干涉检测数据抗振动影响的方法研究

在光学元件的抛光阶段,通常采用干涉仪检测光学元件的面形数据,对加工工作提供指导意见。移相干涉术易受环境振动的干扰,获得的波前相位的干涉图信息不完整,难以准确给出光学元件表面的干涉数据。为了利用干涉仪检测数据给出被测光学元件面形上的各点准确数据,采用等精度测量消除随机误差的方法,对多次检测数据求取平均值以获取被测光学元件面形的准确数据。针对一块Φ1200mm口径的圆形光学元件的实验表明这种方法可以较为有效地消除检测中振动因素的影响。     

基于模数的干涉相位自适应中值滤波法

为了改善对干涉相位噪声的抑制效果而又确保有用相位跳变信息不被滤除,该文首先研究了模数滤波算法,并提出了一种基于最短子区间搜索的干涉相位模数估计算子对其进行改进,在进一步分析模数估计参数与相位分辨率之间关系的基础上,提出了一种局部相位中心随干涉相位质量自适应变化的中值滤波方法。该方法不仅克服了模数滤波导致的条纹边缘模糊问题,还解决了传统空域滤波进行一致性处理所造成的过滤波和欠滤波问题,而且具有较高的运算效率。最后通过对仿真和实测TerraSAR–X数据的处理和分析,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于离轴显微干涉术的单幅干涉图相位求解（英文）

提出一种用于测量微结构表面形貌的离轴显微干涉术。该技术的实验装置为一个优化的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪。其特点为参考波是具有一定载频的倾斜波。该技术中应用CCD记录离轴显微干涉图,并用傅里叶变换方法对记录的干涉图在傅里叶面进行频谱滤波求解相位。不同于经典显微干涉术,离轴显微干涉图的载频较高,仅需单幅干涉图即可得到相位信息。因此该技术在测量中具有防振、快捷有效的特点。利用一个标准微台阶以及微孔阵列的形貌检测结果验证该技术的有效性,同时与轮廓仪的测试结果进行对比,证明结果一致。被测物也应用Mirau干涉显微镜进行测试,实验结果表明经典显微干涉图干涉信息载频不足,仅使用单幅干涉图不能得到正确相位,该组实验证明了离轴显微干涉术相对于传统显微干涉术的优越性。     

用于圆形口径光学元件的功率谱密度检测

光学元件加工质量的检测和评价是保证整个光学系统安全、正常运行的关键.波前功率谱密度(Power Spectral Density,PSD)能给出光学表面的空间频谱分布,反映高精度光学元件加工质量的特殊要求.在总结现有功率谱密度指标基础上,提出由于圆形口径的旋转对称性,可以采用径向波前功率谱密度来表征圆形口径光学元件波前频谱分布特征的方法,并给出了采用三坐标仪作为测试仪器测量圆形口径光学元件的波前功率谱密度时相应的数值计算方法.     

利用声光调制器进行错位外差干涉测量

一、前言 外差干涉测量法能测量高精密透镜象差,表面形状和形变、振幅、速度等。其频率彼此靠扰的波前相干涉而产生一电差频信号,差频信号的相位与两波前之间的光程差成正比。山于信号相位与参考信号同步,因而测量精度约为2π/100rad。可用移动光栅、旋转波片或超声光调制器作为频移器件。 利用光栅的错位干涉测量法已在Ronchi试验中用于测量透镜象差。现在又提出了错位外差干涉测量法,它利用移动光栅使待测波前产生频移和空间错位。这些错位外差干涉计用于自适应光学元件中的波前校正和镜面的形状测量。     

单幅干涉条纹图的高精度波面重建技术

结合莫尔条纹、傅里叶变换和数字相移技术实现了对单幅干涉条纹图的高精度相位计算和波面重建.首先,用计算机生成与被处理干涉条纹频率相近的数字相移条纹图,与实际干涉条纹图叠加得到相移莫尔条纹图;然后,利用傅里叶变换、双频滤波、傅里叶反变换和相移技术得到干涉条纹图的相位数据;最后利用波面拟合技术重构原干涉条纹图对应的波面形状.研究结果表明,该技术不仅消除了干涉仪硬件相移产生的非线性误差和滤波时的频谱移中误差,高精度获得了单幅干涉条纹图对应的波前,而且简化了系统的机械结构.同时,对环境的要求明显降低,特别适用于生产现场的检测.     

