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采用不同粒径的纳米二氧化硅磨料对蓝宝石晶圆进行化学机械抛光(CMP).结合实验与量子化学参数的仿真计算,研究了磨料粒径对抛光后蓝宝石晶圆表面性能的影响及其材料去除机制.结果表明:在CMP过程中,纳米二氧化硅磨料与晶圆表面发生了主要基于磨粒表面羟基官能团与加工材料表面之间强相互作用的固相反应.提出了磨粒粒径影响固相反应强度的机制.纳米二氧化硅磨料在蓝宝石CMP中对材料的去除是机械磨损和化学反应共同作用的结果,磨料的粒径是影响两者动态平衡的重要因素.建议采用混合粒径纳米二氧化硅磨料来抛光蓝宝石. 相似文献
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山东蓝宝石在反射光下近黑色,无法适应国际上较通用的有色宝石品质分级体系.文章根据该产地蓝宝石的颜色特征,通过对比实验探讨最佳颜色测试方法,为山东蓝宝石颜色分级体系的建立提供理论支持.研究表明:透射法测试能更好地表征与区分蓝宝石的颜色.本实验根据色度学原理,以CIE1976Lab均匀色空间为载体,对透射条件下山东蓝宝石的颜色参数(明度、色调、饱和度)进行量化分析,为山东蓝宝石颜色分级体系的建立提供参考. 相似文献
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山东蓝宝石在反射光下近黑色,无法适应国际上较通用的有色宝石品质分级体系.文章根据该产地蓝宝石的颜色特征,通过对比实验探讨最佳颜色测试方法,为山东蓝宝石颜色分级体系的建立提供理论支持.研究表明:透射法测试能更好地表征与区分蓝宝石的颜色.本实验根据色度学原理,以CIE1976Lab均匀色空间为载体,对透射条件下山东蓝宝石的... 相似文献
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为了使广大消费者能更好地认识、了解彩色宝石中最珍贵的红宝石和享有"帝王石"之称的蓝宝石,对红宝石、蓝宝石(刚玉)矿的矿床地质、资源分布及开采利用历史作了简明的回顾和阐述.针对近几年来国际珠宝市场中红宝石、蓝宝石又重新成为主要畅销产品的趋势,介绍了泰国有关珠宝机构提出的红宝石分级体系,国际有色宝石协会将粉红色、浅红色宝石级刚玉归入红宝石中的规定,国际市场上有关红宝石、蓝宝石的供求动向以及在具有永久纪念意义的红宝石、蓝宝石的收藏情况等方面的资讯. 相似文献
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金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以增强其与树脂的结合力。通过化学镀的方法在金刚石磨粒表面镀覆一层不同包覆率的Ni-P合金层,并制成了固结磨料研磨垫。采用CP-4型CMP抛光和测试系统,分别对蓝宝石进行粗研和精研加工,探索不同覆镍量对固着磨料研磨蓝宝石性能的影响。结果表明:金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以改变其微观形貌:在实验范围内,随着金刚石包覆率的增加,摩擦因数、材料去除率和表面粗糙度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率为50%、精研在包覆率30%达到峰值;声发射信号呈现先减小后增大的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率50%、精研在包覆率30%达到谷值;粗研过程对包覆率的要求高于精研过程。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献
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Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969. 相似文献
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利用组件技术开发化工原理实验课件,给出了系统层、组件库层和应用层的架构划分。重点讨论了组件库的设计,给出了流体阻力这一典型实验的实现描述。实践证实,基于组件技术可以提高仿真实验的开发效率。 相似文献