H2O2处理H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3光催化降解有机染料

采用浸渍法将H3PW12O40负载在ZrO2-WO3上,通过H2O2溶液的敏化,制得H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)光催化剂。然后以光降解甲基橙为探针反应,对各反应影响因素进行了探究。在甲基橙初始质量浓度为5 mg/L,溶液pH=2.5,催化剂用量为0.3 g的优化条件下,光降解2 h,甲基橙的降解率达到91.2%,光催化降解甲基橙溶液为一级动力学反应。且H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)对罗丹明B、碱性品红和和亚甲基蓝也具有较高的光催化活性,降解率分别为70.0%、73.0%和73.5%。     

(C9H6CH2C6H4CH2C9H6)Sm催化MMA聚合的研究

文章以α,α’-邻苯二甲基桥联茚基钐胺化物(C9H6CH2C6H4CH2C9H6)Sm为催化剂,对甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合反应进行了研究,考察了催化剂用量、反应时间及反应温度对甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合的影响,并且用粘度法对聚合产物的粘均分子量进行了表征。发现α,α’-邻苯二甲基桥联茚基钐胺化物(C9H6CH2C6H4CH2C9H6)Sm对甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合反应具有较高的催化活性。温度降低,聚合反应转化率增加,聚合产物粘均分子量升高;催化剂用量增加,聚合反应转化率增大,聚合产物的粘均分子量下降;延长反应时间,转化率和分子量都增大。     

H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2-MoO3催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

探讨以H3PW6Mo6040/TiO2-MoO3为催化剂,以环己酮,乙二醇为原料催化合成环已酮乙二醇缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酮醇物质量比,催化剂用量,带水剂用量及反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响。实验表明:固定环己酮的用量为0,2mnl时,在n(环己酮):n(乙二醇)=1:1,4,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1.0%,带水剂环己烷6mL,反应时间60min的优化条件下,环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达78.9%。     

Eu（ClO4）3-C12H8N2·H2O-C4H8O3N2配合物的制备与表征

在95%乙醇体系中,以高氯酸铕、N-甘氨酰甘氨酸、邻菲啰啉为原料合成了三元晶相配合物,并运用IR光谱法、TG-DSC、紫外光谱法、荧光分析法以及电导法等手段对配合物进行了表征,推测出配合物的分子组成。     

H3PW12O40/TiO2-SiO2光催化降解甲基红

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO₂-SiO₂,用浸渍法将H₂PW₁₂O₄₀负载在TiO₂-SiO₂上,制得H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/TiO₂-SiO₂光催化剂。探究在模拟自然光条件下,光照时间、甲基红溶液初始浓度、催化剂用量和溶液pH对甲基红可见光催化降解的的影响。实验结果显示,在光照时间为15min.甲基红溶液初始浓度为15mg/L.催化剂用量为1.8g/L以及pH为2的优化条件下,甲基红的光降解率高达99.7%。光催化降解甲基红溶液为一级动力学反应。     

Electrochemical characteristics of electrospun La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ-Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 cathode

The poor activity of cathode materials for electrochemical reduction of oxygen in intermediate and low temperature regime (<700 °C) is a key obstacle to reduced-temperature operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In our previous work, the direct methane fuel cell exhibits approximately 1 W cm⁻² at 650 °C in hydrogen atmosphere without any functional layers when the electrospun LSCF–GDC cathode was applied into the La₂Sn₂O₇–Ni–GDC anode-supported cell, which is approximately two times higher performance than 0.45 W cm⁻² of the cell with the conventional LSCF–GDC cathode. For detailed analysis of the fibrous cathode, the symmetrical cells with the electrospun and conventional LSCF–GDC cathode are fabricated, and then their electrochemical characteristics are measured by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Each resistance contribution is determined by equivalent circuit consisting of a series resistance (R_s) and three arcs to describe the polarization resistance of the cathode. Total polarization resistance of the electrospun LSCF–GDC cathode is approximately two times lower than that of the conventional LSCF–GDC cathode at 650 °C, which is attributed to fibrous microstructures and large amount of pores in 100–200 nm. The results correspond to the difference in the cell performances obtained from our previous work.     

Al2O3包覆LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2锂离子电池正极材料

综述了Al2O3包覆LiNi(1/3)Co(1/3)Mn(1/3)O2锂离子电池正极材料的研究现状与进展,并评述了其制备方法和包覆改性;讨论了包覆改善该正极材料性能的机理;提出了这种正极材料的研发过程中的一些问题并对其未来的发展前景作了展望。     

PbBr2-PbCl2-PbF2-PbO-P2O5系统 玻璃性能研究

研究了PbBr     

La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.9Ru0.1O3/TiO2催化湿式氧化降解草甘膦废水

草甘膦是种广谱除草剂,草甘膦废水产量大、可生化性差。以钙钛矿型La_0.8Ce_0.2Fe_0.9Ru_0.1O₃/TiO₂为催化剂,采用湿式氧化(WAO)和催化湿式氧化(CWAO)法对草甘膦废水进行高效降解,并对草甘膦降解机制进行研究。应用XRD和XRF对催化剂进行表征,结果表明,合成的催化剂具有钙钛矿结构,但由于Ru原子半径太大可能没有完全进入钙钛矿骨架,导致CWAO反应后有微量Ru溶出。考察反应温度对草甘膦降解的影响,并对反应过程中C、N、P产物的选择性进行分析,结果表明,提高反应温度和加入催化剂有利于提高草甘膦转化率及对CO₂和P^3-₄的选择性,但反应温度过高不利于生成N₂,因为高温下NH₃-N更容易被氧化成N^-₂和N^-₃。在实验条件下,合适的反应温度为200 ℃,反应180 min草甘膦转化率大于95%,同时对CO₂和N₂有较高的选择性,分别为54.59%和19.40%。应用计算量子化学计算草甘膦分子的净电荷分布,结果表明,WAO和CWAO中草甘膦反应的断键部位为C—C键、C—P键和C—N键,而后中间产物再进一步被氧化为CO₂、N₂、 N^-₂、N^-₃、P^3-₄等。     

H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3催化合成丙酸正丁酯

以H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/ZrO₂-WO₃为催化剂,丙酸和正丁醇为原料合成丙酸正丁酯。探讨H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/ZrO₂-WO₃对缩醛酯化反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酸醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响,实验表明:H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/ZrO₂-WO₃是合成丙酸正丁酯的良好催化剂;在n（丙酸）:n（正丁醇）=1:1.4,催化剂用量占反应物量总质量的1.5%,环己烷为带水剂6ml,反应时间45min的最佳条件下,丙酸正丁酯的收率可达85.9%。     

分解炉扩径的技术改造

我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

A study of miscibility of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure

The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure.     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

粉煤灰中烧失量检测的不确定度分析

以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。     

生物油的成分分析及物性测定

以添加FeCl2的ZnCl2-KCl混合熔盐裂解纤维素和秸秆,制得生物油。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法和气相色谱-质谱法分析生物油的成分。结果表明,生物油中成分复杂,含有氧元素、多种有机化合物,主要包括酮类、醛类、酚类及羧酸类等。测定了20～80℃生物油的密度和粘度,发现生物油的密度与温度呈较好线性关系,而生物油的粘度均大于水的粘度,且不同熔盐体系对秸秆生物油的粘度无较大影响。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003