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研究了不同形态硅酸对聚合铝混凝过程的影响作用 .实验结果表明经预制形成的具有不同形态分布组成的硅酸与聚合铝 ,在投加后相互间发生了十分复杂的物理化学作用 ,并受溶液pH值的影响 ,从而最终决定了混凝效果 .反应过程中所生成的形态产物及其物化特征 ,很大程度上取决于聚合铝碱化度以及所投加的Si Al比 .其中碱化度越高 ,最终产物所带电荷越高 .而不同硅酸所起影响作用分别取决于聚合程度 ,在与聚合铝反应过程中表现出一定的规律性 .单体硅酸与单体铝迅速发生较强的络合作用 ,抑制了多聚水解铝阳离子的形成 .聚合硅酸则倾向于与聚合铝形态相互作用形成一定的胶状化合物 ,从而在溶液中稳定存在 .对于胶体硅酸 ,在聚合铝作用下迅速凝聚形成更大的聚集体 ,在颗粒物间架桥形成粗大的絮体 .所得结果对混凝机理的解释与复合混凝剂的发展提供了一定的参考作用 相似文献
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《环境科学文摘》1997,(1)
X 13 9700041AI Ferr(in逐时络合比色法研究PACS中铝的水解聚合形态/高宝玉…(山东大学环境工程系)沼环境化学/中科院生态环境研究中心一1996,15(3)一234一238环信X一87 制备了碱化度(B)及不同A13+/S()牙一摩尔比的系列P八CS,用八1一Ferron逐时络合比色法研究了铝的形态分布,考察了碱化度(B)、A13十/S()芍卒尔比、稀释作用及pH值对铝的形态分布的衫响。实验结果表明,A13十/S(滩一摩尔比及溶液的Pll位对铝的形态分布有较大的影响,稀释作J手J对铝的形态分布影响较小。A13+/S()军一摩尔比愈小,pH位愈高,铝的水解聚合大分子及胶体粒… 相似文献
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聚合铝的水解聚合形态有Ala、Alb、Alc,其中最佳絮凝形态Alb的含量是衡量聚合铝絮凝活性的主要指标。采用一次加碱法制备聚合铝时,水解聚合形态分布的主要影响因素依次为碱化度,加热温度,氯化铝浓度,碱浓度。实验确定的优化工艺条件为碱化度2.2,加热温度72℃,氯化铝浓度0.5mol/L,碱浓度0.7~1.0mol/L。检测结果表明在优化工艺条件下,制备的聚合铝中Alb含量为80.26%。应用实验表明在同等加药量的条件下,高Alb含量聚合铝对生活污水絮凝效果明显优于工业聚合铝和氯化铝 相似文献
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聚合铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂的絮凝性能及其吸附特性 总被引:48,自引:2,他引:46
为探讨聚合铝与有机高分子在复合絮凝作用过程中的相互作用,选取4种典型有机高分子絮凝剂,研究聚合铝与阳离子型有机高分子和阴离子型有机高分子复合后的凝聚絮凝特征及其吸附特性.结果表明,聚合铝与阳离子型有机高分子复合能够使其絮凝效能相互促进,而聚合铝与阴离子型有机高分子的复合只有在药剂投加量达到一定值时才能对絮凝效能起促进作用.阳离子型有机高分子引入聚合铝后,使聚合铝的吸附量降低,而阴离子型有机高分子的引入使聚合铝的吸附能力大大增强,吸附量显著提高 相似文献
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应用Al-Ferron法于悬浮体系中聚合铝的形态分布表征,对其中的主要影响因素进行探讨,就不同碱化度聚合铝的形态分析进行实例研究.结果表明,混合方式对Al-Feron法的应用具有一定的影响作用.比色管混合测得Ala为21.54%,低于磁力搅拌方式结果(24.52%,25.22%,25.06%).应用磁力搅拌方式可以获取较好的重复性与更多初期反应信息.颗粒物的存在对反应的影响主要取决于其浓度与粒度分布,成一定线性关系,可以从中加以扣除.在本实验范围内因其溶解所产生的影响可以忽略不计.对多个碱化度聚合铝的实例研究表明,Al-Feron法完全适用于颗粒物悬浮体系中的形态分布表征 相似文献
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聚合铝水解聚合形态分布的影响因素研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
聚合铝的水解聚合形态有Ala、Alb、Alc,其中最佳絮凝形态Alb的含量是衡量聚合铝絮凝活性的主要指标。采用一次加碱法制备聚合铝时,水解聚合形态分布的主要影响因素依次为:碱化度,加热温度,氯化铝浓度,碱浓度。实验确定的优化工艺条件为:碱化度2.2,加热温度72℃,氯化铝浓度0.5mol/L,碱浓度0.7~1.0mol/L。检测结果表明:在优化工艺条件下,制备的聚合铝中Alb含量为80.26%。应用实验表明:在同等加药量的条件下,高Alb含量聚合铝对生活污水絮凝效果明显优于工业聚合铝和氯化铝。 相似文献
