颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料的磨损特性

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ＳｉＣ颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料的磨损特性，结果表明，Ａｌ２Ｏ３或ＳｉＣ颗粒的加入，提高了复合材料的耐磨粒磨损性能，随着颗粒含量的增加，复合材料的耐磨性增大；ＳｉＣ与Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料的耐磨性相近；复合材料孔隙率较大时耐磨性降低；复合材料的耐磨性不随硬度升高而增加；颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料干摩擦的磨损机理以磨粒磨损为主；润滑摩擦的磨损机理为氧化磨损．     

配副体积比对干滑动磨擦学特性与表面形貌的影响

由于磨擦热介于磨擦过程,金属干磨擦副双方的相对体积比影响材料的干磨擦磨损性能。试验结果表明：在铸铁／40Cr钢干滑动磨擦配副中,随着盘／销体积的增大,配副的磨擦因数降低,磨损率增大;不同配副体积比条件下的磨擦表面具有不同的形貌特征,高的盘／销体积比具有犁沟型表面形貌。这种形貌不利于磨擦热从磨擦表面的有效导出,从而使磨擦表面具有更高的温度;在实际运行条件下,对火车闸瓦的磨损速率检测也证明：配副体积比对闸瓦磨损速率的影响与销盘试验所得研究结果具有相同的规律。     

45钢稀土氮碳硼共渗层的摩擦学性能研究

采用AMSLER型磨损试验机，在油润滑条件下，对经稀土氮碳硼和氮碳硼共渗的45钢进行滑动磨损试验，研究了渗层的组织结构及硬度对45钢耐磨性的影响，并探讨了共渗层的磨损机制．结果表明，45钢稀土氮碳硼共渗处理后抗磨性能提高3～4倍，摩擦系数减小近2倍；共渗层硬而脆的特点使其在摩擦接触应力的作用下发生塑性变形破坏．     

铝基陶瓷复合材料的滑动磨损行为

研究了三维连续网状多孔陶瓷复合材料在干摩擦条件下的滑动磨损行为,结果表明：复合材料的耐磨性优于基体合金;复合材料对磨环的磨损量大于基体合金对磨环的磨损量,但复合材料摩擦副的总磨损量比基体合金摩擦副小。     

陶瓷脱水板的研制

本文介绍了氧化铝瓷的磨损机理和影响耐磨性的各种因素;分析了携带浆料的铜网在氧化铝瓷表面滑动时陶瓷磨损的几个组成部分——晶粒缺少{111}(110)这个滑移系统。难于产生塑性变形,内部存在许多裂纹型缺陷引起的应力集中造成强度的降低,滑动条件和周围环境降低疲劳强度,以及这几种磨损的基本规律。特别是滑移系统、气孔对氧化铝瓷耐磨性和强度的影响。本文结合研制耐磨性氧化铝瓷的实验,从原料纯度、转相温度、球磨工艺、烧成工艺等几个方面分析了耐磨性和强度的影响因素。氧化铝瓷脱水板元件经福建南平纸厂生产性试用表明,具有良好的耐磨性和脱水性能,是一种好的脱水元件。并正式通过鉴定。     

ZTM陶瓷磨粒磨损特性

在环－块式试验机上，以ＳｉＣ粉为磨粒，对ＺＴＭ陶瓷的磨粒磨损特性进行了研究．研究了载荷、滑动速度对ＺＴＭ磨损率的影响，并与ＴＺＰ、莫来石和氧化铝陶瓷的耐磨性进行了比较，对ＺＴＭ的磨粒磨损机理进行了初步探讨．     

摩擦条件对热轧辊材料高温磨损特性的影响

利用自制高温滑动磨损装置,在不同的温度、速度、压力和冷却条件下考察了高Cr铸铁、中Ni-Cr铸铁、半钢(165CrNiMo)及锻钢(9Cr2)四种辊材与45钢的高温滑动磨损特性。观察分析了磨面形貌,发现在一定条件下能够形成起减磨作用的覆膜。分析了四种材料的耐磨性及其与组织性能的关系。     

Al2O3陶瓷与铸铁副在空气和蒸馏水润滑下的滑动磨损

在室温、干摩擦(空气)及蒸馏水润滑条件下使用环块磨损试验机进行Al2O3陶瓷和球墨铸铁、灰铸铁及钢配副时的滑动磨损试验.结果表明:蒸馏水润滑下Al2O3及铸铁的磨损体积均小于在干磨擦条件下;在同一润滑条件下,钢的磨损体积大于铸铁磨损体积,球墨铸铁磨损体积最小;陶瓷Al2O3磨损体积在干摩擦时与铸铁配副时比与钢配副时要小得多.对Al2O3磨面进行形貌及能谱分析,发现在干摩擦条件下,Al2O3磨面有大量铸铁或钢的转移物组成的迁移膜,在蒸馏水润滑条件下则没有.分析认为,铸铁中石墨在于摩擦时能起到较明显的固体润滑剂作用,相对地减小了磨损,而在蒸馏水润滑下石墨的润滑作用己大大减弱.     

