纳米Ce1-x(Nd0.5Fe0.5)xO2-δ固溶体的合成及结构表征

采用水热方法合成出Ce1-x(Nd0.5 Fe0.5)x O2-δ固溶体,通过XRD测试对固溶体晶体结构进行了表征分析及晶胞参数拟合,结果表明,当x≤0.2时,Ce1-x(Nd0.5 Fe0.5)x O2-δ固溶体保持CeO2立方萤石结构;样品粒度分布在11 nm～15 nm间,且随着掺杂量的增大,粒度逐渐减小.在CeO2中掺人小半径的Fe3+离子及大半径的Nd3+离子,半径不同的双离子掺杂引起了较为复杂的晶胞参数变化.TEM及能谱结果证明样品为结晶良好的纳米晶,固溶体中的掺杂离子含量与理论含量基本一致.紫外光谱分析表明离子的掺杂导致带隙吸收边发生变化,能隙先增大后减小.     

微乳液体系制备纳米BaF2和BaF2∶Ce3+材料

在CTAB/正丁醇/正庚烷/水微乳液体系,采用氟化铵和氯化钡为原料制备了纳米氟化钡和掺杂稀土的纳米BaF2:Ce3+材料。经SEM表征,BaF2和BaF2:Ce3+均为均匀的球形纳米粒子,粒径39 nm左右。XRD表征掺杂Ce3+后没有显著改变BaF2晶体的结构。荧光光谱分析,BaF2:Ce3+纳米粒子产生了300 nm～400 nm的宽带发射谱,峰值352 nm,半峰宽约60 nm。BaF2:Ce3+纳米粒子激发带在180 nm～320 nm之间,峰值285 nm。     

纳米La3+-Eu3+共掺杂CeO2基固溶体的合成及微结构表征

采用水热法合成La3+、Eu3+共掺杂纳米Ce1-x(La0.5Eu0.5)x O2-δ固溶体。利用X射线衍射技术(XRD)表征样品的相结构,并对固溶体的晶胞参数进行拟合。通过拉曼光谱及紫外可见漫反射光谱表征其电子跃迁性能及掺杂效应。XRD结果表明,双离子掺杂固溶限不小于x=0.30,样品晶粒尺寸小于20 nm,晶胞参数随着掺杂量的升高而逐渐增大。Raman光谱F2g振动峰的逐渐宽化及向低波数方向移动。紫外漫反射光谱表明,随着掺杂量的增大,固溶体能隙先蓝移后红移。     

钠离子对KNa4B2P3O13: Sm荧光粉发光性能的增强作用研究

通过高温固相法在硼磷酸盐KNa₄B₂P₃O₁₃基质中掺杂稀土Sm3+离子获得橘红色发光性能,研究了电荷补偿剂Na+对该荧光粉发光性能的影响,开展了粉末X射线衍射、红外光谱、紫外可见漫反射、荧光光谱、荧光寿命及量子效率等测试对材料的物相、形貌和发光性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,该荧光粉的荧光发射源于Sm3+的4G_5/2→6H_5/2（562 nm）、4G_5/2→6H_7/2（598 nm）和4G_5/2→6H_9/2（645 nm）跃迁,Na+的掺杂没有改变Sm3+特征发射峰的形状和位置,增强了其发光强度。Na+浓度为1%时,可使发光积分强度提高48%。此外,掺杂Na+对荧光粉的寿命和色坐标无明显影响,其色坐标均位于橘红色区域。      

微波辅助液相沉淀法合成Ca(MoO4)1-x(WO4)x:Eu3+红色荧光粉

以尿素为沉淀剂，采用微波辅助液相沉淀法合成了类球状双基质Ca(MoO₄)_1-x(WO₄)_x:Eu3+红色荧光粉，通过采用XRD、SEM、荧光光谱(PL)等现代分析技术对荧光粉的结构、形貌及发光性能进行了表征.结果表明，制备的Ca(MoO₄)_1-x(WO₄)_x:Eu3+红色荧光粉晶型完整，纯度高，为白钨矿结构；掺杂WO₄2-离子后，CaMoO₄:Eu3+红色荧光粉的发光性能明显增强，当WO₄2-离子的掺杂量x=0.4时，在395 nm激发下，在616 nm处的主发射峰的发光强度达到最大，掺杂浓度过高时会出现浓度淬灭现象.其较优的煅烧温度为1 000 ℃，煅烧时间为4 h.      

铈掺杂TiO2光催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯的及掺杂不同量Ce的TiO2纳米粒子,利用UV-Vis漫反射光谱及XRD等对所制备样品进行表征和解释,以高压汞灯为光源,甲基橙水溶液的脱色为模型反应,研究了CeO2/TiO2的光催化降解反应活性.实验发现掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子反射光谱特性向可见光方向红移到了500 nm;掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子比纯的TiO2纳米粒子对光的吸收率高、吸收能力强;掺杂的Ce4+仅有少量进入TiO2晶格中,而大部分的Ce4+没有进入TiO2晶格中,而是以小团簇的CeO2形态均匀地分散在TiO2纳米粒子中或者是覆盖在其表面上,说明掺杂Ce能提高TiO2光催化反应活性,且掺杂Ce量有最佳值.实验结果表明在TiO2中掺杂Ce的摩尔百分含量为2%,甲基橙起始浓度为20 mg·L-1,CeO2/TiO2用量为0.400 g,双氧水用量为5.88 mmol·L-1,pH值为6.4时,光照8 h,甲基橙的脱色率可达96.8%.     

白光LED用Ca0.955Al2Si2-xTixO8:Eu2+荧光粉的晶体结构和光谱特性研究

通过高温固相法在弱还原气氛下合成Ca0.955Al2Si2-xTixO8∶Eu2+(x=0～1.0)系列试样荧光粉,系统研究了Ti4+置换Si4+对其晶体结构和光谱特性的影响。Ti4+以类质同相替代CaAl2Si2O8晶格中的Si4+形成连续固溶体,随着Ti4+置换量的增加,晶胞参数a,b,c,γ和晶胞体积V都呈线性递增,晶面夹角α和β均呈线性递减。Ti4+置换Si4+对晶胞参数c的影响最显著,b其次,a最小。荧光激发谱为宽带,位于225～400 nm,可由280,322,353和382 nm 4个峰拟合而成,表观峰值位于351 nm;随着Ti4+置换量的增加,半高宽从115 nm减小到91 nm。发射光谱位于375～600 nm,表观峰值位于426 nm,可由428和458 nm两峰拟合而成并且随Ti4+置换量增加线性红移,Ti4+进入晶格对较长波长发射中心影响较大;Ti4+置换量为1.0 mol时,表观发射峰位从426 nm线性红移至430 nm,半高宽由66 nm增加至80 nm。随着Ti4+置换量Si4+进入基质晶格,造成Eu-O距离变小,使得Eu2+所处的晶体场强度增强,发光中心Eu2+的5d能级分裂增大,造成Eu2+最低发射能级重心下移,两拟合谱峰峰位均呈线性红移。     

稀土掺杂对仿金锂云母基珠光颜料的性能影响

采用加碱中和法合成La3+、Ce4+掺杂仿金锂云母基珠光颜料。利用XRD对其结构进行表征,并采用颜色仪、分光光度计测试颜料着色及珠光光泽。结果表明,La3+、Ce4+掺杂后取代了不同化合物的Ti4+,使得晶胞体积增大,导致所吸收光谱不同使颜料呈色性能不同,Ce4+掺杂对仿金珠光颜料效果最好,当掺杂量1.5%(质量分数),氧化钛和氧化铁晶相结晶性能好,使仿金颜料呈色更稳定,珠光光泽强。     

Ce在钼合金中的存在形态及其对力学性能的影响

实验研究了稀土元素Ce在钼丝制备过程中的存在形态以及对其性能的影响。结果表明,在通过MoO2粉末和Ce(NO3)3溶液的固-液掺杂、还原获得的Mo-Ce合金粉末中,Ce元素以CeO2形态存在;在烧结坯中,较大尺寸的CeO2质点分布于晶界,较小尺寸的CeO2质点分布于晶内;在丝材成形过程中,晶内CeO2质点逐渐变形为纤维状,晶界CeO2质点仍呈球状,未发生变形。CeO2的存在不但细化了钼粉,同时弥散分布在烧结坯基体中,起到了一定的韧化作用。对不同Ce含量的Mo-Ce合金而言,CeO2存在形式有所不同,导致其塑性有所差异。     

白光LED用LaPO4:Eu3+红色荧光粉的合成与表征

利用水热法制备了性能稳定的红色荧光粉LaPO4:Eu3+,同时研究了不同的Eu3+浓度、煅烧温度对荧光粉发光性能的影响.通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)来表征荧光粉的晶体结构和颗粒大小及形貌;用激发光谱和发射光谱以及荧光衰减曲线来表征荧光粉的荧光性能.结果表明:未煅烧时前躯体主要是六方晶相LaPO4·0.5H2O,煅烧温度在900℃时,所制备样品为单斜相LaPO4:Eu3+;SEM图像显示5 at.%Eu3+掺杂LaPO4呈椭球形,颗粒长约为500 nm,宽约为300 nm.最大发射波长和激发波长分别为592 nm和393 nm,发射光谱中592 nm和612 nm的发射峰对应的是Eu3+离子的5D0→7F1和5D0→7F2跃迁.其荧光寿命为3.32 ms.     

铽在硫氧化镧基质中的光致发光

采用高温固相反应法制备了La2O2S∶Tb3+、La2O2S∶Tb3+,RE3+(RE=Dy,Gd,Ce,Sm)荧光粉样品并进行了相关表征。结果表明,合成样品的晶体结构与La2O2S相同,为六方晶系;荧光粉颗粒的形貌多为长方形片状;发射光谱由494 nm、545 nm、587 nm、622 nm的一系列锐发射峰组成。研究发现Tb3+的掺杂浓度对样品主发射峰545 nm的发光强度影响很大,且在摩尔分数x(Tb3+)=0.02时达到最强。稀土离子Dy3+、Gd3+对La2O2S∶Tb3+荧光粉的发光有明显的敏化作用。     

Enhanced orange emission by doping CeB6 in CaAlSiN3:Ce3+ phosphor for application in white LEDs

A series of CeB6-doped and CeO_2-doped Ca_(1-x)SiAlN_3:xCe3+(denoted as CASN:Ce3+@CeB6 and CASN:Ce3+@CeO_2, respectively) were synthesized by alloy-nitridation method under high-purity nitrogen atmosphere. The morphologies, crystal phases, and luminescence properties were investigated in detail.With an increase in the concentration of CeB_6, the unit cell volume of CASN:Ce3+@CeB_6 slightly increases due to the substitution between ions, which leads to a change of micro structure around Ce3+. CASN:Ce3+@CeB6 efficiently emits yellow-orange light with a maximum emission intensity at around 550 nm for the content x of 0.01(being in comparable situation, CASN:Ce3+@CeO_2 is x = 0.04) when excited at460 nm. Compared with CASN:Ce3+@CeO_2, the red emission component of Ce3+ in CASN:Ce3+@CeB6 is much stronger. This is ascribed to energy transfer of intra-Ce3+(within one Ce3+ ion) and inter-Ce3+(between Ce3+ and Ce3+ ions). In addition, the replacements of N3-(0.132 nm for CN = 4) and O~(2-)(0.124 nm for CN = 4) by B~(2-)(0.140 nm for CN = 4), which can lead to a marked expansion of the host lattice and a decrease of the oxidation of samples, are also responsible for the increase of red emission component. Furthermore, CASN:Ce3+@CeB_6 phosphor has an excellent thermal stability because of the partial substitution of Ce-O(Ce-N) bonds by more covalent Ce-B. As a result, the outstanding luminescent properties of CASN:Ce3+@CeB6 phosphor make it practical to use in the single phosphor-coated high-color-rendering power white LED.     

Mechanisms of Enhancement of Photocatalytic Properties and Activity of Nd^3＋ -Doped TiO2 for Methyl Orange Degradation

Nd^3 -doped TiO2 powders were prepared by the sol-gel method. Their crystal pattern and parameter, the specific surface area, the surface chemical state of Ti and the ratio of O/Ti were characterized. The results show that Nd impurity hinders the crystal transformation, and decreases the relative intensity of (101) peak. The crystallite sizes of Nd^3 -doped TiO2 powders decrease while their specific surface area increase owing to the Nd^3 doping. The XPS measurement shows that the content of Ti (Ⅲ) and ratio of O/Ti on their surfaces increase significantly with the increase of Nd^3 dosage. The adsorption and photodegradation experiments show that the optimum molar content of Nd^3 is 1.2%.     

硅钛摩尔比对熔盐电化学制备硅钛合金的影响

为研究硅/钛摩尔比对熔盐电解制备硅钛合金组分及形貌的影响,以等摩尔比的CaCl2-NaCl熔盐为电解质,通过改变电解原料中硅/钛摩尔比,在槽电压2.4 V、电解温度700℃下电解5 h获得电解产物。结果表明,当硅/钛摩尔比分别为20、25和50时,电解产物均为单质Si和TiSi2合金,微观形貌分别为50~100 nm纳米线和50~200 nm微粒混合、30~50 nm纳米线和100~250 nm微粒以及粒径0.2~2.5μm的块状颗粒。     

Co-Precipitation Synthesis and Spectral Characteristics of Long Afterglow Phosphor Y2O2 S： Sm^3＋, Mg^2＋ , Ti^4＋

Y2O2S：Sm^3＋, Mg^2＋, Ti^4＋ phosphor was synthesized by co-precipitation method. The crystalline structure of all synthesized phosphors was investigated by XRD. The result showed that all synthesized phosphors had a hexagonal crystal structure, which was the same as Y2O2S. The emission spectrum and excitation spectrum were measured, and the effect of Sm^3 ＋ molar ratio on the spectra was discussed. The emission spectra of the phosphors showed three emission peaks due to typical transitions of Sm^3 ＋ （4G5/2→6HJ ,J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2）, and the emission peaks at 606 nm was stronger than others. With the increase of Sm^3 ＋ molar ratio, the emission intensity was strengthened. The excitation peaks were ascribed to the representative energy transition 4f→4f of Ti^4＋ phosphor prepared by co-precipitation method was Sm^3＋ ions. The results indicated that the Y2O2S ： Sm^3＋ , Mg^2＋ , an efficient long afterglow phosphor.     

