一种用于低压防护的新型闩锁免疫双向可控硅

针对传统片上静电放电(ESD)防护器件双向可控硅(DDSCR)的低维持电压特性,设计了一种内嵌多MOS管的新型DDSCR。通过多MOS管组成的旁路通路进行分流,能够增强反偏结电场,从而提高器件抗闩锁能力。基于TCAD进行仿真,模拟TLP测试结果表明,与NLVT_DDSCR相比,新型器件的触发电压基本保持不变,维持电压从3.50 V提高到5.06 V,通过拉长关键尺寸D5,可将器件维持电压进一步提高到6.02 V,适用于电源轨为5 V的低压芯片防护。     

用于高压ESD保护的双向LDMOS_SCR结构

基于横向双扩散金属氧化物半导体(LDMOS)的可控硅结构(LDMOS_SCR)因其较强的单位面积电流处理能力和出色的高压特性,通常用于高压下的静电防护。通过将原本浮空的漏极N+分割为对称的P+、N+和P+结构,提出了一种基于LDMOS_SCR的双向防护器件。该器件具有低触发和高维持电压。通过降低形成在栅极区域底部的寄生双极晶体管的发射极注入效率,减少了SCR固有的正反馈增益。基于TCAD进行仿真,实验结果表明,与传统的LDMOS_DDSCR相比,新型器件的触发电压从69.6 V降到48.5 V,维持电压从14.9 V提高到17 V,证明了提出的结构与传统LDMOS_DDSCR器件相比具有出色的抗闩锁能力     

一种防闩锁的多嵌入阱SCR ESD器件

针对高压BCD工艺使用SCR器件ESD保护时面临的高触发电压与低维持电压之间的矛盾,设计了一种多嵌入阱可控硅(MEWSCR)结构。相比于常规SCR结构,首先,通过移动阳极/阴极的N+/P+掺杂区引入辅助泄放器件,MEWSCR结构实现了二次触发,增加了维持电压;其次,通过在阳极P+区和阴极N+区下方分别嵌入N浅阱和P浅阱,增强非平衡载流子的SRH复合作用,降低SCR的再生反馈效应,提高了维持电流。基于0.18 μm BCD工艺,采用TCAD软件进行模拟。结果表明,新型MEWSCR器件的维持电压提升至23 V,维持电流提升1 A以上,满足ESD设计窗口要求。     

一种内嵌NMOS的抗闩锁双向MHVDDSCR

针对双向可控硅(DDSCR)易发生闩锁效应的问题,提出了一种多路高维持电压DDSCR(MHVDDSCR)。在器件的两边嵌入NMOS管,构成电流通路,抽取阱内的空穴与电子,促使反偏PN结内电场增强,提高了维持电压。采用Sentaurus TCAD进行了仿真验证。结果表明,相比于传统LT_DDSCR,MHVDDSCR的触发电压降低了0.61 V,维持电压从2.10 V提高到7.13 V。该器件适用于狭窄ESD设计窗口的模拟IC的双向静电防护。     

用于3.3 V电源静电防护的闩锁免疫LVTSCR

传统LVTSCR的维持电压过低,器件容易受到闩锁效应的影响而无法正常关断。为了提高传统LVTSCR的维持电压,基于0.18 μm BCD工艺,提出一种内嵌P型浅阱的新型LVTSCR (EP-LVTSCR)。采用Sentaurus TCAD,对提出的器件进行建模和测试。结果表明,该EP-LVTSCR的维持电压从传统LVTSCR的1.52 V提升到3.85 V,具有免疫闩锁效应的能力,可应用于3.3 V电源的ESD防护。     

0.18μm RF CMOS双向可控硅ESD防护器件的研究(英文)