大口径弹带材料黄铜的磨损机理研究

为开发适用于高膛压发射条件的新型弹带材料,研究传统黄铜弹带材料的磨损机理。采用HSR-2M往复式摩擦实验机测试黄铜的摩擦磨损性能,并结合OM、SEM/EDS分析磨损黄铜的形貌和成分。结果表明,在30N载荷下,滑动速度按照200r/min、400r/min、600r/min次序增加时,黄铜的摩擦系数先增大后减小,磨损量在滑动速度为600r/min时急剧增大。滑动速度由200r/min提高到600r/min时,由于摩擦表面温度达到黄铜的熔点,黄铜的磨损机制由磨粒磨损转变为熔化磨损。     

Al2O3陶瓷与铸铁副在空气和蒸馏水润滑下的滑动磨损

在室温、干摩擦（空气）及蒸馏水润滑条件下使用环块磨损试验机进行Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷和球黑铸铁、灰铸铁及钢配副时的滑动磨损试验。结果表明：蒸馏水润滑下Ａｌ２Ｏ３及铸铁的磨损体积均小于在干磨擦条件下;在同一润滑条件下,钢的磨损体积大于铸铁磨损体积,球黑铸铁磨损体积最小;陶瓷Ａｌ２Ｏ３磨损体积在干摩擦时与铸铁配副时比与钢配副时要小得多。对Ａｌ２Ｏ３磨面进行形貌及能谱分析,发现在干摩擦条件下,Ａｌ２Ｏ３磨面有大     

纳米氧化铝颗粒增强铜-碳基复合材料的磨损性能

用MA技术制备了C体积分数为10%的Cu-C固溶体粉体,用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)烧结技术制备了平均尺寸为12 nm的γ-Al2O3颗粒和用SPS方法制备了纳米Al2O3颗粒增强Cu-C固溶体基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪对MA粉体、干凝胶和煅烧粉体进行了物相分析;通过JSM-5500LV型扫描电镜对磨损表面形貌进行观察分析并分析其磨损机制;使用MG-2000型高温摩擦磨损试验机对制备的复合材料进行了干摩擦实验并测定其磨损量。结果表明:纳米氧化铝颗粒体积分数及磨损载荷对复合材料摩擦磨损特性有显著影响,纳米氧化铝的体积分数从0%增加到2%,Cu基复合材料的磨损量从6.2 mg降到2.1 mg。     

SiCp含量与粒径对SiCp-Al/无石棉有机摩擦材料摩擦学特性的影响

对不同体积含量（１０％,１５％,２０％）和不同粒径（６,１３μｍ）的ＳｉＣｐ增强Ａｌ９Ｓｉ铝基复合材料与无石棉有机摩擦材料组成的摩擦副的摩擦磨损特性进行了试验研究．试验表明：该摩擦副具有较稳定的摩擦系数;ＳｉＣｐ的含量和粒径对摩擦副的摩擦系数影响不大．摩擦材料的磨损量随ＳｉＣｐ含量和粒径的增大而减小．     

Excellent tribological behavior of hexadecylphosphonic acid films formed on titanium alloy

Titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V)surfaces are generally modified to achieve some specific surface properties to satisfy requirements of clinical medicine.In our work,hexadecylphosphonic acid(HDPA)films were successfully formed on Ti6Al4V and subsequently confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)measurements.The tribological properties of the HDPA-modified Ti6Al4V were investigated using a ball-on-disk tribometer with a linear reciprocating movement.Experimental results indicate that the HDPA-modified Ti6Al4V can maintain a low friction coefficient(approximately 0.06)for 4 h when sliding against polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)balls under a load of 0.8 N in comparison to bare Ti6Al4V(approximately 0.2);the friction coefficient of the HDPA-modified Ti6Al4V shows a 70%decline.In addition,the wear rate of PTFE balls sliding against bare Ti6Al4V was almost twenty times that of PTFE balls sliding against the HDPA-modified Ti6Al4V.Moreover,results of tribological experiments for different speeds(from 3 to 24 mm/s)and loads(from 0.8 to 3.2 N)proved that the HDPA-modified Ti6Al4V was not sensitive to both velocity and load.The friction coefficients were still low and stable even under a high load of 3.2 N or at a high speed of 24 mm/s.This indicates that this soft modification is an optional method of improving tribological properties of Ti6Al4V.     

Microstructure and Wear Behaviour of Laser-Induced Thermite Reaction Al2O3 Ceramic Coatings on Pure Aluminum and AA7075 Aluminum Alloy

Wear-resistant laser-induced thermite reaction Al_2O_3 ceramic coatings can be fabricated on pure Al and AA7075 aluminum alloy by laser cladding(one-step method)and laser cladding followed by laser re-melting(two-step method)using mixed powders CuO-Al-SiO_2 in order to improve the wear properties of aluminum and aluminum alloy,respectively.The microstructure of the coatings was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The wear resistance of the coatings was evaluated under dry sliding wear test condition at room temperature.Owing to the presence of hardα-Al_2O_3 andγ-Al_2O_3 phases,the coatings exhibited excellent wear resistance.In addition,the wear resistance of the coatings fabricated by two-step method is superior to that of the coatings fabricated by one-step method.     

