LCoS芯片p-n结光生电流理论分析

LCoS中像素有源驱动电路受到光照后会在p-n结上产生光生漏电流,而光生漏电流的产生会引起LCoS的图像对比度退化,直接影响其成像质量。从光学和半导体器件物理两方面出发,分析了光生漏电流的产生机理,指出了影响漏电流大小的主要因素是入射光功率和挡光层的厚度。以Al膜作为挡光层材料,实际测量了不同厚度Al膜在可见光范围内的反射率,并在测量数据的基础上分别计算了不同情况下的光生电流的大小。当Al膜厚度为50nm时,光生电流最大仅为5.15×10-10A,可以抑制光生漏电流的产生,满足了LCoS的实际使用时的要求。     

真空镀铝

蒸发的铝膜被广泛地应用在光学仪器中作为反射镜,这是因为铝膜具有不易失去光泽和高反射率的有用性质,对白光为86～92％,在短波部分也有80％的反射比,化学稳定性好,它本身能生成氧化铝保护层,但蒸发的铝膜机械强度差(机械强度为4级),不允许用机械方法来清洁膜层,稍不注意,就会产生划痕,使反射率有所降低,但在蒸发的铝膜上采用镀一     

高反射率193 nm Al2O3/MgF2反射膜的实验研究

用电子束热蒸发方法在熔融石英基底上沉积了Al2O3和MgF2两种材料的单层膜，研究了两种材料的光学特性，采用光度法计算并给出了薄膜材料在180～230nm的折射率n／和消光系数k的色散曲线。以两种材料作为高低折射率材料组合，采用1／4波长规整膜系设计并镀制了193nm的高反射膜，反射膜在退火后的反射率在193nm达到96％以上。结果表明在一定工艺条件下Al2O3和MgF2两种材料能够在193nm获得较好的光学性能，适用于高反射膜的制备。     

紫外固化系统热辐射滤光膜的研制

为了降低紫外固化系统光源的热辐射,根据光学薄膜理论,以HfO_2、AlF_3和Cr作为镀膜材料,采用反射与吸收相结合的结构,设计了紫外高反射、可见/近红外高吸收的滤光膜。通过在基底和膜系之间增镀Al膜作为过渡层,提高了薄膜的牢固性。通过优化工艺参数,研制了220~400nm波段平均反射率为90.6%、420~2000nm波段平均吸收率为92.4%的滤光膜。     

高折射率材料吸收特性对193 nm HfO2/SiO2,Y2O3/SiO2,Al2O3/SiO2多层膜反射特性的影响

由单层HfO2，SiO2，Y2O3，Al2O3膜求出其折射率和消光系数色散曲线，据此计算出HfO2／SiO2，Y2O3／SiO2，Al2O3／SiO2的193nm多层膜反射膜曲线，并用电子束热蒸发的方法进行镀制。由分光光度计测量样品的透射率和绝对反射率，求出了各种膜层的吸收曲线。结果发现HfO2／SiO2，Al2O3／SiO2反射率实验结果与理论结果吻合得很好，而Y2O3／SiO2的理论曲线偏高。通过模拟Y2O3／SiO2的反射率曲线发现Y2O3的消光系数远大于由单层膜实验得出的结果。这说明Y2O3膜层的吸收特性与薄膜的制备工艺密切相关。     

高反Al2O3/SiO2膜内超快激光预损伤动力学过程

利用紫外飞秒激光光谱技术研究了Al2O3/SiO2高反射膜内的超快载流子动力学。通过实验,发现该反射膜Al2O3层的载流子动力学在紫外反射膜的激光诱导损伤中起着至关重要的作用。通过泵浦-探测实验,发现紫外飞秒激光与光学薄膜作用后,光学薄膜反射率有所下降,且探测光反射率变化的峰值在约2.3 ps的时间内从417 nm左右转移到402 nm左右。为了更好的解释激光诱导载流子动力学,一个具体的理论模型被提出来,该模型指出导带自由电子弛豫过程中与晶格相互作用,产生距导带一个光子能量的中间缺陷态,其初始电子密度影响了材料损伤阈值高低。通过该理论模型得出的激光损伤阈值数据和实验数据吻合得很好。     

激光辐照下铝膜反射镜温升和热应力的计算

分析了激光对以K9玻璃为基体的铝膜反射镜的加热问题,将铝膜作为平面热传导,K9玻璃基体作为三维热传导,用有限元法计算了温度分布和K9玻璃基体的热应力分布,讨论了反射率和激光传输距离对温升和热应力的影响。结果表明,二者对温升和应力的影响很大,铝膜反射率增大,温升和应力变低,激光传输距离增加,温升和应力也变低。铝膜的破坏阈值大于K9玻璃的破坏阈值,在确保铝膜反射率的同时,根据K9玻璃基体应力小于其抗拉强度来选择合适的传输距离,可避免反射镜破损。     

两步合金法制作p-GaN高反电极

利用两步合金法获得了能与p-GaN形成良好欧姆接触的高反射电极.电极的构成采用透明电极 高反射金属方案,厚的Ag层或Al层覆盖在合金后的Ni/Au上以提高电极的反射率,以Pt和Au作为覆盖层,可有效地防止Ag的氧化和团聚,短时间的热处理有助于Ag基电极反射率的提高.可靠性测试表明Ag基电极的稳定性较好,对于Al基电极,热处理后反射镜上出现暗斑,导致其反射率的下降.最终获得了波长在460nm处反射率为74%的Ag基高反射电极.     

铝镜激光损伤的热过程实时研究

介绍利用光热偏转技术对铝镜及反射率增强铝镜的激光损伤的热过程进行实时研究。通过研究，观察铝镜及反射率增强铝镜的激光损伤的光热偏转信号的变化．初步了解了铝镜的损伤过程及机理，及其介质膜的存在对损伤过程的影响。     

平面显示技术面面观

去年秋季，笔者在浏览某网站家庭影院论坛时，看到了一个讨论非常热烈的话题。讨论的主题，是当时刚问世不久的LCoS(硅基液晶反射显示技术)背投电视机。有一位参与者欣喜若狂地说道：LCoS将会把DLP挤出市场，LCoS     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Call for Papers

正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its