玄武岩纤维及其增强水泥基复合材料研究进展

玄武岩纤维是一种新型无机绿色环保高性能纤维材料.综述了玄武岩纤维及其玄武岩纤维增强水泥基复合材料(basalt fiber reinforced cement-based composite)国内外最新研究进展,简要介绍了玄武岩纤维国内外研究进展,玄武岩纤维表面处理技术对界面性能的影响以及对提高复合材料整体性能的必要性,并重点介绍了玄武岩纤维增强水泥基复合材料力学性能研究和纤维增强机理以及玄武岩纤维水工混凝土及BFRP加固应用.最后对玄武岩纤维增强水泥基复合材料的发展研究方向进行了展望.     

CVD洁SiC纤维增强树脂基复合材料

本文概述了国内外关于ＣＶＤ法ＳｉＣ纤维增强树脂基复合材料研究的进展情况．ＣＶＤ法ＳｉＣ纤维与树脂基体相容性良好。这类复合材料具有优秀的综合力学性能，其高温性能也大大优于其它树脂基复合材料，是一种很有发展潜力的新型高性能复合材料。     

高性能纤维复合材料的研究及应用

高性能纤维复合材料是以高性能纤维作为增强材料,树脂作为基体,通过加工成型得到的复合材料,具有质轻、高强高模、抗疲劳、耐腐蚀、可设计性强、易加工成型等优异性能,得到广泛的应用。本文介绍了高性能纤维复合材料常用高性能纤维和常用树脂基体、复合材料界面和应用领域,并分析了国内高性能纤维复合材料发展存在的问题。     

国外高性能纤维及其复合材料在高速列车的应用

简述了数种高性能纤维的特性,并列举韩国铁道研究所和韩国纤维玻璃公司承建的CFRP车厢、日本新干线N700系列高速列车、意大利ETR 500和ETR 1000高速列车车头、法国国营铁路公司的TGV高速列车所使用的高性能纤维复合材料情况。最后,列举了国内外专利所发表的有关高速列车所用的各种部件的材料。     

高性能天然纤维复合材料及其制品研究与开发现状

本文分析了麻类纤维和竹纤维的性能,指出麻和竹等高性能天然纤维具有复合材料的性能特点,可作为复合材料的增强剂;综述了国内外高性能天然纤维复合材料及其是品开发应用研究的现状,指出了开发研究这类复合材料及其制品的意义;最后,分析了其市场潜力,指出这类复合材料及其制品具有委好的发展前景。     

高性能水泥基复合材料研究综述

本文以国内外大量学者的研究成果为基础,对高性能水泥基复合材料性能的主要影响因素,进行了归纳总结。结果发现,水胶比、胶凝材料用量、矿物掺合料以及纤维掺量等影响因素与高性能水泥基复合材料性能的有很大关系,同时通过本文的总结,也为后期高性能水泥基复合材料的进一步发展提供了很好的参考。     

高性能纤维及其复合材料的研究与应用

本文概述了高性能纤维及其复合材料的特点与分类,重点介绍了碳纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的基本性能及其在航空航天、交通运输、能源工业、体育用品、及防护领域中的应用现状,还简要介绍PBO、玄武岩两种纤维的性能和应用。最后对未来高性能纤维及其复合材料的发展进行了展望。     

高性能纤维及其复合材料与低碳经济

介绍了高性能纤维及其复合材料在推动低碳经济发展中的作用,详述了高性能纤维在能源开发及利用、节能减排、减少资源消耗等方面的使用情况,指出高性能纤维及其复合材料是推动低碳经济发展的重要支撑。     

水性聚氨酯的合成及其在高性能纤维复合材料中的应用

综述了水性聚氨酯的合成方法、制备原料及其国内外研究进展,简介了水性聚氨酯在对位芳纶和超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维增强复合材料中的应用。指出今后水性聚氨酯将通过复合改性方法来提高其综合性能,以期在高性能纤维增强复合材料制备中有更广泛的应用。     

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的技术与市场发展

本文简要介绍了世界高性能纤维主要品种——超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的基本性能和主要应用领域,重点归纳了十几年来国内外相关企业的生产、技术和行业发展状况,综合分析了国内外超高分子量聚乙烯纤维及其复合材料市场的供需趋势,指出了该种纤维行业具有良好的产业发展优势与前景。     

人造毛发用合成纤维研究进展

综述国内外专利报道的人造毛发用合成纤维的种类及性能,着重介绍了PVC基、PAN基、PET基和蛋白质基纤维作为假发原料使用时的优缺点,并针对其缺点提出改进方法,对人造毛发用合成纤维的发展予以展望。     

超细玻璃纤维在复合针刺毡上的应用

介绍了超细玻璃纤维复合过滤材料在国内外目前的应用状况,并针对超细玻璃纤维复合过滤材料制作的工艺进行简单的介绍,分析了超细玻璃纤维复合过滤材料的特点与应用。超细玻璃纤维克服了普通玻璃纤维的一些缺点,使其产品的耐折耐磨性能有明显的提高,延长了玻纤复合过滤材料的使用寿命。     

Multifunctional single-crystal tellurium core multimaterial fiber via thermal drawing and laser recrystallization

In the field of multimaterial optical fibers, the demand for high-performance single-crystal core glass-clad multimaterial optical fibers is increasing. However, the applications of single-crystal fibers are restricted by the complex fabrication processes and the slow growth of single-crystal materials. Here, a two-step method is demonstrated to achieve single-crystal tellurium (Te) core fibers with high crystal quality over the length of the fiber. This method starts with the thermal drawing of a fiber preform into polycrystalline Te core multimaterial fibers (precursor fibers) that are long and mechanically stable. A 532-nm continuous laser is then employed to recrystallize the Te core in the precursor fiber into a single crystal state along the entire length of the fiber. Experimental studies of these single-crystal fibers demonstrate that the single-crystal Te core fibers possess high transmittance (>90% at 2–10 μm) and high thermoelectric performance (ZT values from 0.03 to 0.13 at 300 K temperature). They are superior to previous reports and our previous work. This method works for fabricating various single-crystal fibers and has important applications in the field of optical fibers, functional fibers, and their integrated devices.     