基于传统双向可控硅(DDSCR)提出了两种静电放电(ESD)保护器件,可应对正、负ESD应力从而在2个方向上对电路进行保护。传统的DDSCR通过N-well与P-well之间的雪崩击穿来触发,而提出的新器件则通过嵌入的NMOS/PMOS来改变触发机制、降低触发电压。两种改进结构均在0.18μmRFCMOS下进行流片,并使用传输线脉冲测试系统进行测试。实验数据表明,这两种新器件具有低触发电压、低漏电流(～nA),抗ESD能力均超过人体模型2kV,同时具有较高的维持电压(均超过3.3V),可保证其可靠地用于1.8V、3.3V I/O端口而避免出现闩锁问题。     

一个LVTSCR并联PMOS的高维持电压ESD防护器件

为了在5 V片上输入输出端进行静电放电(ESD)防护,提出了一种新型的LVTSCR结构。使用Silvaco 2D TCAD软件对此器件进行包含电学及热学特性的仿真。此新型器件交换了LVTSCR中N-Well的N+、P+掺杂区并引入了一个类PMOS结构用来在LVTSCR工作前释放ESD电流。器件仿真结果显示,与LVTSCR相比,该器件获得了更高的维持电压(10.51 V),以及更高的开启速度(1.05×10-10 s),同时触发电压仅仅从12.45 V增加到15.35 V。并且,如果加入的PMOS结构选择与NMOS相同的沟道长度,器件不会引起热失效问题。     

应用于5 V电压电路的新型闩锁免疫LVTSCR

传统低压触发可控硅(LVTSCR)维持电压过低,应用于片上ESD防护时存在闩锁风险。文章提出了一种嵌入分流路径的LVTSCR。基于0.18 μm CMOS工艺,使用Sentaurus-TCAD软件模拟人体模型,对器件准静态特性进行了分析。结果表明,新型器件在保持触发电压、ESD防护性良好的情况下,有效提高了维持电压。对关键尺寸D6进行优化,该器件的维持电压提高到5.5 V以上,器件可安全应用于5 V电压电路,避免了闩锁效应。     

用于3.3 V电源的高维持电压ESD防护器件

为了解决传统LVTSCR易发生闩锁效应的问题,提出了一种增强型嵌入P浅阱可控硅(EEP_LVTSCR)结构。通过在传统LVTSCR中NMOS管漏极与阳极之间植入PSD/NSD有源区,引入了额外的复合作用,降低了发射极注入效率;通过NMOS管下方P浅阱增强基区的复合作用,同时降低了PNP、NPN管的电流增益,提高了维持电压。基于0.18 μm BCD工艺,采用TCAD软件模拟了新型EEP_LVTSCR和传统LVTSCR的电流电压(I-V)特性。仿真结果表明,新型EEP_LVTSCR的维持电压从传统的1.73 V提升到5.72 V。该EEP_LVTSCR适用于3.3 V电源的ESD防护。     

Design of novel DDSCR with embedded PNP structure for ESD protection* Xiuwen Bi (毕秀文), Hailian Liang (梁海莲), Xiaofeng Gu (顾晓峰)?, Long Huang (黄龙)

通过在常规双向可控硅器件(DDSCR)内部嵌入一个PNP结构,提出了一种新型的静电防护(ESD)器件DDSCR-PNP,以提高器件的维持电压(Vh),降低闩锁风险。首先,分析了DDSCR-PNP器件的工作机理,理论分析表明,内嵌PNP结构(PNP_2)使器件具有很好的电压箝位能力。然后,基于0.35 μm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS工艺制造了实验器件,并利用Barth 4002传输线脉冲测试系统进行了分析。测试结果证明了DDSCR-PNP的Vh比传统DDSCR高得多,而且通过调节P阱宽度可进一步增加Vh。然而,当P阱宽度超过12 μm时,DDSCR-PNP的漏电流(IL)出现明显波动。最后,利用Sentaurus仿真分析了影响Vh和IL的原因。结果表明,横向PNP_2有助于提高Vh并降低IL,但其作用随着P阱宽度的增大而减弱,导致IL随之增大。这种新型的DDSCR-PNP器件为高压集成电路的ESD防护提供了一种有效的解决方案。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.