Visible-Light Excitated Photocatalytic Activity of Rare Earth Metal-Ion-Doped Titania

Ｔｉｔａｎｉｕｍｄｉｏｘｉｄｅｉｓｓｕｐｐｏｓｅｄｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｉｎｐｈｏｔｏｃａｔａｌｙｔｉｃａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ ,ｓａｆｅｔｙ ,ｃｏｓｔａｎｄｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙ .Ｂｕｔｌａｒｇｅｂａｎｄ ｇａｐｅｎｅｒｇｙ(3 .2ｅＶ)ｆｏｒｂｕｌｋａｎａｔａｓｅＴｉＯ2 ｌｉｍｉｔｓｉｔｓｐｒａｃ ｔｉｃａｌａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｃａｓｅｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｓｏｌａｒｌｉｇｈｔ.Ａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ ,ｖａｒｉｏｕｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｉｏｎｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｃｏ…     

Preparation and luminescence properties of Eu²⁺-doped CASN-sinoite multiphase system for LED

A series of Eu2+-doped CASN-sinoite multiphase system with a formula of(CaAlSiN3)(1-x)-(Si2N2O)x were successfully synthesized by the high temperature solid-state method.The crystal structure and morphology of the phosphors and their photoluminescence(PL) were investigated.For the Eu2+-doped samples the PL intensity approached its maximum when the molar ratio of Si2N2O in the samples was about 0.15.With increase of the concentration of Si2N2O,the emission peak shifted from 645 to 605 nm.It was because the spectroscopic polarizability(αsp) became smaller with the increase of Si/Al ratio or the adding of O atoms,which caused the change of crystal field strength.In addition,the full width at half maximum(FWHM) widened with the increase of x value,which was favor of the improvement of the color rendering index.     

Effects of rare earth on microstructures and properties of Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2 nano-composite coatings

Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2 nano-composite coatings were prepared on common carbon steel surface by pulse electrodeposition of nickel, tungsten, phosphorus, rare earth (nano-CeO2) and silicon carbide (nano-SiO2) particles. The effects of nano-CeO2 concentrations in electrolyte on microstructures and properties of nano-composite coatings were studied. The samples were characterized with chemical compositions, elements distributions, microhardness and microstructures. The results indicated that when nano-CeO2 concentration was controlled at 10 g/L, the nano-composite coatings possessed higher microhardness and compact microstructures with clear outline of spherical matrix metal crystallites, fine crystallite sizes and uniform distribution of elements W, P, Ce and Si within the Ni-W-P matrix metal. Increasing the nano-CeO2 particles concentrations from 4 to 10 g/L led to refinement in grain structure and improvement of microstructures, while when increased to 14 g/L, the crystallite sizes began to increase again and there were a lot of small boss with nodulation shape appearing on the nano-composite coatings surface.     

Influence of CeO2 on scintillating properties of Tb3+-doped silicate glasses

A series of Tb3+-,Ce3+-doped,and Tb3+/Ce3+-codoped silicate glasses were synthesized by melt-quenching technique.Some properties of the investigated glasses were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),photoluminescence(PL),X-ray excited luminescence(XEL) and thermoluminescence(TL) spectra.The result of XPS revealed that both Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions coexisted in these silicate glasses,and energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ ions was observed under UV excitation.However,under X-ray excitation the XEL...     

Effects of Mineral Tourmaline Particles on Photocatalytic Activities of RE/TiO2 Composite Thin Films

The composite TiO2 films containing the mineral tourmaline particles and rare earth elements (T/RE/TiO2 )were prepared by a sol-gel method using Ti( OC4H9 )4 as raw material. The microstructure and forming mechanism of T/RE/TiO2 films were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effects of tourmaline on the photocatalytic activities of RE/TiO2 were determined by photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. The results show that the photocatalytic degradation ratio of formaldehyde increases by 44.2% with the composite films of Ce/TiO2 containing 0.04%tourmaline, more than that with the thin films of Ce/TiO2 under UV irradiation.