ZnO纳米阵列的水溶液法制备及其荧光特性

采用简单的低温水溶液法,在修饰有ZnO种子膜的玻片上制备出形貌规整、取向性较好的ZnO纳米棒阵列。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和荧光测试仪(PL)等对产物的形貌、结构、光致发光特性进行了表征。结果表明,水热生长12 h后,能够得到均匀致密、高度取向的氧化锌纳米棒阵列,每个纳米棒直径大约为150 nm,长度为1.5μm左右。XRD结果显示,ZnO纳米棒的结构为纤锌矿结构,并沿c轴择优生长。荧光测试结果显示,所制备的ZnO纳米棒阵列在383 nm附近有一个强的紫外发射峰,同时在可见光区出现比较弱的蓝绿光发射峰。     

棒状氧化锌纳米材料的制备及表征

分别以Zn(Ac)2.2H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O为锌源,利用简易的低温液相法制备了2种不同形貌的ZnO纳米棒状结构。XRD衍射图谱表明,所得的ZnO纳米棒具有六角纤维锌矿结构;通过SEM观察可知,以Zn(Ac)2.2H2O为锌源制备的ZnO纳米棒,长度1~5μm,直径50~100 nm;以Zn(NO3)2.6H2O为锌源制备的ZnO纳米棒,长度0.5~1μm,直径40~60 nm。     

水热法可控合成ZnO纳米棒及其光催化性能研究

以ZnSO4.7H2O和NaOH为主要原料,通过简单的一步水热合成路线,制备出平均直径为100～200 nm,长度为2.0～3.0μm,沿[0001]方向择优生长的ZnO纳米棒.利用XRD、SEM和紫外可见光吸收光谱研究了OH-浓度和水热反应时间对产物形貌及光催化活性的影响.研究结果表明,所获得的ZnO纳米棒对亚甲基蓝具有良好的光催化活性,通过调整OH-浓度和水热反应时间可以实现ZnO纳米棒的可控合成,OH-浓度和水热反应时间对产物的形貌和光催化活性影响显著.     

溶液处理ZnO纳米火炬阵列薄膜的制备及其气敏性能研究

利用晶种生长和溶液处理相结合的方法在气敏元件表面制备出了ZnO纳米火炬阵列薄膜,该方法在低温下进行,对环境友好且能耗低。对制得的薄膜进行XRD表征,结果表明其主要物相为纤锌矿ZnO;并对该薄膜进行FESEM表征,发现该ZnO纳米火炬呈中空形貌,高5μm,外径2μm,壁厚约200nm,且大小均一、排列有序。这些纳米火炬都是由粒径20nm左右的更细小的ZnO粒子组装而成。此外还讨论了ZnO纳米火炬结构的可能生长机理。最后对这种ZnO纳米火炬阵列薄膜进行了乙醇的气敏性能测试,并与纳米棒和纳米墙等已知形貌的ZnO纳米材料相比较,结果表明纳米火炬结构的ZnO纳米材料具有更优良的气敏性能。     

水热法制备花状和菜花状氧化锌

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和N2H4·H2O为原料,采用水热法在180℃下保温24 h,制备了花状和菜花状的氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒束.用XRD、SEM、FE-SEM及HR-TEM对样品进行了表征.XRD结果表明所制样品为六方纤维锌矿结构的ZnO晶体;SEM及FE-SEM测试结果显示ZnO晶体的形貌呈花状和菜花状,且由直径约100 nm的纳米棒组成;HR-TEM结果表明单晶纳米棒沿[0001]方向生长最快.结合测试结果,分析、讨论了花状和菜花状ZnO纳米棒束的生长机理及N2H4·H2O在ZnO生长过程中的作用.     

氧化锌纳米棒的低温水溶液化学制备研究

运用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了低温水溶液化学制备ZnO样品的结构、形貌,结果表明,生长时间、衬底材料、生长液浓度、生长温度等条件对ZnO形貌和结构有重要影响,合适的生长条件可以实现对ZnO纳米材料的可控生长.     