等离子喷涂复合陶瓷涂层及其耐磨性能

用等离子喷涂技术制取了ＭＯ＋Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２、ＭＯＳ２＋Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２＋Ｃｒ３Ｃ２ＮｉＣｒ和ＭｏＳ２＋Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ复合涂层．利用ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、和ＸＰＳ等技术．观察和分析了涂层的显微结构和喷涂过程中的物相变化及添加成分对涂层耐磨性能的影响．在ＭＭ－２００型磨损试验机上测定了涂层的滑动摩擦系数和磨损率．结果表明；Ｍｏ、ＭｏＳ２与Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２的结合性能较好，ＴｉＯ２、ＭｏＳ２在Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ涂层的气孔和裂纹处偏聚；添加ＭｏＳ２对Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２涂层的物相组成有明显的影响；适量的ＭＯ、ＭＯＳ２加入Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２中，可以降低涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率；而ＴｉＯ２、ＭｏＳ２加入Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ中，对涂层的摩擦磨损性能影响不大     

Fabrication and properties of Al matrix composites strengthened by in situ alumina particulates

New aluminum matrix composites strengthened by Al2O3 particulates through stirring cast by adding NH4Al（SO4）2 to the molten aluminum have been fabricated. TEM observation shows that in-situ Al2O3 particulates are generally spherical and they are uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. Dry sliding wear test results show that the volume loss of the unreinforced Al matrix is about three times that of the Al2O3 reinforced metal matrix composite （MMC） and the volume loss of the MMC fabricated by adding Al2O3 is larger than that of the MMC by adding NH4Al（SO4）2. Lubricating sliding wear test results show that the volume loss of the MMCs increases more slowly than that of the matrix with the increasing of the load.     

碳化铬-镍铬涂层对几种陶瓷的滑动摩擦磨损

在ＭＭ－２００块－环接触磨损试验机上，测定了等离子喷涂碳化铬－镍铬涂层对烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３、热压烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４、ＳｉＣ和等离子喷涂ＴｉＯ２涂层等四种陶瓷材料在干摩擦条件下的滑动摩擦系数和磨损量；利用ＳＥＭ、ＥＤＡＸ和ＸＲＤ等技术，观察和分析了摩擦副材料在磨损后的形貌、物质转移和物相转变；讨论了摩擦副材料的显微结构和某些物理性能、机械性能对碳化铬－镍铬涂层摩擦磨损行为的影响，结果表明：涂层与不同陶瓷对磨，不仅其磨损量相差很大，而且其摩擦磨损机理也不相同，摩擦磨损过程中对磨材料向涂层表面的转移，有利于提高涂层的耐磨能力。配对陶瓷的显微颗粒尺寸和弹性模量愈小，导热系数愈高，则与碳化铬－镍铬涂层的配对性能愈好。     

Comparison of the Wear Behavior of UHMWPE Lubricated by Human Plasma and Brine

The effect of plasma and brine lubricants on the friction and wear behavior of UHMWPE were studied by using the geometry of a Si3N4 ball sliding on a UHMWPE disc under patterns of uni-directional reciprocation and bi-directional sliding motions. The worn surface and wear particles produced in these two lubricants were analyzed. Sliding motion pattern affected the friction coefficients lubricated with plasma, while seldom affected that lubricated with brine. UHMWPE lubricated with plasma showed about half of the wear rate of that lubricated with brine. The two rates were 0.75 pg/m and 2.19 pg/m for the two motion patterns, respectively. However, wear particles generated in plasma included a greater amount of small particles, compared to that in brine. In uni-directional reciprocation, the main wear mechanism is ploughing both in plasma and in brine. In bi-directional sliding modes, the significant characteristic is ripples on the worn surface in plasma, while there are oriented fibers on the worn surface in brine.     

退火温度对7022铝合金干摩擦性能的影响

对7022铝合金的不同温度退火试样进行干滑动摩擦磨损试验,用扫描电镜、显微硬度测试仪和三维形貌仪分析各试样的磨损机制.结果表明,退火温度对材料的显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能有明显影响,退火温度在200℃时,材料显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能最好,此温度下材料得到完全再结晶,且晶粒细化;摩擦磨损性能随着显微硬度的提高而减小.塑变磨损、磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损为7022铝合金的主要磨损机理.     

Friction and Wear Behavior of GCrl5 Under Multiple Movement Condition

Friction and wear of GCr15 under cross-sliding condition is tested on a ball-on-disc wear test machine. This result shows that the cross-sliding of friction pair leads to different friction and wear behavior. For the condition described in this paper, the friction coefficients with ball reciprocating are smaller than that without ball reciprocating. The friction coefficients increase with the increase of reciprocating frequency.. The wear weight loss of the ball subjected reciprocating sliding decreases, however, the wear weight loss of disc against the reciprocating ball increases. In cross-sliding friction, the worn surfaces of the ball show crinkle appearance along the circumferential sliding traces. Delaminating of small strip debris is formed along the plowing traces on the disc worn surface. The plowing furrow on the disc surfaces looks deeper and wider than that without reciprocating sliding. The size of wear particles from cross-sliding wear is larger than those without reciprocating sliding.