基于HHT的多分量LFM信号检测与参数估计

文中将Hilbert—Huang变换应用到多分量线性调频信号（LFM）信号的分析中：首先利用经验模态分解法（EMD）将原信号分解成有限个本征模态函数（IMF）；然后埘各个IMF进行Hilbert变换，获取瞬时频率、瞬时振幅，得到信号的Hilbert谱，该谱反映r瞬时振幅在频率一时间平面上的分布，从而可以比较准确地检测和估计各LFM分量的初始频率和调频斜率等参数。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于核主成分分析的EMD去噪算法

本文以超声回波信号去噪为目的,研究了基于经验模态分解（EMD）分解的去噪方法。分解过程中固有模态函数（IMF）信号与噪声混叠,还会产生虚假分量,提出了基于核主成分分析（KPCA）的经验模态分解算法。首先对原信号进行经验模态分解得IMF分量;然后对信号进行KPCA变换,将各分量获得的贡献率与阈值比较,最终以去除分量中夹杂的噪声。为证明本文方法的有效性,还给出了仿真实验的仿真结果。     

基于改进EEMD的穿墙雷达动目标微多普勒特性分析

穿墙雷达动目标探测中人的心跳、呼吸、手臂摆动等运动的微多普勒信号是非线性、非平稳信号,可以采用经验模式分解(EMD)对其进行时频分析。由于EMD分解存在模式混合问题,该文提出一种改进的整体平均经验模式分解(EEMD)方法,并将其应用于穿墙雷达人的运动微多普勒特性分析中,并且对分解后的每个本征模式函数(IMF)进行Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT),得到信号的时间-频率-能量谱。仿真数据和实验结果分析均表明,改进的EEMD方法不仅能够有效消除EMD中的模式混合问题,将人运动微多普勒信号中的不同频率尺度分解在不同的IMF中,而且还能够有效抑制原始信号中的噪声,提高信噪比,得到更精细、更清晰的时频分布。     

基于CEEMD和排列熵的SAR窄带干扰抑制方法

为了有效抑制合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统中常见的窄带干扰（NBI）,本文提出一种基于互补集合经验模态分解（CEEMD）和排列熵（PE）的NBI抑制方法。矩峰度系数法用于检测原始回波中是否存在NBI,对包含NBI的回波使用CEEMD将其分解为一系列本征模态函数（IMF）。计算所有IMF排列熵得到全局阈值以区分NBI和有用信号,并使用去除NBI后的IMF分量重建信号以获得良好聚焦的SAR图像。结果表明：所提方法能有效克服经验模态分解（EMD）带来的模态混叠问题,且干扰抑制性能优于传统频域陷波法及基于EMD的NBI抑制方法。     

基于脉冲相关性的时域增强EMD轴承故障诊断

为了提高低速动车轴承故障诊断的有效性,提出基于互相关原理对EMD经验模态分解后的信号时域脉冲进行增强。轴承故障信息呈周期性出现,所以经过EMD分解得到的IMF分量也含有周期故障脉冲信号。为了增强故障脉冲信号的信噪比,利用基于对周期信号的时域相关性对各IMF本征模态分量分别进行时域叠加增强,最后对IMF进行包络分析提取故障特征频率。实验结果表明对IMF进行基于脉冲相关性的时域增强能够有效地抑制EMD无法去除的噪声信息,提高IMF包络谱中信噪比。     

振动信号趋势项提取方法研究

针对某车载武器振动位移测试中存在的严重趋势项干扰问题,提出了基于经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）的信号处理方法.为有效提取趋势项,提出了一种新的趋势项判定方法.该方法根据振动信号相对时间轴对称的特点,通过比较各IMF分量与原始信号的均值判定该阶IMF分量是否为趋势项.模拟振动信号仿真证明了方法的有效性.最后对实测信号进行了EMD处理并最终重构了振动位移信号,与小波变换方法及一种定性的EMD趋势项判定方法进行了比较,结果表明提出的基于EMD的信号趋势项提取和判定方法有更大的优越性,有助于客观评价该武器性能.     

基于主成分分析的经验模态分解消噪方法

 针对非线性非平稳信号的去噪问题,提出一种基于主成分分析(PCA)的经验模态分解(EMD)消噪方法.该方法根据EMD的分解特性,利用PCA对噪声信号经EMD分解后的内蕴模态函数(IMF)进行去噪处理:首先利用"3σ法则"对第一层IMF进行细节信息提取,并估计每层IMF中所含噪声的能量;然后对IMF进行PCA变换,根据IMF中所含噪声的能量选择合适数目的主成分分量进行重构,以去除IMF中的噪声.为验证本文方法的有效性,进行了数字仿真与实例应用实验.实验结果均表明,所提方法的消噪效果整体上优于Bayesian小波阈值消噪方法和基于模态单元的EMD阈值消噪方法,是一种有效的信号消噪新方法.     