创新推动高性能纤维及其复合材料制品的发展

主要介绍了碳纤维及其复合材料的创新与发展动向,包括主要企业最新动态,以及中间相与通用级沥青基碳纤维、其他原丝的低成本碳纤维、对位和间位芳酰胺纤维、碳化硅和氧化铝陶瓷纤维的最新创新动向和扩大应用情况。指出高性能纤维及其复合材料的工艺技术创新,体现在生产工艺的高效化、产品的高性能化和低成本化以及应用领域的不断扩大,其中各种助剂起着重要作用。     

几种纤维在增强混凝土中的应用

介绍了聚丙烯纤维、碳纤维、钢纤维和玻璃纤雏增强混凝土的基本性能,其中聚丙烯纤维有较好的技术经济性能,已在混凝土工程中广泛应用;由于碳纤维等后3种纤维有高强、高模和韧性,可用于次结构甚至主结构的增强或加固用。同时简介了国内外研究情况以及一些实际应用案例,指出今后有待研究的问题和研究的重点及方向。     

Achievement of high surface charge in poly(vinylidene fluoride) fiber yarns through dipole orientation during fabrication

Electrospun fiber materials are of scientific interest for use in multiple application areas. Charged fiber structures show enhanced properties as desired for some of these applications. One factor influencing the charge on the fiber structure that has not been explored is fiber alignment. Electrospun fiber structures, such as membranes, typically consist of randomly oriented fibers. Structural properties of the membranes such as mechanical strength are known to be affected by the random orientation of the fibers. It is suspected that fiber orientation may also affect the charge capacity of charged fiber structures. A few approaches to form electrospun yarns have been reported. Some of these approaches can also cause fibers to preferentially align along the yarn axis instead of assembling into a random structure. In this work, a rotating metal cone was used to collect Poly(vinylidene fluoride) electrospun fibers from which stretched yarns were drawn and twisted into yarns. The alignment of the fibers in the yarns was controllable to a degree that allowed exploration of the effect of alignment on charge. Long continuous oriented or random yarns of relatively uniform thickness were produced at a rate of about 10 m/h. The yarns were polarized by methods of heating, stretching, and poling. The results show that the fiber yarn formation process endows more charges to the fibers compared to the normal fiber membrane electrospinning and post polarization. This provides a facile route for the preparation of enhanced charge-functionalized fiber structures for a wide range of applications.     

光纤束光透过率影响因素

提高光纤透过率是目前光纤应用领域中的一个重要课题,通过分析光纤束光透过率的影响因素,得出了提高光纤束光透过率的基本方法,以提高光透过率这个衡量光纤束性能的重要指标,不断扩展光纤应用领域和应用深度.     

Understanding the relation between structural and mechanical properties of electrospun fiber mesh through uniaxial tensile testing

Polymeric electrospun fibers have the potential to be utilized for a variety of applications such as tissue engineering, filtration, and textiles, owing to their high surface area per unit mass. However, these applications have some form of dependency on the mechanical properties of fiber meshes. Therefore, the current study is aimed at understanding the mechanical behavior of electrospun fiber systems at different length scales in order to establish a correlation between their structure and mechanical properties. Micro‐/nano‐fiber meshes of polystyrene were fabricated by the process of electrospinning and were subjected to uniaxial tensile testing. High‐resolution imaging during tensile testing revealed the macroscopic and microscopic structural evolution of these fibers. Further, the dependence of tensile strength, % elongation, and toughness of fiber meshes on the orientation of the fibers were also experimentally observed. The continuum mechanics simulation studies of fiber meshes with different orientations corroborated well with these experimental studies. Comprehensively, these studies demonstrated the changes in mechanical behavior of electrospun fiber meshes owing to the reorientation and alignment of fibers in meshes at microscopic and macroscopic length scale during tensile testing. Such study can be extrapolate for the design and fabrication of load‐bearing tissues scaffolds, and filtration devices. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45012.     

含氟纤维的制备,特性和应用

含氟纤维已上市的约有８种，大都具有耐热性、耐药品性、非粘着性、疏水性、低摩耗性、电绝缘性等，其中用的较多的是聚四氟乙烯（ＰＴＦＥ）纤维、四氟乙烯－六氟丙烯共聚纤维（ＦＥＰ）、四氟乙烯－全氟烷氧基乙烯共聚纤维（ＰＦＡ）和乙烯－甲氟乙烯共聚纤维（ＥＴＦＥ）。其制备有一定难度，一般采用乳液纺丝、薄膜切割、糊料纺丝、熔融挤出和湿法纺丝等方法。用途有各种各样织物或编织物的衣料、体育用品、建筑装饰、医疗用品和     

非织造布与化纤原料

综述了非织造布与化纤原料的关系。重点探讨了三维卷曲中空纤维、超吸湿纤维、ＥＳ纤维、低熔点纤维和柔软型纤维、复合纤维、超细纤维等差别化纤维及ＰＰＴＡ、ＰＭＩＡ、ＰＩ、ＰＢＩ、ＣＦ、Ｋｙｎｏｌ、ＰＴＦＥ等特种纤维在非织造布领域中的应用。