基于光学干涉法的光学元件表面粗糙度检测技术

为实现光学元件表面微小粗糙度的精准、详细检测,研究基于光学干涉法的光学元件表面粗糙度检测技术。该技术采用基于集成光学干涉成像技术对光学元件表面干涉成像,通过改进的Niblack二值化算法提取元件表面干涉图像条纹信息,并基于节点迭代的去毛刺方法细化处理干涉条纹,利用最小二乘方法拟合干涉条纹,获取最小二乘拟合直线得出评定基准,建立评定表面粗糙度的高度参数和间距参数的数学模型,完成粗糙度检测。测试结果显示:该技术干涉成像能力较强,生成的光学透镜元件干涉图像弧度与边缘较为清晰,可有效去除干涉条纹毛刺,检测光学元件表面粗糙度时的真正类率最大数值已达到1.0。     

专利

美国加州Hughes Electronics公司的A.A.Betin等人提出一种环路4波混合相位共轭反射镜的设计方案。小型环路相位共轭器是由一个非线性元件、光电二极管和光学增益介质组成。非线性元件前表面透射光,后表面反射光。在前表面和后表面之间是非线性光学介质,信号光束入     

基于相位测量法测量透射式相位光栅的表面形貌

建立了一套基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的测量系统,获得了透射式相位光栅的相位信息并推算出光栅的表面形貌。给出了相位测量法的基本原理,运用傅里叶变换法和相位解包裹技术,对实验系统采集的干涉图的相位信息进行处理并计算出光栅的高度、周期和底角等结构参数。结果表明,该测量方法和系统能够精确地测量光学相位元件的表面形貌,具有较高的实用价值。     

光束波前畸变的模拟及其相位梯度分析

大口径光学元件的表面制造误差会使透射或反射波前产生畸变,这是天文光学系统以及ICF激光系统关心的问题.文章使用了一个随机相位屏来模拟光学制造误差导致的光束波前畸变,并利用波前相位梯度这个参数来对波前畸变进行定量化分析.介绍了波前相位梯度的定义和算法,通过数值计算得到了一维和二维波前畸变的梯度分析结果,并对不同畸变情况的模拟结果进行了比较.     

Data Integration for Medical Information Management

We present a new method for data integration and security by mixing medical waveforms and images with encrypted patient identifiers and unencrypted ancillary information, such as acquisition parameters, diagnostic comments and notes in textual, pictorial, and voice forms. We vary the sampling rate according to the instantaneous frequency of the signal. Redundant samples (or pixels) are eliminated and replaced by associative data which are labeled using a status string encoded based on the Huffman and run-length techniques. This method achieves both data compression and integration simultaneously, allows synchronized presentation of information from different sources by using multimedia technology, and provides data security features. Mingui Sun received a B.S. degree from the Shenyang Chemical Engineering Institute, China, in 1982, and M.S. and Ph. D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1986 and 1989, respectively. He was a Graduate Student Researcher from 1985 to 1989 working on signal and image processing projects. Currently, he is a Associate Professor and an Associate Director of the Center for Clinical Neurophysiology in the Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh, and a Director of Research at Computational Diagnostics, Inc. His current research and development interests include advanced biomedical electronic devices, biomedical signal and image processing, sensors and transducers, biomedical instruments, artificial neural networks, wavelet transforms, time-frequency analysis, and the inverse problem of neurophysiological signals. He has over 160 publications in these areas. Qiang Liu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Xidian University, Xian, China, in 1996 and 1999 respectively. He is currently a Ph.D. student at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. His further research interests include biomedical signal processing, medical imaging, and image/video segmentation, coding and transmission. Robert J. Sclabassi received the B.S.E. degree from Loyola University, Los Angeles, the M.S.E.E., Engineer in Electrical Engineering, and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California, and the M.D. degree from the University of Pittsburgh. He was employed in the Advanced Systems Laboratory at TRW, Los Angeles, and was a postdoctoral fellow at the Brain Research Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles. He was on the faculties of Department of Neurology and Biomathematics at UCLA until he joined the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Sclabassi is currently a Professor of Neurological Surgery, Psychiatry, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Psychiatry, and Behavioral Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Sclabassi has published over 400 papers, chapters and conference proceedings. Dr. Sclabassi is a Registered Professional Engineer.     