基于EMD的语音功率谱分析

提出了一种基于EMD的功率谱分析法,即先用经验模态分解方法(EMD)将语音信号分解成若干个固有模态函数IMF分量,而后对包含主要信息的IMF分量利用现代参数模型法估计出它们各自的功率谱。文中对不同情感状态下语音数据的分析结果表明,EMD方法能有效地应用于非平稳语音信号的功率谱分析中,可更细致的体现语音信号内在特征。     

极点均值型经验模式分解及其去噪应用

使用经验模式分解（EMD）对信号进行去噪时,由于EMD 本身会产生模态混叠,往往很难将噪声完全分离。针对这一问题,提出了一种新型的极点均值型EMD 方法,并且给予固有模态函数（IMF）一个新的定义。首先,将相邻极点平均以求得均值包络,然后迭代相减进而获得IMF。最后用原始信号减去分离出的高频IMF 实现去噪。随机信号仿真以及激光雷达回波信号去噪实验表明,该方法与EMD 分解相比,可以更好地将噪声分离,有效地抑制模态混叠,更可以极大地减小均方误差。因此,极点均值型EMD 拥有很好前景。     

基于集合经验模态分解敏感固有模态函数选择算法的滚动轴承状态识别方法

为了更有效地提取滚动轴承各状态振动信号的特征,该文提出了一种基于集合经验模态分解(EEMD)的敏感固有模态函数(IMF)选择算法。该算法对振动信号经EEMD分解后得到的固有模态函数采用峭度值、相关系数相结合的方法自动提取其敏感分量,以此获得振动信号的初始特征。再运用奇异值分解和自回归(AR)模型方法得到滚动轴承各状态振动信号的特征向量,并将其输入到改进的超球多类支持向量机中进行智能识别,从而实现滚动轴承的正常状态,不同故障类型及不同性能退化程度的各状态识别。实验结果表明,相比基于经验模态分解结合自回归模型或奇异值分解的特征提取方法,该方法可更有效地提取滚动轴承故障特征信息,且识别精度更高。     

An Algorithm of Voice Activity Detection Based on EMD and Wavelet Entropy Ratio

A new method was proposed to identify speech-segment endpoints based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and a new wavelet entropy ratio with improving the accuracy of voice activity detection. With the EMD, the noise signals can be decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then the proposed wavelet energy entropy ratio can be used to extract the desired feature for each IMFs component. In view of the question that the method of voice endpoint detection based on the original wavelet entropy ratio cannot adapt to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition, an appropriate positive constant was introduced to the basic wavelet energy entropy ratio with effectively improved discriminability between the speech and noise. After comparing the traditional wavelet energy entropy ratio with the proposed wavelet energy entropy ratio, the experiment results show that the proposed method is simple and fast. The speech endpoints can be accurately detected in low SNR environments.     

一种改进的基于EMD分解的超宽带信号消噪算法

针对低信噪比超宽带信号的消噪问题,提出一种改进的基于经验模式分解(EMD)的消噪算法.该算法首先对含噪信号进行EMD分解,得到多个固有模态函数(IMF)分量,然后选取高阶IMF重构原信号,达到消噪的目的.针对对UWB信号的IMF重构过程中阶数阈值难以确定的问题,通过数值仿真的方法,得到信号分量和噪声分量在不同阶IMF上的能量分布特性;在对所得特性进行分析的基础上,设计了一种数据自适应的阶数阈值选取算法,解决了EMD消噪中的阶数阈值选取问题.仿真结果表明,EMD消噪算法能够在较低信噪比下提供平均10 dB的信噪比增益,可以有效地对超宽带信号进行消噪.     

The removal of wall components in Doppler ultrasound signals by using the empirical mode decomposition algorithm

Doppler ultrasound systems, used for the noninvasive detection of the vascular diseases, normally employ a high-pass filter (HPF) to remove the large, low-frequency components from the vessel wall from the blood flow signal. Unfortunately, the filter also removes the low-frequency Doppler signals arising from slow-moving blood. In this paper, we propose to use a novel technique, called the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), to remove the wall components from the mixed signals. The EMD is firstly to decompose a signal into a finite and usually small number of individual components named intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then a strategy based on the ratios between two adjacent values of the wall-to-blood signal ratio (WBSR) has been developed to automatically identify and remove the relevant IMFs that contribute to the wall components. This method is applied to process the simulated and clinical Doppler ultrasound signals. Compared with the results based on the traditional high-pass filter, the new approach obtains improved performance for wall components removal from the mixed signals effectively and objectively, and provides us with more accurate low blood flow.     

