Diagnosis Petri Net Model fo Power System

This paper puts forward a new fault diagnosis model based on Petri net. In this new fault diagnosis method, an associated tree is first defined to describe the logic according to the protections and circuit breakers. After that a Petri net diagnosis model comes into being and the precise diagnosis of power grid elements can be realized at the same time. The simulation results given in this paper il- lustrate that this fault diagnosis method can make a rapid diagnosis in complex fault situation and give accurate results to power grid fault diagnosis.     

An Improved Algorithm of Grounding Grids Corrosion Diagnosis Based on Total Least Square Method

A new model considering corrosion property for grounding grids diagnosis is proposed,which provides reference solutions of ambiguous branches.The constraint total least square method based on singular value decomposition is adopted to improve the effectiveness of grounding grids' diagnosis algorithm.The improvement can weaken the influence of the model's error,which results from the differences between design paper and actual grid.Its influence on touch and step voltages caused by the interior resistance of conductors is taken into account.Simulation results show the validity of this approach.     

Winding Capacitance Dividing Method for Powerformer

It presents a method which can equivalently arrange the capacitance distribution along with the winding of the generator on the terminal and neutral respectively in a reasonable partition,particularly for a type of high-voltage graded insulated cable wound generator,Powerformer.The winding of the Powerformer adopts graded insulation,which leads to the various cable thicknesses in different portion of the winding,and thus,the uneven capacitance distribution.The large capacitive currents and large transient outrush currents resulting from the cable consisting of the stator winding of Powerformer may cause problems to the generator differential protection.Most of literatures available in the field of compensated differential protection focus on the charging current compensation for long transmission line,instead of for generator.The authors give a method which can be used to compensate the capacitive current wholly to improve the reliability of the differential protection of Powerformer.It is proved that the distributed capacitance can be equivalent as the lump circuit with a capacitance partition coefficient ρ,and ρ is proved as a constant no matter whether the generator experiences the normal operation,external phase(s) fault or internal phase(s) fault.The formula of the partition coefficient is provided and the corresponding equivalent circuit of the Powerformer cable to calculate capacitance currents is given.An analysis programming resolving the minimum value of the coefficient ρ is written in MATLAB 7.0/m according to this formula,using the function fmincon() which can work in any type of constraint condition.The program always gets the same global minimum points under the different initial values condition which proves our point by mathematical test.With this new approach to winding capacitance dividing method,the protection scheme used for Powerformer can be validated and improved accordingly.     

基于故障点电压的单相自适应重合闸判据

A new adaptive single-pole autoreclosure technique based on the magnitude of fault point voltage is presented.After fault phase tripping,the fault point voltage of transient faults is essentially different from that of permanent faults,so the magnitude of fault point voltage is used to distinguish fault nature.Fault point voltage can be calculated through uniform transmission line equation.Considering that fault point voltage changes with fault location and transition resistance,a concept of real-time action voltage setting is put forward.The technique solves the problem that criterions based on terminal voltage could be easily affected by inductive coupling voltage and transition resistance.Simulation results show that the method is reliable.     

行波相关法的输电线路故障定位(英文)

This paper introduced correlation method to locate transmission line fault.First it described the principle of transmission line fault location based on traveling waves.The principle of correlation analysis is introduced,then the method using correlation analysis in fault location is given.Transmission line model is established with EMTP-ATP.Basing on the model,some kinds of fault are simulated.The feasibility of this algorithm is proved based on simulation results.By comparing with the classical wavelet analysis,this paper gave the advantages of this algorithm in two cases:noise influence suppression and accuracy of near distance fault location.Experiment is established to simulate transmission line grounding fault.The experiment result showed the correlation algorithm’s validity.All the analysis result indicated that the correlation algorithm have a high precision.     

基于ATP-EMTP的±500kV直流线路雷击事故仿真分析(英文)

This paper calculates and researches on lightning accident of ±500 kV Xing-An DC transmission line in Guangdong based on ATP-EMTP and the simulation calculation model of the HVDC has been constructed. The results show that: when a lightning current strikes to the positive polar conductor of double circuit transmission line and the flashover of insulator strings occurs, as the over-voltage wave propagating along the lines due to the coupling effect between the conductors, the grounding electrode lines would produce the coupling voltage wave, which makes the flashover of the insulator strings occur at the different place along the grounding electrode lines, the unbalanced current of the grounding polar line is produced due to the insulator strings flashover and the unbalanced current exists for a long time, when the unbalanced current is up to the locking condition, the negative polar conductor is locked and the double-pole block fault occurs. In the paper, some effective measures are given to prevent this accident.     

冲击电流下接地极屏蔽效应的试验研究(英文)

Generally,the flow of a lightning impulse current from a grounding electrode into ground is a very complicated process determined by many factors.In order to analyze the mechanism of the impulse current dissipating in the earth from grounding electrode,the experiments that had been carried out by other authors almost used a single horizontal grounding wire or vertical grounding rod for sake of simplicity.However,in practical conditions,most of the grounding systems are constructed of grounding electrodes with branches in different directions.In this study,basing on the principle of dimensional similarity,impulse simulation experiments are performed on the common ground electrodes with conductor branches.This paper focuses on analyzing the impulse current dispersal regularity of different branches when injecting at one point.Comparing with the leakage current distribution of a single ground electrode,it is found that the leakage currents along the branches increase with the distance to the current feed point,and the more conductors near the injection point,the more uneven the leakage current distribution is.This work indicates that shielding effect should be taken into account when analyzing the impulse characteristics of grounding electrodes.     

基于小波神经网络和D-S证据理论的电力变压器故障诊断研究(英文)

>Transformer faults are quite complicated phenomena and can occur due to a variety of reasons.There have been several methods for transformer fault synthetic diagnosis,but each of them has its own limitations in real fault diagnosis applications.In order to overcome those shortcomings in the existing methods,a new transformer fault diagnosis method based on a wavelet neural network optimized by adaptive genetic algorithm(AGA)and an improved D-S evidence theory fusion technique is proposed in this paper.The proposed method combines the oil chromatogram data and the off-line electrical test data of transformers to carry out fault diagnosis.Based on the fusion mechanism of D-S evidence theory,the comprehensive reliability of evidence is constructed by considering the evidence importance,the outputs of the neural network and the expert experience.The new method increases the objectivity of the basic probability assignment(BPA)and reduces the basic probability assigned for uncertain and unimportant information.The case study results of using the proposed method show that it has a good performance of fault diagnosis for transformers.     

Combination of Reactive Current Droop Compensation and Line Drop Compensation for Improving Voltage Stability

Recent events related to power system failure have shown that voltage collapse can be a cause of widespread outages.The thrust of this paper is to discuss and establish means of mitigating system voltage instability by using a combination of both reactive current droop compensation and line drop compensation.It is shown that the point that the voltage regulator controls can be defined by a new method which is based on a widely accepted voltage stability analysis tool.This tool can be used to determine which generators will have an impact on the maximum permissible loading of a bus.Dynamic analysis was carried out on the CIGRE Nordic test system to study the impact of control point location on time to collapse and it is shown that the new scheme can improve the voltage stability.     

山区35KV电网中性点新型运行方式研究

山区35 KV电网正常整定消弧线圈档位后,线路三相对地电容不对称会使三相电压严重不对称,甚至虚幻接地,虽可用增大消弧线圈脱谐度予以改善,但会导致线路雷击跳闸率居高不下。为此提出电网正常断开消弧线圈(中性点绝缘)运行而在线路单相接地后快速投入消弧线圈的适于山区35 KV电网的新型复合运行方式,电弧熄灭,故障消除即退出消弧线圈。以此兼顾了故障消弧而正常电压对称的要求,研究表明暂态过程中过电压和冲击电流水平并不很高。新运行方式可提高山区35 KV电网运行水平,减低线路雷击跳闸率。     

配电系统用接地变压器的论证

配电系统的10（6）kV变压器通常是三角形接线,无中性点,通过分析电网在发生单相接地故障时的电流分布,得出装设接地变压器进行中性点经消弧线圈（或小电阻）接地的必要性,并简单介绍了接地变压器结构和容量的选择方法。     

动态补偿消弧线圈在大型风电场灭弧中的应用

介绍了大型风电场的单相接地故障特性和调匝式、偏磁式、可控硅式消弧线圈的工作原理,对比分析了动态补偿技术的优势以及在大型风电场发生单相接地故障灭弧中的应用。结合风电设计和运行经验,对升压站电气主接线和设备选型进行了优化,采用三绕组变压器、35 kV中性点经消弧线圈接地方案,经现场验证此方案有利于风电场的安全稳定运行。     

山区35kV电网电气参数测试及分析

为研究山区35 kV电网雷击跳闸事故原因,提出有效的防雷措施.通过对山区35 kV电网电气参数进行现场测试,为山区35 kV系统的计算研究、运行维护及设计等提供了实际参数.结果显示:山区35 kV电网其单相接地电容电流超过了10A,应采用中性点经消弧线圈接地运行方式;由于线路不进行均匀换位,使得其线路三相对地电容不对称...     