X-ray metrology for high-k atomic layer deposited HfxZr1−xO2 films

Hafnium-based dielectrics are the most promising material for SiO₂ replacement in future nodes of CMOS technology. While devices that utilize HfO₂ gate dielectrics suffer from lower carrier mobility and degraded reliability, our group has recently reported improved device characteristics with a modified Hf_xZr_1−xO₂ [R.I. Hegde, D.H. Triyoso, P.J. Tobin, S. Kalpat, M.E. Ramon, H.-H. Tseng, J.K. Schaeffer, E. Luckowski, W.J. Taylor, C.C. Capasso, D.C. Gilmer, M. Moosa, A. Haggag, M. Raymond, D. Roan, J. Nguyen, L.B. La, E. Hebert, R. Cotton, X.-D. Wang, S. Zollner, R. Gregory, D. Werho, R.S. Rai, L. Fonseca, M. Stoker, C. Tracy, B.W. Chan, Y.H. Chiu, B.E. White, Jr., in: Technical Digest - International Electron Devices Meet, vol. 39, 2005, D.H. Triyoso, R.I. Hegde, J.K. Schaeffer, D. Roan, P.J. Tobin, S.B. Samavedam, B.E. White, Jr., R. Gregory, X.-D. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 (2006) 222901]. These results have lead to evaluation of X-ray reflectivity (XRR) for monitoring high-k film thickness and control of Zr addition to HfO₂ using measured film density. In addition, a combination of XRR and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is shown to be a fast and non-intrusive method to monitor thickness of interfacial layer between high-k and the Si substrate.     

Hydrogel Adhesion: A Supramolecular Synergy of Chemistry,Topology, and Mechanics

Adhering hydrogels to various materials is fundamental to a large array of established and emerging applications. The last few years have seen transformative advances in achieving strong hydrogel adhesion, which is a supramolecular phenomenon. Two adherends connect through covalent bonds, noncovalent complexes, polymer chains, polymer networks, or nanoparticles. Separating the adherends dissipates energy through cascading events across length scales, including bond cleavage, chain retraction, and bulk hysteresis. A unifying principle has emerged: strong hydrogel adhesion requires the synergy of chemistry of bonds, topology of connection, and mechanics of dissipation. This synergy characterizes hydrogel adhesion to various materials (another hydrogel, tissue, elastomer, plastic, metal, glass, and ceramic) in various operations (cast, coat, print, attach, pierce, and glue). Strong adhesion can be made permanent, reversible, degradable, or on‐demand detachable. The development of hydrogel adhesion and its applications adheres disciplines, discovers interlinks, and forges cohesion. Discussed throughout the review are immediate opportunities for fundamental studies and practical applications.     