水热生长直立均匀ZnO纳米棒阵列的影响因素

采用水热合成方法制备了ZnO纳米棒阵列,并对水热过程中ZnO纳米棒阵列形貌的影响因素进行了考察,发现高浓度的前驱液和籽晶层辅助生长都有利于得到直立均匀的ZnO纳米棒阵列。如果不更换反应前驱液,即使延长反应时间,ZnO纳米棒阵列的长度也没有明显的增长。每隔2.5h更换新鲜的反应前驱液,ZnO纳米棒阵列的长度会随着反应时间增加而相应的增长。     

铝修饰氧化锌纳米棒的制备及表征

研究铝(Al)修饰对氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒的晶体结构、微观形貌和光学性能的影响。以乙酸锌和六亚甲基四胺的混合液为前驱液,采用水热法制备ZnO纳米棒,应用磁控溅射Al的方法修饰ZnO纳米棒,分别使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计、拉曼光谱仪和荧光光谱仪对Al修饰前后ZnO纳米棒的表征分析,结果表明:ZnO纳米棒为六方纤锌矿结构、结晶度较高,且沿晶面(002)择优生长;ZnO纳米棒的尺寸均匀、平均直径约为200 nm;修饰后的ZnO纳米棒表面附着一层Al颗粒,Al颗粒能有效增强在波长380 nm～1 100 nm范围内的吸收率,同时改善了ZnO纳米棒的光致发光性能。     

钛酸丁酯含量对TiO2纳米棒阵列的影响

采用水热合成方法在透明导电玻璃上制备TiO2纳米棒阵列,研究了钛酸丁酯浓度对TiO2纳米棒阵列膜的影响,采用SEM和XRD等手段分析不同含量钛酸丁酯经水热反应得到的TiO2纳米棒阵列的形貌和结构,结果表明钛酸丁酯含量为2．5％时可以制备获得均匀、整齐的TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜,该薄膜具有金红石结构。     

ZnO:Al纳米柱阵列的制备及其在有机固态钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用

采用水浴法制备了不同掺杂浓度(Al 3+和Zn2+物质的量比为0、1%、3%和5%)的ZnO:Al纳米柱阵列,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)等手段对样品进行了表征。测试结果表明:制备的纳米柱阵列结晶性好、具有c轴取向生长特性,能谱显示Al元素成功掺入ZnO纳米柱阵列中。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱和表面电阻测试发现:掺杂后,纳米柱阵列光透过率提高且表面方块电阻下降。将ZnO:Al纳米柱阵列作为电子传输层应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池器件中,在低掺杂浓度(1%)时得到最佳器件性能,光转化效率达到5.78%,相比较未掺杂ZnO纳米柱阵列,开路电压和短路电流均有提高,光转化效率提高了48%。     

Highly oriented ZnO rod arrays on Si substrates from aqueous solution

Ordered zinc oxide （ZnO） rod arrays with very high orientation were fabricated on Si substrates by using a solution method. The substrate surfaces were functionalized by Self-Assembly Monolayers （SAMs）. In the very early growth stage, the oriented ZnO crystals had already grown, which appeared to be the main reason why ZnO nanorods showed very high orientation. The un-dense and un-uniform SAMs provided a surface that was heterogeneous to ZnO nucleation. Consequently, highly oriented ZnO rods were selectively grown on the ＂coin-like＂ SAM-uncovered regions. The route developed here can provide some helpful information to control the nucleation and orientation of ZnO in aqueous solution. Also, the site-selective growth mechanisms can indicate a clue to grow patterned highly oriented ZnO nanorod arrays by the organic template.     

