基于差分进化粒子群算法的多目标无功优化

针对电力系统有功网损最小、电压水平最好和电压稳定裕度最大的多目标无功优化问题,提出一种基于差分进化的改进多目标粒子群优化算法。该算法通过对Pareto最优解集的差分进化来增加Pareto最优解的多样性,通过拥挤距离来控制精英集中非支配解的分布,以提高对种群空间的均匀采集;采用擂台赛法则构造多目标Pareto最优解集,较大程度的提高了算法的运行效率;自适应惯性权重和加速度因子的动态变化可增强算法的全局搜索能力。将该算法在IEEE14、IEEE30节点标准测试系统上进行了无功优化仿真,结果表明,基于差分进化的改进多目标粒子群优化算法能够在保持Pareto最优解的多样性的同时具有较好的收敛性能,为多目标无功优化提供了一种新的方法。     

多目标差分进化在热连轧负荷分配中的应用

提出一种基于差分进化算法的多目标进化算法, 该算法个体的选择是通过非支配排序和拥挤度距离进行综合考虑. 保证了算法收敛到Pareto最优解集的同时, 提高了最优解个体分布的多样性. 通过与非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA Ⅱ)算法进行仿真对比, 结果显示基于拥挤度排序的多目标差分进化算法在收敛性和Pareto最优解集分布的多样性上均优于NSGA Ⅱ算法. 最后将其引入到热连轧负荷分配优化计算中, 给出了目标函数的表达方式, 对多目标进化算法在热连轧负荷分配计算中的应用进行了研究.     

基于新型双目标模型的约束优化进化算法

利用双目标模型求解约束优化问题时,由于它们的最优解集并不相等,因此需要增加特殊机制确保求解双目标问题的算法收敛到原问题的最优解.为克服这一缺点,本文首先将约束优化问题转化为新的双目标优化模型,并证明了新模型的最优解集与原问题的最优解集相等.其次,以简单的差分进化为搜索算法,基于多目标Pareto支配关系的非支配排序为选择准则,提出了求解新模型的差分进化算法.最后,用10个标准测试函数的数值试验说明了新模型及求解算法的有效性.     

一种改进的多目标约束优化差分进化算法

提出一种新的多目标优化差分进化算法用于求解约束优化问题.该算法利用佳点集方法初始化个体以维持种群的多样性.将约束优化问题转化为两个目标的多目标优化问题.基于Pareto支配关系,将种群分为Pareto子集和Non-Pareto子集,结合差分进化算法两种不同变异策略的特点,对Non-Pareto子集和Pareto子集分别采用DE/best/1变异策略和DE/rand/1变异策略.数值实验结果表明该算法具有较好的寻优效果.     

基于多种群差分进化的多目标优化算法

针对差分进化算法(Differential Evolution Algorithm,DE)求解多目标优化问题时易陷入局部最优的问题,设计了一种双向搜索机制,它通过对相反进化方向产生的两个子代个体进行评价,来增强DE算法的局部搜索能力;设计了多种群机制,它可令各子群独立进化一定次数再执行全局进化,以完成子群间进化信息的交流,这一方面降低了算法陷入局部最优的风险,另一方面增强了Pareto解集的多样性,使Pareto前沿面的解集分布更为均匀。实验结果表明,相比于NSGA-II等同类算法,所提方法在搜索Pareto最优解时效率更高,并且Pareto最优解集的精度及分布程度比前者更好。     

基于分解和差分进化的多目标粒子群优化算法

为了提高多目标优化算法解集的分布性和收敛性,提出一种基于分解和差分进化的多目标粒子群优化算法(dMOPSO-DE).该算法通过提出方向角产生一组均匀的方向向量,确保粒子分布的均匀性;引入隐式精英保持策略和差分进化修正机制选择全局最优粒子,避免种群陷入局部最优Pareto前沿;采用粒子重置策略保证群体的多样性.与非支配排序(NSGA-II)算法、多目标粒子群优化(MOPSO)算法、分解多目标粒子群优化(dMOPSO)算法和分解多目标进化-差分进化(MOEA/D-DE)算法进行比较,实验结果表明,所提出算法在求解多目标优化问题时具有良好的收敛性和多样性.     

一种基于聚集距离的多目标进化算法

在多目标进化算法的研究中,解群体的多样性和运行效率是最重要的两个指标。在进化算法中一般采用构造非支配集的方法来保持算法的运行效率和解集的分布性;采用聚类技术来计算和维持解群体的分布性和多样性。文章提出了用庄家法构造非支配集和基于个体距离的聚类方法的多目标进化算法。经试验证明,该算法能够趋近到Pareto最优解,并且能保证较好的分布度。     

基于分解和多策略变异的多目标差分进化算法*

差分进化是一种有效的优化技术,已成功用于多目标优化问题。但也存在Pareto最优集合的收敛慢和多样性差等问题。针对上述不足,本文提出了一种基于分解和多策略变异的多目标差分进化算法(MODE/DMSM)。该算法利用基于分解的方法将多目标优化问题分解为多个单目标优化问题;通过高效的非支配排序方法选择具有良好收敛性和多样性的解来指导差分进化过程;采用了多策略变异方法来平衡进化过程中收敛性和多样性。在ZDT和DTLZ的10个测试函数上的仿真结果表明,本文算法在Parato最优集合的收敛性和多样性优于其他六种代表性多目标优化算法。     

基于自适应学习的多目标粒子群优化算法

将进化算法应用于某些多目标优化问题时,采用增加种群规模和进化代数的方法往往耗费大量的目标函数计算开销,且达不到提高种群进化效率的目的,为此提出了一种基于自适应学习最优搜索方向的多目标粒子群优化算法。采用自适应惯性权值平衡算法的全局和局部搜索能力,采用聚类排挤方法保持Pareto非支配解集的分布均匀性,使用最近邻学习方法为每个粒子在Pareto非支配解集中寻找一个最优飞行目标来提高其收敛速度并保持粒子群搜索方向的多样性。实验结果表明,提出的算法可在显著地降低函数评估成本的前提下实现快速的搜索,并使粒子群均匀地逼近Pareto最优面。     

基于局部搜索与混合多样性策略的多目标粒子群算法

为了提高算法的收敛性与非支配解集的多样性,提出一种基于局部搜索与混合多样性策略的多目标粒子群算法（LH-MOPSO）.该算法使用增广Lagrange乘子法对非支配解进行局部搜索以快速接近Pareto最优解;利用基于改进的Maximin适应值函数与拥挤距离的混合多样性策略对非支配解集进行维护以保留解的多样性,同时引入高斯变异算子以避免算法早熟收敛;最后针对多目标约束优化问题,给出一种有效的约束处理方法.实验研究表明该算法具有良好的优化性能.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate