铜碲渣中碲的回收工艺研究

采用硫酸化焙烧—水浸脱铜—碱浸提碲—电积工艺回收铜碲渣中的碲,考察了NaOH浓度、温度等对碲浸出的影响,并对水解脱杂和碲电积工艺进行探索。结果表明,经过硫酸化焙烧、水浸后,铜脱除率为75%;电积产品碲纯度为99.90%,综合碲回收率约93%;金、银、铂和钯等贵金属进一步富集在碱浸渣中。     

桂花铜矿生产技术工艺研究

桂花铜矿已探明储量21万t，薄层矿体适宜民采，人工氧硫分选，氧化矿采用堆浸-萃取-电积工艺生产1^#电铜；硫化矿采用浮选工艺生产精矿回收铜银。     

银电解后液旋流电积处理工艺研究

针对银电解后液铜粉置换工艺存在的铜粉消耗大、流程积压、占用卡尔多炉产能等问题,采用"旋流电积(EMEW)—中和沉淀"处理新工艺,经二段旋流电积后,电解液中银离子浓度由83g/L降低至2.8g/L,铜离子浓度保持在14g/L基本不变,电积银粉纯度大于99.9%;粗银粉可返银电解造液工序,电积尾液经中和处理后直接送环保车间,中和渣可返阳极泥酸浸工序。     

铜冶炼电尘灰中铜回收工艺的工业应用

烟台恒邦集团有限公司铜冶炼过程产生的电尘灰中含有金、银、铜、铅、铋等有价元素,其中铜含量较高,但一直采取外售方式进行处置,未能对有价元素,尤其是铜进行有效回收。该文针对冶炼电尘灰中铜的回收工艺进行了试验研究,主要包括酸浸、压滤、萃取、电积工艺,并生产出阴极铜,有效回收了电尘灰中的铜,提取铜后的尾渣可作为提金尾渣综合回收系统的原料对冶炼电尘灰中的金进行有效回收,从而实现了铜综合回收工艺的工业化应用,实现了企业经济效益的最大化。     

银电解废液旋流电积试验

本文采用旋流电积试验设备对银电解废液进行电积试验,研究了废液A(银离子浓度为15.42 g/L)和废液B(银离子浓度为47.42 g/L)2种典型的银离子浓度废液的电积情况,结果表明：废液A以500 A/m²电积40 min, 250 A/m²电积20 min,可产出符合IC-Ag99.99标准化学品质的银粉,合格银粉的直收率达到79.2%;废液B以750 A/m²电积90 min, 500 A/m²电积40 min, 250 A/m²电积40 min,可产出符合IC-Ag99.99标准化学品质的银粉,合格银粉的直收率达到72.7%,银电解废液电积过程中杂质铜、钯主要随着银的逐渐贫化后开始大量析出;随着电积过程铜、钯等杂质不断析出,实现了电解液脱杂的目的,电积后液可返回银电解系统继续使用,同步实现了银电解过程的废水零外排,克服了在银电解废液中硝酸根处理难度大的问题。     

旋流电解技术在处理铜阳极泥过程中的运用

将旋流电解技术用于处理铜阳极泥处理中间产物分铜液和银电解废液,得到了高品位电积铜及电积银粉,电积银粉经洗涤浇铸后达到GB/T 4135-2002。旋流电解技术提高了分铜液中铜的直收率,平衡了体系中的杂质元素,贫液返回浸出降低了生产成本。     

对铜阳极泥进行处理以回收有价金属

本文阐述了埃及某铜电积工厂对富含铜、铅、锡和银的阳极泥的处理情况。推荐的湿法冶金工艺由两段浸出组成,即H_2SO_4-O_2浸出铜及硫脲-Fe~(3+)浸出银。提出浸出后的固体渣采用火法处理生产Pb-Sn焊接舍金。本文对漫出和熔炼阶段的影响参数进行了研究。     

降低湿法生产电积铜能耗的探索

浸出-萃取-电积工艺生产电铜过程中,主要生产成本来自原矿(原料)成本、电耗、H_2SO_4消耗。通过铜电积电耗、电积过程槽电压构成、电积节能措施等影响能耗因素进行考察,探讨降低湿法铜生产成本的方法,促进湿法生产电积铜技术的推广应用。     

