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分别采用双-[3-(三乙氧基硅)丙基]-四硫化物(偶联剂Si69)、离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐(BMI)、离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基氯化咪唑(AMI)对白炭黑进行改性,制备改性白炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料。研究改性剂对改性白炭黑/NR复合材料的微观结构、硫化特性、物理性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明:改性白炭黑的粒径明显减小,其在橡胶基体中的分散性改善,与橡胶基体之间的相互作用增强;改性白炭黑/NR复合材料的硫化速率加快,物理性能明显提高;与偶联剂Si69相比,两种离子液体明显提高改性白炭黑/NR复合材料的硫化效率和物理性能;随着应变和频率的增大,白炭黑/NR复合材料的储能模量从大到小的填料顺序为AMI改性白炭黑、BMI改性白炭黑、偶联剂Si69改性白炭黑、未改性白炭黑;AMI改性白炭黑/NR复合材料的综合性能最好。 相似文献
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分别采用不同分子链长度的改性剂乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、己二醇二缩水甘油醚和聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(PEGDGE)对白炭黑进行隔离改性,研究改性白炭黑对天然橡胶(NR)复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:与未改性白炭黑填充的NR复合材料相比,改性白炭黑填充的NR复合材料的t10和t90缩短,FL和储能模量(G′)减小,硬度降低,拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度提高;当改性剂为PEGDGE(回转半径为1.11 nm)时,改性白炭黑的粒子间距最大,分散性最好,NR复合材料的交联密度最大,G′和损耗因子最小,物理性能最佳。 相似文献
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利用稻壳灰通过溶胶-凝胶法制备稻壳灰纳米白炭黑,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射谱和扫描电子显微镜法分析稻壳灰纳米白炭黑的微观结构、组成和粒径,研究其作为填料对天然橡胶(NR)复合材料性能的影响,并与高分散性白炭黑Z1165MP和175MP进行对比。结果表明:制备的稻壳灰纳米白炭黑的纯度较高,平均粒径为40~60 nm;与白炭黑Z1165MP和175MP相比,稻壳灰纳米白炭黑在NR基体中的分散性较好,填充稻壳灰纳米白炭黑的NR混炼胶t10和t90延长,硫化胶的拉伸强度较高,0 ℃时的tanδ较大,综合性能明显提高。 相似文献
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一般来说,工业橡胶制品是用纳米无机填料填充的橡胶一纳米复合材料制备的。同时,这是一类软材料。软纳米复合材料使复合材料的用途正在不断扩大。在原料聚合物中,天然橡胶(NR)是软组分的选用材料。例如,重型充气轮胎(如航空轮胎和重型载重汽车轮胎)和抗振系统用橡胶支座就是由NR、适用的补强填料及交联用交联剂制成的。迄今为止,炭黑是一种橡胶工业广泛应用的补强填料,而白炭黑的应用迅速扩大,尤其是用于制造所谓的“绿色轮胎”。橡胶/粒状白炭黑复合材料在降低滚动阻力和生热方面优于炭黑。用白炭黑填充的NR已成为对环境无污染的“绿色”材料,因为NR是可再生的生物材料,且白炭黑的原材料在地球上贮量丰富,但炭黑从石油中获取,会耗尽。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献
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Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969. 相似文献
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利用组件技术开发化工原理实验课件,给出了系统层、组件库层和应用层的架构划分。重点讨论了组件库的设计,给出了流体阻力这一典型实验的实现描述。实践证实,基于组件技术可以提高仿真实验的开发效率。 相似文献