Metadata Design for Reconfigurable Protocol Stacks in Systems Beyond 3G

Global consensus on the next generation of wireless mobile communications, broadly termed “beyond 3G”, sketches a heterogeneous infrastructure comprising different wireless systems in a complementary manner and vested with reconfiguration capabilities, which support a flexible and dynamic adaptation of the wireless network and its spectrum resources to meet the ever-changing service requirements. For ubiquitous reconfiguration to become a practical capability of mobile communication systems, it is necessary to establish a global architecture for modeling, expressing, and circulating essential metadata related to reconfiguration, including reconfigurable device capabilities and semantic properties of protocol stacks. We outline the relevant standardization initiatives in the mobile domain, summarize existing work in reconfiguration-supporting architectures, and identify key shortcomings that may hinder the advent of ubiquitously reconfigurable systems. Further on, we point out some major limitations of current metadata standards in the mobile domain for the representation of capability information pertaining to reconfigurable protocol stacks. Next, we identify essential metadata classes in support of reconfigurable communication systems, introducing an associated object-oriented UML model. We elaborate on the design rationale of the UML model, presenting and discussing the alternative metadata representation standards and suitable encoding formats. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability of our UML model by applying our reconfiguration-supporting vocabulary in the cases of a standardized protocol stack of 3G mobile devices and stationary 3G cellular network elements. Vangelis Gazis received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. (Communication Networking) degrees from the Department of Informatics & Telecommunications of the University of Athens, Greece, in 1995, and 1998, respectively. He also received an M.B.A. degree from the Athens University of Economics and Business in 2001. Since 1996 until, he has been with the research staff of the Communication Networks Laboratory (CNL) of the University of Athens. He has participated in national and European research projects (MOBIVAS, ANWIRE) of the IST framework programme. He specializes in reconfigurable mobile systems and networks for beyond 3G, metadata and ontology languages, reflective and component middleware, adaptable services and open API frameworks for telecommunications. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Informatics & Telecommunications of the University of Athens. Nancy Alonistioti holds a B.Sc. degree and a Ph.D. degree in informatics and telecommunications from the University of Athens. Presently, she is a senior researcher in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications of the University of Athens. In the past, she has held a research position with the Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications of NCSR “Demokritos” in the areas of protocol and service design and testing, mobile systems (UMTS), open architectures, and software defined radio systems and networks. Her current research interests are in reconfigurable mobile systems and networks beyond 3G, and adaptable services, pervasive computing and context awareness. She has participated in several national and European R&D projects, and has been the technical manager of the IST-MOBIVAS and IST-ANWIRE projects, which have had a focus on reconfigurable mobile systems, networks an respective service provision. She is currently a member of the management team and workpackage leader in the FP6 IST-E2R project on reconfigurability; she also serves as technical manager for the University of Athens in the FP6 IST-LIAISON project, which focuses on location based services in working environments. Dr Alonistioti is co-editor and co-author of the book entitled “Software defined radio, Architectures, Systems and Functions”, published by John Wiley in May 2003. She has authored over 55 publications in the area of mobile communications and reconfigurable systems and networks. Lazaros Merakos received the Diploma in electrical and mechanical engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece, in 1978, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the State University of New York, Buffalo, in 1981 and 1984, respectively. From 1983 to 1986, he was on the faculty of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs. From 1986 to 1994, he was on the faculty of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA. During the period 1993D1994, he served as Director of the Communications and Digital Processing Research Center, Northeastern University. During the summers of 1990 and 1991, he was a Visiting Scientist at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. In 1994, he joined the faculty of the University of Athens, Athens, Greece, where he is presently a Professor in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, and Director of the Communication Networks Laboratory (UoA-CNL) and the Networks Operations and Management Center. Since 1995, he is leading the research activities of UoA-CNL in the area of mobile communications, in the framework of the Advanced Communication Technologies and Services (ACTS) and Information Society Technologies (IST) programs funded by the European Union (projects RAINBOW, Magic WAND, WINE, MOBIVAS, POLOS, ANWIRE, E2R, LIAISON). His research interests are in the design and performance analysis of communication networks, and wireless/mobile communication systems and services. He has authored more than 190 papers in the above areas. Dr. Merakos is Chairman of the Board of the Greek Universities Network, the Greek Schools Network, and Member of the Board of the Greek Research Network. In 1994, he received the Guanella Award for the Best Paper presented at the International Zurich Seminar on Mobile Communications.     

新一代MSTP的关键技术和发展方向

目前,基于同步数字体系(SDH)的多业务传送平台(MSTP)在国内已成为城域汇聚层和接入层的主流技术。为了进一步增强数据处理能力,更好地与数据网络结合,新技术和新功能层出不穷。随着通用成帧规程(GFP)、虚级联(VCat)、链路容量调整(LCAS)、弹性分组环(RPR)、多协议标签交换(MPLS)、自动交换光网络(ASON)等技术国际标准的相继推出,新一代MSTP设备将逐步采用这些核心技术,面对新时期城域网IP业务大量兴起,MSTP逐步从简单透传、汇聚、共享发展到带宽管理,具备面向数据优化的传送能力。文中对新一代MSTP的关键技术进行讨论,着重分析这些新技术在MSTP中的功能和应用,并探讨新一代MSTP的发展方向。     