从高铜氰溶液中电积铜和锌

用电积－部分酸化法从溶剂萃取法处理金矿贫液产出的高浓度铜氰溶液中的电积铜和锌,研究了电积工艺条件如阴极电流密度、电积液中游离ＣＮ浓度、铜浓度、电积的温度、Ｐ玫电积等对阴极电流效率和合金中铜含量的影响规律,确定了电积黄铜或粗铜的最佳工艺条件,获得了含Ｃｕ７１％的黄铜或含Ｃｕ９８．６％的粗铜,每电积５￣６ｈ需将电积液部分酸化脱去游离ＣＮ,电积和部分酸化交替进行可使平均阴极电流效率维持在６３％以上。     

铜电积技术的现状及发展

概述了我国铜电积工业的发展历程与现状,总结了铜电积工艺的成果与不足,重点评述对阳极材料、电积添加剂及其检测、电解液杂质离子除杂等的研究。     

天水金精矿氰化尾渣综合回收铜铅的试验研究

对天水金精矿氰楷尾渣 采用不脱药,不加热,不洗涤的优先浮施工艺流程回收铜铅,获得了合格的铜精矿和铅精矿;金银也同时富集到两精矿中, 综合回收的目的。     

铜阳极泥二次水浸分铜的研究及生产应用

以铜阳极泥硫酸化焙烧蒸硒渣为研究对象,试验研究了一次水浸分铜和二次水浸分铜对蒸硒渣中银浸出率以及分铜渣率的影响。试验表明:二次水浸分铜可以有效提高蒸硒渣中银浸出率,同时降低分铜渣率。经过一年时间生产实践,二次水浸分铜可以提高后续工序生产指标,同时创造良好的经济效益,具有一定的推广价值。     

Towards industrial implementation of glycine-based leach and adsorption technologies for gold-copper ores

The technology to selectively leach gold, silver and base metals from ores, concentrates, and wastes, using an alkaline glycine solution, has initiated significant interest in using the new technology in various environments such as in situ, in-place, dump, heap, and vat and agitated tank leaching. It has been shown that glycine acts synergistically with a number of other lixiviants to lower the net consumption of the other lixiviants while allowing low-cost glycine solution recovery. Glycine is a non-toxic, stable, environmentally benign reagent that is available in bulk industrial quantities. It has the ability to dissolve most copper oxide and sulphide minerals, as well as native copper, whilst not interacting with acid-consuming gangue nor dissolving iron and various or ubiquitous gangue elements. It acts synergistically with small amounts of cyanide to leach gold-copper ores at leach rates higher than either glycine or cyanide on their own, while significantly reducing cyanide consumption and eliminating detoxification requirements. The leaching behaviour of various glycine-based systems will be reviewed, followed by the evaluation of the adsorption of gold onto activated carbon. Where the economics merit it, copper can be easily recovered using solvent extraction or sulphide precipitation.     

加氯化钠焙烧提高含铜金精矿中金、银、铜浸出率的试验研究

提出了一个含铜金精矿加氯化钠焙烧（酸浸铜）－氰化浸出的工艺方法。对其工艺方法的条件和机理进行了研究和探讨。研究结果表明：加氯化钠焙烧可有效地提高金、银、铜的回收率。经不同类型矿样验证，银的浸出率提高30％以上，金和铜的浸出率也有明显提高。     