风电场35 kV电缆网络中性点接地方式研究

为研究风电场35 k V电缆网络中性点接地方式的适用性和可行性,针对电缆网络较大的对地电容电流水平,利用Matlab/Simulink软件建模仿真。给出了以贵州龙里风电场为工程背景、不同中性点接地方式下的运行特性,并提出了一种改进的、适合风电场35 k V电缆网络的中性点复合运行方式。复合方式以消弧线圈为基础,当接地电容电流水平小于100 A而发生单相接地故障时,先并中值电阻抑制系统暂态过电压,若为瞬时性故障,消弧线圈补偿后故障自动消除,若为非瞬时性故障则利用短时并入小电阻启动零序电流保护。而当接地电容电流水平大于100 A,发生单相非瞬时性接地故障时,直接利用小电阻的短时投入,启动零序电流保护装置快速切除故障。仿真结果表明,复合方式适应性强,且相关设备可按照相关绝缘水平进行选取,具有较高的可操作性。     

山区35 kV电网单相接地故障类型判断方法

为了克服山区35 kV电网消弧线圈的整定与三相电压的对称不能兼顾的矛盾,有必要对单相接地故障类型进行判断。笔者通过对山区35 kV电网建立等值电路图并进行仿真分析,得出电网分别发生永久金属性接地和电弧接地故障时故障相电压的特点和区别,据此提出了一种接地故障类型判断的判据及其实现电路,并讨论了接地电阻及电弧重燃时刻对故障判断的影响。仿真显示,该判据及其实现电路对上述故障类型的判断是相当准确的,且基本不受接地电阻及电弧重燃时刻的影响。该判据及其实现电路的提出,对于降低雷击跳闸率、提高山区35 kV电网的运行水平具有重要意义。     

小电流接地系统单相接地综合电弧模型与选线方法的研究

在小电流接地系统中,发生单相接地故障时,电弧故障会经常产生。现有用于模拟电网的电弧模型大都是通过开关来实现,与实际的电弧接地有一定的差距。将Cassie电弧模型和Mayer电弧模型结合起来,使其更符合实际电弧接地,并运用到10 kV模拟电网中。在EMTP中,对中性点不接地电网、经消弧线圈接地,经高阻接地,电弧发生在不同合闸角,不同馈线时的情况进行了大量仿真。最后在Matlab中,用小波相关分析法进行选线。结果表明,该方法适用于大部分电弧故障,但对于电压过零点附近发生的电弧故障有一定的局限性。     

油田35 kV系统手动调匝消弧线圈的档位调节

为克服油田35 kV系统中性点手动调匝式消弧线圈档位调节方式存在的不足,从系统正常运行状态和单相接地故障两个方面分析了消弧线圈的调节原则;结合具体的油田35 kV系统,利用EMTP/ATP电磁暂态程序计算系统各种运行方式下的电容电流、消弧线圈补偿后残流和位移电压,推荐了消弧线圈的档位调节表;为实现自动选择手动调匝式消弧线圈的运行档位,提出了专家系统的构想。     

消弧线圈接地系统单相断线故障的辨识与定位

在66 kV中性点经消弧线圈接地系统中,架空线路单相断线时有发生并产生虚幻接地现象,依靠传统三相电压特征法无法辨别单相断线和单相接地。针对此类情况结合故障实例,从理论上分析出了单相断线的影响因素和产生虚幻接地的原因,结合故障案例详尽比较单相接地和单相断线的断线点两侧变电站10 kV母线电压特征,提出单相断线辨别和故障定位方法,实现正确辨别单相断线与单相接地故障并能准确判断故障区间。为调度员辨别故障类型和故障定位提供依据。     

基于PLC的配电网电容电流测量装置的设计与实现

谐振接地系统电容电流的准确测量决定了消弧线圈的补偿效果,而采用最大位移电压法对系统电容电流进行测量的关键是准确找到中性点最大位移电压。为此基于可编程逻辑控制器PLC辅以相关的外围电路,设计了电容电流测量装置,并对自动跟踪系统运行方式、闭环控制测量电容电流等软件的设计思路进行了说明。测量装置在10 kV模拟配电网上的实验结果表明,该装置能够准确测量系统的电容电流,并能够实时监测中性点位移电压、消弧线圈回路电流以及正在运行的馈线数目,根据运行方式变化特征,灵敏准确地跟踪系统的运行方式,提升了消弧线圈的补偿效果。