Job schedulers for Big data processing in Hadoop environment: testing real-life schedulers using benchmark programs

At present, big data is very popular, because it has proved to be much successful in many fields such as social media, E-commerce transactions, etc. Big data describes the tools and technologies needed to capture, manage, store, distribute, and analyze petabyte or larger-sized datasets having different structures with high speed. Big data can be structured, unstructured, or semi structured. Hadoop is an open source framework that is used to process large amounts of data in an inexpensive and efficient way, and job scheduling is a key factor for achieving high performance in big data processing. This paper gives an overview of big data and highlights the problems and challenges in big data. It then highlights Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), Hadoop MapReduce, and various parameters that affect the performance of job scheduling algorithms in big data such as Job Tracker, Task Tracker, Name Node, Data Node, etc. The primary purpose of this paper is to present a comparative study of job scheduling algorithms along with their experimental results in Hadoop environment. In addition, this paper describes the advantages, disadvantages, features, and drawbacks of various Hadoop job schedulers such as FIFO, Fair, capacity, Deadline Constraints, Delay, LATE, Resource Aware, etc, and provides a comparative study among these schedulers.     

Students’ thoughts about the importance and costs of their mobile devices’ features and services

In recent years, handheld devices have become one of the fastest growing communication gadgets. Mobile technology is becoming widespread and research in this area is urgently needed. Using a survey instrument, the thoughts of male and female students regarding the importance and costs of mobile devices were investigated. It was found that students tend to consider the following features important: battery life, mp3 player, video camera, photo camera, storage memory, Bluetooth, design and elegance, clock, calendar, organizer and reminder. Also, they are eager to spend an amount of money so as their mobile device to support them. On average, both genders would pay extra money for such features. However, the majority of females think less of the price than males do. On the contrary, most of the respondents do not consider the following important: touch screen, voice commands, chat, teleconference, encryption and cryptography, common use of files, printing. Therefore, they would not spend any money for these features. Interested decision makers would try to increase their interest on such features. Moreover, all respondents appear to own a mobile phone while most of them do not have Internet connection at home. In general, some gender differences are found in the importance and costs of the mobile devices, but they are not statistically significant.     

A dynamic model for the assessment of the replacement of lead in solders

A dynamic, interactive map has been developed of the life cycle of a number of metals, from mining through to minerals processing, metal production, product manufacturing, recovery, and waste management. While the existing metal process network and waste management infrastructure provide substantial scope for (product) design, these also limit change because of the strong path dependency of industry and infrastructure development. Therefore, models for dynamic simulation were constructed that allow the specification and evaluation of the metal process network and waste management infrastructure “products” over a longer time span. The model has been constructed using a bottom-up approach, to enable assessment of the environmental aspects of metallurgy, and to simulate changes in the system structure and technology, i.e., from the reactor or individual process step up to integrated material cycles. This dynamic interconnected model is used to investigate the impact of the removal of lead from solders on the coupled flows of the metals Ag, Au, Bi, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sn, Zn, and PGMs.     

Markov-Based OVSF Code Assignment Scheme and Call Admission Control for Wideband-CDMA Communication Systems