噪声干扰环境下抑制EMD模态混叠方法

经验模态分解(EMD)作为时频分析的经典算法,已经得到广泛的应用。然而,其分解质量容易受到噪声等干扰的影响,产生模态混叠问题。本文针对经验模态分解中因噪声存在的模态混叠问题,提出一种自适应的预处理方法。首先对输入信号进行B样条最小二乘拟合,消除了噪声的影响后,再进行EMD分解。为提高算法的自适应性,提出了一种基于极值点出现时刻的节点选取方法。对线性信号与非线性信号的仿真实验表明该方法有较高的分解精度;与聚合经验模态分解方法(EEMD)的分析对比结果表明该方法能很好地抑制噪声引起的模态混叠。      

Seizure onset detection based on frequency domain metric of empirical mode decomposition

This paper explores the data-driven properties of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for detection of epileptic seizures. A new method in frequency domain is presented to analyze intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) decomposed by EMD. They are used to determine whether the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings contain seizure or not. Energy levels of the IMFs are extracted as threshold level to detect the changes caused by seizure activity. A scalar value energy resulting from the energy levels is individually used as an indicator of the epileptic EEG without the requirements of multidimensional feature vector and complex machine learning algorithms. The proposed methods are tested on different EEG recordings to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method and yield accuracy rate up to 97.89%.     

Edge Effect Elimination in Single-Mixture Blind Source Separation

Blind source separation (BSS) of single-channel mixed recording is a challenging task that has applications in the fields of speech, audio and bio-signal processing. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)-based methods are commonly used for blind separation of single input multiple outputs. However, all of these EEMD-based methods appear in the edge effect problem when cubic spline interpolation is used to fit the upper and lower envelopes of the given signals. It is therefore imperative to have good methods to explore a more suitable design choice, which can avoid the problems mentioned above as much as possible. In this paper we present a novel single-mixture blind source separation method based on edge effect elimination of EEMD, principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). EEMD represents any time-domain signal as the sum of a finite set of oscillatory components called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). In extreme point symmetry extension (EPSE), optimum values of endpoints are obtained by minimizing the deviation evaluation function of signal and signal envelope. Edge effect is turned away from signal by abandoning both ends’ extension parts of IMFs. PCA is applied to reduce dimensions of IMFs. ICA finds the independent components by maximizing the statistical independence of the dimensionality reduction of IMFs. The separated performance of edge EPSE-EEMD-PCA-ICA algorithm is compared with EEMD-ICA and EEMD-PCA-ICA algorithms through simulations, and experimental results show that the former algorithm outperforms the two latter algorithms with higher correlation coefficient and lower relative root mean square error (RRMSE).     

Speech Endpoint Detection in Noisy Environments Using EMD and Teager Energy Operator

Accurate endpoint detection is a necessary capability for speech recognition.A new energy measure method based on the empirical mode decomposition(EMD)algorithm and Tcager energy operator(TEO)is proposed to locate endpoint intervals of a speech signal embedded in noise.With the EMD,the noise signals can be decomposed into different numbers of sub-signals called intrinsic mode functions(IMFs),which is a zero-mean AM-FM component.Then TEO can be used to extract the desired feature of the modulation energy for IMF components.In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method,examples are presented to show that the new measure is more effective than traditional measures.The present experimental results show that the measure can be used to improve the performance of endpoint detection algorithms and the accuracy of this algorithm is quite satisfactory and acceptable.     

Research on denoising of joint detection signal of water quality with multi-parameter based on IEEMD

An improved ensemble empirical mode decomposition(IEEMD) is suggested to process water quality spectral signals in order to address the issue that noise interference makes it difficult to extract and evaluate water quality spectral signals.This algorithm effectively solves the problems of modal mixing,poor reconstruction accuracy in the empirical mode decomposition(EMD),and a large amount of calculation in the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD).Based on EEMD,IEEMD firstly preprocesses t...     

基于CM-OMEMD和小波散射网络的语音情感识别

语音情感识别（Speech Emotion Recognition,SER）是人机交互的重要组成部分,具有广泛的研究和应用价值。针对当前SER中仍然存在着缺乏大规模语音情感数据集和语音情感特征的低鲁棒性而导致的语音情感识别准确率低等问题,提出了一种基于改进的经验模态分解方法（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）和小波散射网络（Wavelet Scattering Network,WSN）的语音情感识别方法。首先,针对用于语音信号时频分析的EMD及其改进算法中存在的模态混叠问题（Mode Mixing）和噪声残余问题,提出了基于常数Q变换（Constant-Q Transform,CQT）和海洋捕食者算法（Marine Predator Algorithm,MPA）的优化掩模经验模态分解方法（Optimized Masking EMD based on CQT and MPA,CM-OMEMD）。采用CM-OMEMD算法对情感语音信号进行分解,得到固有模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Functions,IMFs）,并从IMFs中提取了可以表征情感的时频特征作为第一个特征集。然后采用WSN提取了具有平移不变性和形变稳定性的散射系数特征作为第二个特征集。最后将两个特征集进行融合,采用支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）分类器进行分类。通过在含有七种情感状态的TESS数据集中的对比实验,证明了本文提出的系统的有效性。其中CM-OMEMD减小了模态混叠,提升了对情感语音信号时频分析的准确性,同时提出的SER系统显著提高了情绪识别的性能。