改善双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性研究

本文通过测定不同类别单一的阴、非离子表面活性剂及阴／ 非和非／ 非离子表面活性剂的二元和三元复配物对双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性影响,配制了以醚和酯型非离子表面活性剂二元复配物组成的ＳＳ－ ９９５ 高温分散匀染剂,不仅可改善双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性,而且对匀染性、移染性等染色性能亦有一定程度的提高。     

改善双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性研究

本文通过测定不同类别单一的阴、非离子表面活性剂及阴／非和非／非离子表面活性剂的二元和三元复配物对双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性影响，配制了以醚和酯型非离子表面活性剂二元复配物组成的ＳＳ－９９５高温分散匀染剂，不仅可改善双组分分散蓝染料的高温分散性，而且对匀染性、移染性等染色性能亦有一定程度的提高。     

涤纶纤维用分散染料匀染剂FZ-802的研制与应用

涤纶及其混纺的纤维、纱线、织物在用分散染料高温高压染色时,常因分散染料的匀染性差,升温速度快而造成染色不匀。为此,染色时必须采用有效的匀染剂。根据匀染机理,匀染剂可分为三种类型:1)载体;2)对分散染料有亲和力的表面活性剂;3)对涤纶纤维有亲和力的表面活性剂。用作匀染剂的表面活性剂有非离子型、阴离子型两大类。分散染料的匀染剂的匀染能力,是其移染性能、分散性能、缓染性能的综合反映。此     

大力开发环保型匀染剂

一、概述匀染剂具有缓染性和移染性,可有效改善染料的匀染性达到均匀染色的结果,从而提高染料的应用性能。在织物染色过程中根据纤维特点使用各种不同的染料,包括还原、直接、硫化、冰染、分散、酸性、阳离子染料以及活性染料等,各类染料用于纤     

提高深色羊绒摩擦牢度的研讨

深色羊绒摩擦牢度与纤维本身所合“杂质”有关，染色前，用合有替合剂和表面活性剂的水溶液进行前处理，用媒介染料染羊毛时添加分散替合剂，用Lanasol活性染料染羊毛时添加由异丁醇、苄醇、脂肪叔胺聚氧乙烯改组成的匀染剂可以提高摩擦牢度。探讨了染料的化学结构、染料的纯度、染料的提升力、染色后处理与干、湿摩擦牢度的关系。     

平平加O在羊毛弱酸性染料染色中的作用研究

一、前言平平加O是聚氧乙烯类非离子表面活性剂。在羊毛用弱酸性染料的染色中,平平加O是常用的助剂。关于非离子型表面活性剂在羊毛染色中的作用已有很多报道。Gawith在染液中加聚氧乙烯数不同的非离子表面活性剂,浓度为2.5～10％,用染物的K/S值表示染色程度,结果是非离子表面活性剂使染色程度降低。胡蓓弟等用5％的非离子表面活性剂进行了试验,结果降低了染料的上染率。上述报道没有涉及非离子表面活性剂对染色速率,特别是初染速率的影响。而在实际的染色中,非离子表面活性剂的浓度一般为1％左右,比他们     

阳离子染料匀染剂的合成与应用研究

本文对阳离子染料的上染特性曲线以及加入匀染剂TAN(1227)的上染特性曲线进行对比研究,合成了两种阳离子匀染剂十二烷基二甲基羟乙基氯化胺(LHAC)和十二烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵(LEAB),其匀染性能较为理想。另外,分别对阳离子匀染剂的复配物以及阳离子匀染剂与非离子匀染剂的复配物进行应用实验。结果表明,复配物的匀染性能都明显优于单独使用的阳离子匀染剂。从而为高性能阳离子匀染剂的研制和开发提供了依据。     

