孔板波纹填料塔及结构设计

孔板波纹填料塔，作为一种高效填料塔正受到广泛重视，文中首先比较了几种塔盘的性能，然后探讨了孔板波纹填料塔的结构设计，并指出了其应用前景。     

大颗粒尿素洗涤塔的计算与分析

结合某厂大颗粒尿素洗涤塔技术改造的工艺要求，介绍了洗涤塔设计方案的选择论证过程，提出了板波纹规整填料和大孔穿流筛板的组合式设计方案，对不同规格的规整填料和塔板参数选择进行了对比和讨论，结果表明，板波填料采用3m高的125Y型，塔板采用板上无液层的大孔穿流筛板是理想的组合。     

丙烯精馏塔智能控制系统设计及应用

针对乙烯生产装置丙烯精馏塔的工艺特征和操作特点,利用支持向量机在小样本数据建模中的优势,提出一种基于支持向量机丙烯浓度软测量技术,解决了塔釜建模数据样本少的问题,实现了塔釜丙烯浓度在线测量。在上述软测量系统的基础上,设计了丙烯浓度智能控制系统。该系统采用模糊PID作为丙烯浓度控制器,其输出量作为灵敏板温度控制器的设定值,与灵敏板温度控制构成串级调节系统,同时为了克服进料量对灵敏板温度造成的干扰,设计了进料流量前馈控制器。丙烯浓度智能控制系统对塔釜丙烯指标进行实时控制,提高了塔釜丙烯浓度的控制平稳度,解决了塔釜丙烯浓度超标问题。现场应用效果表明,该丙烯浓度软测量系统测量精度高,控制系统可以有效控制塔釜丙烯浓度,取得了良好的控制效果,满足了工业现场运行的需要。     

波纹填料塔的工业应用综述

填料塔是应用广泛的分离设备，填料是填料塔的核心构件，是决定填料塔性能的主要因素。新型高效填料的不断出现，迅速扩大了填料塔的应用范围。本文综述了丝网波纹填料在甲醇制取丙烯工艺、胶清胶生产中的脱氨工艺和邻苯二甲酸酐精馏中的应用，以及板波纹填料在二氧化碳的吸收、丙烯酸精制、延迟焦化新工艺、稀硝酸生产、烷基苯精馏和四氟乙烯提纯等生产过程中的应用及效果分析。新型高效填料的应用对于节能降耗、提升产品质量有较大的影响，可以为企业带来的较大的综合效益。     

规整填料在铜洗塔改造中的应用

以高效不锈钢孔板波纹为代表的规整填料，由于其通量、压降、接触面及分离效率等主要技术指标均大大优于传统的塔板和散堆填料，因此，近年来在国内化肥生产企业节能增产降耗改造中，特别是在气体净化设备（如脱硫塔、脱碳塔、饱和热水塔等）的改造中得到了广泛应用。铜洗塔虽然是在高压下操作，但因为塔内进行的仍然是气液传质和传热过程，所以仍然可应用板波规整填料。目前，国内宁波远东化工科技有限公司已有成功的改造经验。顺昌富宝实业有限公司在铜塔的技术改造中，采用宁波远东化工科技有限公司生产的金属孔板波纹规整填料，投产运行后，取得了显著的经济效益。     

一种传质塔盘

<正>本发明涉及一种传质塔盘,包括拱形塔盘板和规整填料。所述拱形塔盘板顶部封闭,下部敞开,内部形成一个气液通道,气液通道的端头、端尾及中部设有封板;多块拱形塔盘板并排连接构成塔盘整体,所述规整填料设置在相邻拱形塔盘板之间。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:① 使气液混合相在拱形塔盘板的气液通道内更好的混合,传质效果大幅度提高,气液混合相从拱形塔盘板流出后经过填料层解决了雾沫夹带的问题;② 拱形塔盘板可实现自支撑,下部不需要单独的支撑,节省     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

合成聚酯填料塔的理论塔板数的微机计算

在微机辅助下，使用Ｆｅｎｓｋｅ方程和逐板计算法，求得在指定分离要求下填料塔的最少理论板数与理论塔板数分别为４块与６块，为填料塔提供了设计参数。     

板波纹填料铜洗塔的设计及应用

本文通过对铜洗塔的技术改造,系统介绍了规整板波纹填料塔的设计设计方法及步骤,主要包括过程工艺计算、流体力学核算和塔内件结构设施。实践证明,应用新型塔内件的高效规整填料塔技术改造铜洗塔,效果良好。     

脱硫塔木格脱脂

在改良A.D.A法脱硫中,为了减轻脱硫塔填料硫堵问题,近年来很多厂采用了新的塔型,如采用下部空塔上部填料的塔型结构,增加木格填料的板间距离,以延长填料使用时间等。但脱硫系统原始开车及木格更新时,都必须进行木格脱脂处理。木格填料中含有松节油(松木)和大量     