Research on the preparation of amorphous diamond nanorod arrays and their excellent field emitting properties

During recent years, with the rapid development of IT and micro-electrics, the ultra- thin, ultra-large display screen with low power consumption, has attracted more and more attention. As the core of devices, cathode materials are made much more demands in the vacuum microelectronic technology. So the materials with low power consumption, outstanding field emission properties and extreme stability are very important. To resolve the problem, many researchers have been making efforts. Diamonds…     

金红石型TiO2/锐钛矿型TiO2/SiO2三元复合薄膜的合成

采用水热法,以钛酸正丁醑为初始原料,在FTO基底上沉积了金红石型TiO2纳米棒阵列,然后利用锐钛矿型TiO2纳米粒子及无定形SiO2对纳米棒进行了表面修饰,获得金红石型TiO2/锐钛矿型TiO2/SiO2三元复合薄膜.扫描电镜及X射线衍射分析结果表明,在FTO表面上沉积的TiO2为金红石型单晶纳米棒,其尺寸随反应时间的增加而增大.电化学测试结果表明,随着纳米棒尺寸的增大,相应复合薄膜的电化学反应电荷转移阻力增大.2种TiO2晶型混合引起的电子-空穴分离效应及混合的均匀程度直接影响到复合薄膜的光催化活性.水热反应7h得到的纳米棒阵列相应的复合薄膜显示了较好的电化学性能及光催化活性.     

石墨烯／ZnO／聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其储锂性能的研究

以六水合硝酸锌、石墨及苯胺为原料,采用传统水热一原位聚合两步法首次制备了石墨烯／ZnO／聚苯胺复合材料．通过XRD、SEM、FT—IR、TG等分析方法对产物进行表征,并测试了该复合材料的储锂能力和循环稳定性．实验结果表明：ZnO以纳米棒状结构均匀分布在石墨烯表面,聚苯胺包裹在石墨烯／ZnO的表面形成石墨烯／znO／聚苯胺复合材料．电化学性能测试结果表明：石墨烯的存在可有效提高ZnO的导电性,同时聚苯胺柔性分子链可有效缓冲ZnO在充放电过程中的体积效应,对电极材料的循环稳定性起到了至关重要的作用．     

电泳法制备ZnO掺杂纳米管阵列及其形貌表征

以阳极氧化铝膜为模板,采用电泳的方法,在溶液中先制备出了锌盐掺杂的前驱体,然后通过退火处理得到了ZnO:Tb3+的纳米管阵列.经扫描电镜观察该纳米管直径尺寸和管壁厚度分别为80 nm和15 nm.由XRD谱图和高分辨透射电镜分析,Tb3+离子已经进入到ZnO的晶格中并占据了Zn的格位或者位于ZnO的间隙位,最后提出了ZnO:Tb3+纳米管阵列的;形成机制.     

Controlling growth of ZnO nanostructures via a solution route

A solution method was developed for fabricating ZnO nanostructures using (NH₄)₂CO₃ as starting material. SEM analysis shows that ZnO nanostructures exhibit nanorod, branch and flower-like morphologies. The crystal phase of as-synthesized products was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The growth process, formation mechanism and optical property were also discussed by means of transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM) and photoluminescence (PL). The growth direction of ZnO nanostructures was investigated based on the results of HRTEM. The PL spectrum shows two strong peaks (centered at around ∼387 and ∼470 nm) and a broad peak (centered at around ∼580 nm). Funded by the Ministry of Education of China (PCSIRT0644)     

Mierostructral Evolution of Well-aligned ZnO Nanorods Array Films in Aqueous Solution

By means of scanning electron microscopope and X-ray diffraction,microstructural evolution of well-aligned ZnO nanorod array films was studied.The films were prepared on a glass using direct deposition method in an aqueous solution.The experimental results show that the highly oriented rods grew from the randomly oriented crystals.Those rod-like randomly oriented crystals began to impinge on other neighboring crystals and their growth became physically limited;only the rods perpendicular to the substrate were allowed to grow freely.This kinetically controlled nucleation and growth would be responsible for producing the uniformly oriented nanorods.During the ZnO rods' growth,the topology of their top faces changed from flat,prismatic to finally flat.