阳离子染料匀染剂的合成与应用研究

本文对阳离子染料的上染特性曲线以及加入匀染剂TAN(1227)的上染特性曲线进行对比研究,合成了两种阳离子匀染剂十二烷基二甲基羟乙基氯化胺(LHAC)和十二烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵(LEAB),其匀染性能较为理想。另外,分别对阳离子匀染剂的复配物以及阳离子匀染剂与非离子匀染剂的复配物进行应用实验。结果表明,复配物的匀染性能都明显优于单独使用的阳离子匀染剂。从而为高性能阳离子匀染剂的研制和开发提供了依据。     

非离子表面活性剂作用下分散染料对棉沾色机理研究

通过研究非离子表面活性剂结构和浓度对C.I.分散红60增溶量、分散体系的高温稳定性、C.I.分散红60的上染率以及染浴中染料残留量的影响,探讨了在非离子表面活性剂作用下C.I.分散红60对棉沾色的机理。结果表明:非离子表面活性剂用量较低(0.5 g/L左右)时,分散体系有较好的高温稳定性,此时非离子表面活性剂对分散染料的增溶量为影响沾色的主要因素,分散染料的增溶有利于减少其对棉的沾色;随着非离子表面活性剂用量的增加(≥1 g/L),染料的上染百分率和分散体系的高温稳定性降低,分散染料对棉的沾色加重,沾色等级降低到2级。     

谈谈表面活性剂的发展动向

一、国外表面活性剂的发展概况表面活性剂品种很多,比较常用的制品有乳化剂、润滑剂、清净剂、增效剂、匀染剂等。广泛用于纺织、造纸、医药、食品、建筑、矿冶、石油、农药、肥料、制革等行业。用量小,作用大,对增产节约,提高产品质量,改进生产技术等方面、都有一定的效果。从大的方面分类,一股可分为四类:阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂;在工业化生产和应用中,对国民经济都有着重要意义。     

聚酯纤维高温高压染色中助剂和染料对表面低聚物含量的影响

本文通过大量实验研究了聚酯纤维高温高压染色中染色助剂和染料对染色后纤维表面低聚物含量的影响。结果表明：表面活性剂能在一定程度上减少表面低聚物含量，其中具有苯环结构和聚氧乙烯醚结构的非离子表面活性剂中加入某些阴离子表面活性剂能增强其在高温下去除表面低聚物效果；分散染料的结构和性能对表面低聚物含量也有一定程度的影响。     

染料防尘剂的研究

采用特殊的脂肪酸酯进行磺化反应等,合成出一种易溶于脂肪烃油且对脂肪烃油乳化效果良好的表面活性剂。该表面活性剂通过与脂肪烃油混合复配而获得一种染料防尘剂。此防尘剂具有良好的防尘效果、乳化作用,储存稳定性、水乳液稳定性优异;用于染料中不影响染料的色光、强度等。     

Anionic dye adsorption characteristics of surfactant‐modified coir pith,a ‘waste’ lignocellulosic polymer

The surface of coir pith, an agricultural solid waste, was modified using a cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Adsorption of anionic dyes on surfactant‐modified coir pith was investigated in a series of batch adsorption experiments. Two anionic dyes, acid brilliant blue (acid dye) and procion orange (reactive dye), were used in the adsorption studies. The effect of process variables such as contact time, concentration of the dyes, adsorbent dose, temperature, and pH were studied in order to understand the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the process. The kinetics of adsorption obeyed the second‐order rate equation. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was found that modified coir pith yielded adsorption capacities of 159 and 89 mg/g for acid brilliant blue and procion orange, respectively. Mechanisms involving ion exchange and chemisorption might be responsible for the uptake of dyes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1538–1546, 2006     

木质素基表面活性剂研究现状

木质素作为一种天然高分子化合物，其来源丰富，可以用来代替石油资源制备表面活性剂，缓解当前石油资源枯竭的问题。常见的木质素基表面活性剂有阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂以及非离子表面活性剂。木质素基表面活性剂在工业领域具有广泛的应用范围，可以作为染料分散剂、混凝土减水剂、沥青乳化剂以及原油采集过程中的驱油剂等。木质素基表面活性剂的开发利用为生物质产品的高值化利用开辟了一条新的路径。     