萃取塔设备研究和应用的若干新进展

溶剂萃取是一种重要的化工分离技术,在湿法冶金、原子能化工、石油化工等领域有着广泛的应用。萃取塔优点突出但设计放大困难。本文介绍了国外萃取塔数学模型和设计放大研究概况及其最新进展,并较详细地介绍了我国萃取塔设备的研究、创新和应用。鉴于脉冲筛板塔在核工业中的重要地位,着重介绍了在汪家鼎先生指导下所进行的脉冲筛板塔两相流体力学、纵向返混和传质特性等方面的系统研究工作,指出所形成的以特性速度进行塔径放大和考虑纵向混合的按基本原理进行脉冲筛板萃取塔放大设计的体系具有重要的普遍意义。所创制的"分散-聚并型"脉冲筛板塔性能优越,已在大型工业装置中得到成功的应用。也介绍了在我国广泛应用的转盘萃取塔、填料萃取塔和脉冲填料萃取塔的研究、创新和应用情况。其中在理论研究基础上创制的新型转盘萃取塔(NRDC)、内弯弧形筋片扁环填料(SMR)和挠性梅花扁环填料(PFMR)性能优良,推广应用效果显著。     

EFFICIENCY CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHOICE BETWEEN TRAYS AND PACKINGS

Mass transfer efficiency models for plate and packed columns in distillation applications were examined. The influence of operating conditions, hardware parameters and physical properties on the height equivalent of a theoretical plate (HETP) were investigated. Recommendations on the choice of packings or trays were developed for different cases to maximize column efficiency. Some inconsistencies in the efficiency models for plate and packed columns reported in the literature were also discussed.     

COMPARISON OF HYDRODYNAMIC AND MASS TRANSFER PERFORMANCE OF SMR,RASCHIG RING AND PULSED PERFORATED PLATE COLUMN

ABSTRACT

Cyanex 923 has been proposed as an extractant for the removal of sulphuric acid from copper tank house bleed streams. This process requires many stages and so is ideal for column operation. This paper presents a comparison between three types of column for this service. The new SMR packing marketed by Glitsch is the first packing developed specifically for liquid-liquid extraction service and is compared with a column packed with Raschig rings and a pulsed perforated plate column.     

Separation performance investigation of packed distillation columns using simple NEQ approach based on packing multicomponent efficiencies and effective mass transfer coefficients

A simple non-equilibrium modeling approach is proposed to simulate multicomponent distillation process in packed columns. The real behavior of the column is simply considered by the evaluation of interphase mass transfer rate based on the overall mass transfer coefficient. Two distinct methods are used to calculate this overall coefficient including the effective mass transfer coefficient method and the packing efficiency method. The modelling procedure consists of an iterative segment-wise algorithm implemented in a MATLAB home-code. For verification, the obtained composition profiles from a structured and a random packed column are compared with reported experimental data. Comparisons show that the packing efficiency-based model could acceptably predict the experimental profiles with an average relative deviation of 18% and 25% for structured and random packed columns, respectively. This confirms that our simple non-equilibrium approach is a reliable and robust model for the performance evaluation of packed columns.     

金属板波填料液流分布的研究

根据金属板波填料的结构,建立其液流分布模型.在φ500mm和φ200mm塔内,实测了6.3型和4.5型不锈钢板波填料的液流分布.结果表明:模型值与实测值基本相符.对不同填料在相同条件下的实测证明:金属板波填料的液流分布性能,优于拉西环、鲍尔环和阶梯环.文中就气液负荷和喷淋装置等因素的影响作了讨论,并提出了分布器喷淋点密度的推荐范围.     

三十万吨乙烯引进装置汽油分离塔改造建议

通过对国内同类三十万吨乙烯装置开车、生产中汽油分离塔产生的问题进行调研,讨论了开车阶段易产生液泛的原因。对总厂汽油分离塔提出增建中段外回流取热和将板式塔改为填料塔的建议,经实施后效果明显。     

PERFORMANCE OF ABSORPTION AND DISTILLATION COLUMNS IN A LUNAR ENVIRONMENT

The establishment of a permanent lunar base will employ separation processes that may be conducive to column operation. Reclamation of precious bodily fluids and products from chemical manufacture will be a part of routine necessity. The lunar environment, with reduced gravity and pressure, will offer some intriguing possibilities for operation such as vacuum distillation. The area for plate and packed columns will need to be increased in order to compensate for the reduction of gravitational forces responsible for moving the fluids. Plate efficiencies, hence column height, can increase or decrease, depending on the choice of scaling criteria applied to the plate geometry. Packed column height remains almost independent of gravity.     

Modeling and simulation of a nitric acid recovery process

A nitric acid recovery process using composite distillation columns was modeled and simulated. The composite distillation columns consist of a multistage vacuum tower and an atmospheric pressure tower half of which consists of packed bed. The vacuum tower and the atmospheric pressure tower were modeled by using equilibrium stage method and non-equilibrium stage method respectively. The required thermodynamic properties for nitric acid solution were obtained from correlations based on experimental data. Results of simulations showed good agreement with actual plant data. From the results of simulations it was found that the upper half of the atmospheric pressure column and the vacuum column, consisting of plate column, can be modeled using equilibrium model, but the lower half of the atmospheric pressure column, which are packed parts, can be modeled effectively using non-equilibrium model. The non-equilibrium model developed in the present study showed good agreement with actual operaton data.     

毛细管柱气相色谱法在洗油及工业苊分析中的应用

由毛细管气相色谱法对工业苊和洗油等高沸点、宽馏程的焦化产品的分析表明,由于具有塔板数多、分离效果好的特点,完全可替代传统的结晶点法以及填充柱气相色谱法等分析方法,可广泛应用于焦化产品的分析。