For the reason of the orthogonal characteristic of the Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) code tree in Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) systems, code blocking increases as traffic load (i.e. Erlang load) or the required rate increases. This causes inefficient utilization of channelization codes. Hence, how to efficiently manage the resource of channelization codes of the OVSF code tree in WCDMA systems is an important issue and has been studied extensively. There are two aspects to achieve efficiency including code assignment and code reassignment. In the aspect of code assignment, an efficient code assignment scheme reduces code blocking probability significantly. In the aspect of code reassignment, code reassignment results in several drawbacks, such as large overhead of computation, high complexity of codes moving, and long call setup time for a new request call, etc. Therefore, in this paper we focus on the first aspect of how to efficiently assign the channelization codes. Additionally, most researches did not consider the analysis of tree state with dynamic traffic load and their analysis lack of systematic call admission control (CAC) mechanism. Therefore, in this paper, we first propose the Markov decision process (MDP) based analysis to assign channelization codes efficiently. Next, we extend the MDP-based approach as the call admission control mechanism to maximize the system revenue while reducing blocking probability. Furthermore, a bit string masking algorithm is proposed to reduce the time complexity of tree managing and searching for available channelization codes. Numerical results indicate that the proposed MDP approach yields the best fractional reward loss, code blocking reward loss, and code blocking ratio as compared to that of other schemes, including the random, left most, and crowded first schemes. Ben-Jye Chang received his M.S. degree in computer engineering from University of Massachusetts, Lowell, in 1991 and the Ph.D. degree in computer science and information engineering from National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan, in 2001. He joined the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering faculty at Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan, in 2002, where he is currently an associate professor. His research interests include QoS-based networks, QoS wireless networking, resource management for wireless networks and mobile cellular networks, and performance evaluation of networks. Min-Xiou Chen received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer science and information engineering from Tung Hai University and National Chung Cheng University in 1996, and 1998, respectively. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University. His research interests include wireless communication, SIP, and resource management in WCDMA systems. Ren-Hung Hwang received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA, in 1989 and 1993, respectively. He joined the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, in 1993, where he is now a full professor and the Chair of the Department of Communication Engineering. His research interests include Internet QoS, peer-to-peer infrastructure design, and 3G QoS. Chun-Huan Chuang received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer science and information engineering from National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan, in 2001 and 2003, respectively. His research interests include wireless communication and resource management in WCDMA systems.     

Comparison of Quasi-/Pseudo-Floating Gate Techniques and Low-Voltage Applications

The quasi- or pseudo-floating gate (QFG) technique addresses a key issue with the floating-gate MOS transistor technique, by using ultra-high resistances to provide dc paths to otherwise floating nodes. Several ways have been suggested to implement the quasi-infinite resistors (QIRs). In this paper, basic QIR structures are analyzed and compared, and three sources of error, dc offset, signal distortion, and signal-dependent offset, are defined. Then, through simulations and experiments, the suitability of several QIR implementations for use in various applications is compared. A particular QIR implementation is found to minimize dc offset, but requires voltage swings to be limited to less than a diode turn-on voltage. Some application circuits using quasi-floating gate are presented, including a QFG translinear geometric-mean circuit and QFG low-voltage fully-differential amplifiers with QFG common-mode feedback using several QIR structures. Measurements on current-mode QFG circuits exhibit large offsets and very long turn-on transients, which could limit practical application of this technique. Inchang Seo received B.S. and M.S. degrees in physics from Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, in 1988 and 1990. He also received M.S. and Ph.D degrees in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, in 2000 and 2004, respectively. During 1990–1997, he worked as a researcher at the Agency for Defence Development (ADD), Chinhae, Korea. His responsibility was design, development, and evaluation of underwater acoustic transducers and sonar systems which were based on piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and fiber-optic transducers. His main research interests involve low-voltage, low-power, high-precision analog and mixed-signal integrated circuit design including low-voltage wide-band DS data converters, precise bias circuit blocks, low-power charge transfer amplifiers and filters, floating-gate CMOS analog circuits, and quasi-floating gate analog applications. Robert M. Fox received the B. S. degree in Physics from the University of Notre Dame in 1972, and M. S. and Ph. D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Auburn University in 1981 and 1986, respectively. Since 1986 he has been on the Electrical and Computer Engineering faculty at the University of Florida, where he is an Associate Professor. Dr. Fox's research emphasizes circuit design and modeling for advanced IC technologies. He has worked on a variety of topics, including analog circuit design, cryogenic electronics, circuit design with SOI, radiation response of semiconductors, noise modeling, and modeling of transistor self-heating. Currently his research interests center on design-oriented analysis of analog integrated circuits, including low-voltage circuit techniques, design of log-domain circuits, analog test strategies and transistor modeling. Dr. Fox is a member of the Analog Signal Processing Technical Committee of the Circuits and System Society, having served as Committee Chairman and ISCAS Track Chair. He is a member of the Analog/Mixed-Signal Technical Committee for the IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting (BCTM).