固色剂的研究进展及展望

文章综述了固色剂的固色机理、固色剂的类别、及其发展现状和存在问题。目前,市面上的固色剂多是针对活性染料、直接染料或酸性染料等阴离子型的染料,而对于牛仔布常用的靛蓝类还原染料效果却不明显。根据固色剂发展现状及政策要求认为,固色剂将以水性聚氨酯型为发展方向,同时应当加强研究针对靛蓝类还原染料的新型固色剂。     

宜昌磷矿低温捕收剂研究

以高品位胶磷矿为研究对象,采用来源广泛且价格便宜的棉油皂脚工业品作主体药剂,在单泡管中进行了增效剂(阴离子、阳离子和非离子型表面活性剂)的筛选试验。结果表明:阴离子型表面活性剂(SDS、十二烷基磺酸钠、SDBS)的用量增加,胶磷矿的产率增加,具有良好的增效作用;非离子型表面活性剂(磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、吡啶)须控制用量,过量则增效作用降低。本研究还进行了验证试验,当pH=8、浮选温度为10～12℃时,SDS只需添加皂脚用量5%,精矿的回收率可提高30.68%,并能降低对温度的敏感程度,为胶磷矿低温捕收剂的进一步应用打下良好的基础。     

Soil deposition on shrink-resist-treated wool fabrics in the presence of anionic and non-ionic surfactants

The deposition behaviour of carbon black on shrink-resist-treated wool fabric, and on untreated wool, in the presence of different mixtures of anionic and non-ionic surfactants has been investigated. Two types of surfactant mixtures were studied; sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate and sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate were used as anionic surfactants and Triton X-100 as a non-ionic surfactant. An electrokinetic study was also carried out, under similar conditions; the zeta potential was obtained, which was related to the amount of deposition found. From these zeta potential measurements the surface charge density was determined.     

Supercritical carbon dioxide containing a cationic perfluoropolyether surfactant for dyeing wool

The phase behaviour of a cationic perfluoropolyether surfactant in supercritical carbon dioxide and its ability to solubilise ionic dyes has been investigated. This cationic surfactant was found to dissolve satisfactorily in supercritical carbon dioxide and was able to form micellar aggregates incorporating a small amount of water in their interior. Conventional anionic dyes such as acid and reactive dyes were solubilised satisfactorily in the cationic surfactant/water/supercritical carbon dioxide system. The surfactant was more effective in this respect than its anionic analogue.     

Emulsion polymerization of styrene: Simulation the effects of mixed ionic and non-ionic surfactant system in the presence of coagulation

A detailed model was developed for emulsion polymerization of styrene in batch reactor to predict the evolution of the product particle size distribution. The effect of binary surfactant systems (ionic/non-ionic surfactants) with different compositions was studied. The zero–one kinetics was employed for the nucleation rate, with the model comprising a set of rigorously developed population balance equations. The modeling incorporated particle formation by both nucleation and coagulation phenomena. The partial differential equations describing the particle population were discretized using finite volume elements. Binary surfactant systems, comprising sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as anionic, and a commercial polyether polyol (Brij35^®) as non-ionic surfactants, were examined with different mass ratios. Increasing non-ionic surfactant mass fraction in binary surfactant system showed the decrease of particle number due to intensifying the coagulation between particles. Broader particle size distributions with greater average particle size were obtained with non-ionic surfactant comparing those obtained with anionic one.     

油污-油腻性重垢金属清洗剂的研究

以价格便宜可生物降解的阴离子、非离子表面活性剂、助洗剂、缓蚀剂等复配制成固态状金属清洗剂,通过试验确定清洗剂配方,阴离子和非离子表面活性剂为25％～30％。试验验证该清洗剂室温下3min去油污能力大于90％,防腐性、防锈性能达到标准,具有较强的市场竞争力。