含砷银铜精矿中有价金属回收技术综述

本文分析了对含砷银铜精矿利用的技术方案,简述了对这一精矿进行的低温焙烧、化学除砷、浸铜以及浸银等实验研究以及取得的技术指标。     

A Review on Recovery of Copper and Cyanide From Waste Cyanide Solutions

The mainstream technology for leaching gold from gold ore is still leaching in aqueous alkaline cyanide solution. However, when copper minerals are present in the gold ore, high levels of free cyanide must be maintained during leaching because many common copper minerals react with cyanide, forming copper cyanide complexes that deplete the solution of free cyanide. This results in a significant economical penalty through excessive cyanide consumption and loss of valuable copper in tails. Environmental constraints controlling the discharge of cyanide from mining industry are being tightened by local governments worldwide. The solution chemistry of copper in cyanide solution and various technologies for the recovery of copper and cyanide from barren gold cyanide solutions were reviewed in the paper. Direct recovery methods are mainly based on the acidification–volatilization–reneutralization (AVR) process or its modifications. These processes are not very efficient for treating low cyanide solutions and high metal cyanide solutions due to their substantial operational cost. Indirect recovery technologies by activated carbon, ion-exchange resins (IX) and solvent extraction (SX) have been extensively studied. The basic principle of these technologies is to pre-concentrate copper (and part of cyanide) into a small volume of eluant or stripping solution. The copper and cyanide in the resulted solutions can be further recovered by AVR or similar processes or by the electrowinning process. Activated carbon is only suitable for use as a polishing process to remove cyanide to lower levels from those cyanide solutions where the cyanide content is already low. Compared to activated carbon, ion exchange resins are less easily poisoned by organic matter and can usually be eluted at room temperature, and selectivity for particular metals can be achieved by the choice of the functional group incorporated into the bead or by the selective elution process. Solvent extraction process developed base on guanidine and modified quaternary amines exhibit relative fast extraction kinetics and can be operated in a continuous manner. It will be necessary to thicken and wash the solids in order to produce a clarified feed solution while treating the slurry from operations using carbon-in-pulp (CIP) for the recovery of gold. Other copper and cyanide recovery technologies such as biosorption or direct electrowinning were also proposed, but they have still not found their way to practical application.     

从氰化液中萃取铜的机理研究

本文研究了氢氧化三烷基甲铵(转型的N_(163))—煤油体系从氰化液中萃取铜的机理。采用多种方法对萃合物的研究表明,铜以Cu(CN)_4~(8-)的形式被萃入有机相,萃合物的主要形式分别为Cu(CN)4·3(R_8CH_3N)和Cu(CN)_4·(ReCH_3N)_2(R_8CH_3N)。     

碘量法测定铜冶炼分银渣中铜

铜冶炼分银渣中含有较高含量的砷、锑、锡等元素,对碘量法测铜产生干扰,并且样品较难溶解完全。实验采用盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸-硫酸分解样品,用氢溴酸除去砷、锑、锡等干扰元素。控制溶液pH值为3~4,用氟化氢铵掩蔽铁,加入碘化钾与铜(II)作用,析出的碘以淀粉为指示剂,用硫代硫酸钠标准滴定溶液滴定,建立了硫代硫酸钠碘量法测定铜冶炼分银渣中铜的方法。实验优化了溶样方式、冰乙酸加入量以及饱和氟化氢铵加入量等条件。实验方法用于测定铜冶炼分银渣中铜,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.30%~0.85%;回收率为99.6%～101.8%。     

湿化学法制备微米级枝状银粉及其生长机理研究

采用抗坏血酸在40℃下还原硫酸铜制备微米铜粉,利用所制备的铜粉与硝酸银溶液反应制备出枝状的微米级银粉,并对枝状银粉的形成机理进行研究.通过SEM和XRD对制备的铜粉和银粉进行表征.结果表明:制备的新鲜铜粉为颗粒状,直径为3～10 μm,具有明显的棱角;制备的银粉为树枝状,长度为5～25.μm;而且当硝酸银浓度、硝酸银/铜粉摩尔比或反应温度较高时,更易生成枝状晶体,但当它们过高时,枝状晶体的二级结构变窄,三级结构逐渐消褪.枝状银粉的形成机理很可能是由于在铜粉表面具有高表面自由能的地方形成银核心,银粒子在此核心周围聚集,在非平衡态下,粒子扩散受动力学控制,自发聚集成高度有序的枝状结构.     

提高含砷铜金精矿焙烧-氰化工艺金、银、铜回收率的试验研究

提出了一种提高含砷铜金精矿焙烧-氰化工艺金、银、铜回收率的新方法。该方法是将金精矿加入硫化钠后进行焙烧预处理,可有效地提高金、银、铜的回收率。试验结果表明,金、银、铜的浸出率分别提高8．22％,57．43％,7．82％,且不影响制酸和电解铜工艺。