目视觉的内腔三维重建技术及发展现状。针对同时定位与地图构建的内腔三维重建法,分析对比内腔环境下的特征点检测与匹配的发展、方法及特点,并对人体内腔三维重建的难点和未来发展趋势进行展望。 相似文献
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通过Kinect体感仪,实现人体三维重建.使用Kinect体感仪,扫描获取人体三维数据,利用深度数据转换算法实现二维顶点的三维化,再通过红外相机姿态跟踪算法进行顶点集配准,求解出相机每次的相对位移与转动角度,实现相机姿态跟踪,并将每次拍摄到的点集转换到同一全局坐标系下,使用晶格化显示集成算法将点云集成到提前划分好精度及尺寸的体素晶格中,最后利用投影映射算法获得可视化的人体三维立体模型.使用Kinect体感仪及三脚架等辅助设备方便快捷地获取人体三维重建结果,并通过3D打印技术对模型进行输出.该研究实现了人体三维重建中人体扫描、处理、重建、输出全流程. 相似文献
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介绍了一个基于嵌入式平台和Kinect传感器的同时定位与地图创建算法的设计与实现。Kinect传感器包括一个可见光彩色摄像头和一个利用结构光测量深度的红外CMOS摄像头。 算法利用ORB算子作为环境特征点的描述信息,并利用基于边沿的最近邻修复方法对深度图像进行修正以获得完整的深度信息。在此基础上,利用LSH方法进行特征点的匹配。实验结果表明,基于ORB特征的视觉SLAM算法具有较好的实用性和良好的定位精度,可以广泛应用于室内机器人的自主导航任务。 相似文献
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基于Kinect v2的实时精确三维重建系统 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
快速、低成本、精确的三维扫描技术一直是计算机视觉领域研究的热点.首先,本文分析了新一代Kinect v2(Kinect for windows v2 sensor)的技术参数、测量原理.设计实验测得其深度精度与测量距离成线性变换关系.其次,Kinect v2深度数据含有大量的噪声尤其是在物体边缘,常用的双边滤波器等去噪算法不能很好的去除这些噪声,对此本文设计了一种有效的去噪算法,提高重建质量.最后,实现了一套基于新一代Kinect v2重建系统.实验结果表明,本文中的重建系统能够实时精确的重建物体,可以广泛应用于低成本的快速三维成型. 相似文献
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RGB-D cameras like PrimeSense and Microsoft Kinect are popular sensors in the simultaneous localization and mapping researches on mobile robots because they can provide both vision and depth information. Most of the state-of-the-art RGB-D SLAM systems employ the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm to align point features, whose spatial positions are computed by the corresponding depth data of the sensors. However, the depth measurements of features are often disturbed by noise because visual features tend to lie at the margins of real objects. In order to reduce the estimation error, we propose a method that extracts and selects the features with reliable depth values, i.e. planar point features. The planar features can benefit the accuracy and robustness of traditional ICP, while holding a reasonable computation cost for real-time applications. An efficient RGB-D SLAM system based on planar features is also demonstrated, with trajectory and map results from open datasets and a physical robot in real-world experiments. 相似文献
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Jian-Dong Tian Jing Sun Yan-Dong Tang 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2011,64(3-4):543-560
We develop a short-baseline vision system for a humanoid ping-pong robot. The vision system can provide four-dimensional space-time information and can predict the future trajectory of a ball. Short baseline poses special challenges for achieving sufficient 3-D reconstruction and prediction accuracy within limited processing time. We propose two algorithms including direct calibration of projection matrix and Gaussian-fitting based ball-center location to guarantee the 3-D reconstruction accuracy; we propose algorithm of five-point based ball representation and utilize the constraint of ball detecting region to guarantee the processing speed; we also propose algorithm of smoothing-based trajectory prediction to improve the prediction accuracy. Experimental results show the accuracy and the speed of our vision system can meet the requirements of a humanoid ping-pong robot. 相似文献
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针对在非匀速非定轴旋转条件下利用Kinect进行刚体三维重建问题,提出一种改进的基于Kinect传感器的旋转刚体三维重建方法。首先利用Kinect采集深度图像,然后用改进的加权ICP(Iterative Closest Point)算法在非匀速非定轴旋转条件下进行配准,再将各点云变换到同一坐标系下,最后根据所得点云生成三维模型表面,通过GPU(Graphic Processing Unit)编程技术来提高计算速度以满足实际需求。实验结果表明:该方法具有重建效果良好的特点。 相似文献
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With the development of computer vision technologies, 3D reconstruction has become a hotspot. At present, 3D reconstruction relies heavily on expensive equipment and has poor real-time performance. In this paper, we aim at solving the problem of 3D reconstruction of an indoor scene with large vertical span. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for 3D reconstruction of indoor scenes with only a Kinect. Firstly, this method uses a Kinect sensor to get color images and depth images of an indoor scene. Secondly, the combination of scale-invariant feature transform and random sample consensus algorithm is used to determine the transformation matrix of adjacent frames, which can be seen as the initial value of iterative closest point (ICP). Thirdly, we establish the relative coordinate relation between pair-wise frames which are the initial point cloud data by using ICP. Finally, we achieve the 3D visual reconstruction model of indoor scene by the top-down image registration of point cloud data. This approach not only mitigates the sensor perspective restriction and achieves the indoor scene reconstruction of large vertical span, but also develops the fast algorithm of indoor scene reconstruction with large amount of cloud data. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better accuracy, better reconstruction effect, and less running time for point cloud registration. In addition, the proposed method has great potential applied to 3D simultaneous location and mapping. 相似文献