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聚合铝形态分布特征及转化规律 总被引:42,自引:5,他引:42
采用多种实验方法,对Al(Ⅲ)的水解—聚合—沉淀反应特征及其转化规律、形态分布及规范分子量大小进行了研究,同时应用X-射线衍射光谱仪和红外光谱仪对聚合铝形态进行了表征。由研究结果似可推断,Al(Ⅲ)水解—聚合过程的形态转化过程为线型→环型→体型。其聚合形态分布取决于翔/铝比值或pH值以及其它因素。在一定羟/铝比值时,聚合铝溶液中可划分为三种类型的形态分布。提出了相应的形态转化模式来表达聚合铝的形态及转化规律。 相似文献
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苏联天然水的除氟工艺(下) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
(四)电凝聚法除氟工艺这个方法是利用铝板在直流电场作用下由阳极向溶液溶出铝离子,并在一定pH条件下水解形成不同形态的氢氧化物.它作为吸附体通过化学吸附、物理吸附等方式强烈吸附水溶液中的氟.从而达到除氟的目的.由于电凝聚法可以不用化学试剂,因此避免其他离子的进入,保持了原水质.氢氧化铝未被其他引入的杂质复盖,也保持了最大的活性.一般溶解1g铝相 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶柱层析法分离纯化聚合氯化铝(PAC)中的Al13形态,用透光率脉动检测技术并结合絮凝效能和Zeta电位测定结果,对纳米Al13形态以及PAC、AlCl3絮凝过程中絮集物形成和增长的变化差异作了对比性研究.结果表明,混凝剂的不同铝形态分布在混凝过程中起着十分重要的作用.Al13形态是在絮凝过程中起电中和作用的主要形态,可以大大增加颗粒间的有效碰撞率,其凝聚速度和所形成絮集物颗粒大小在实验条件下呈现最大值.而对于PAC,其Alc含量较高,可起到吸附架桥和网捕卷扫作用,所以在低投加量表现出较快的絮体增长速率. 相似文献
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在分析了普通混凝剂的基础上,研究了聚合氯化铝(PAC)对造纸废水的处理效果。混凝试验结果表明,聚合氯化铝对造纸废水的处理达到较为理想的效果。 相似文献
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聚合氯化铝对造纸废水的混凝处理研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在分析了普通混凝剂的基础上,研究了聚合氯化铝(PAC)对造纸废水的处理效果。混凝试验结果表明,聚合氯化铝对造纸废水的处理达到较为理想的效果。 相似文献
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Jiankun Xie Dongsheng Wang John van Leeuwen Yanmei Zhao Linan Xing Christopher W. K. Chow 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(2):276-283
Correlations between raw water characteristics and pH after enhanced coagulation to maximize dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal using four typical coagulants (FeCl3, Al2(SO4)3, polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and high performance polyaluminum chloride (HPAC)) without pH control were investigated. These correlations were analyzed on the basis of the raw water quality and the chemical and physical fractionations of DOM of thirteen Chinese source waters over three seasons. It was found that the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants was influenced by the content of removable DOM (i.e. hydrophobic and higher apparent molecular weight (AMW) DOM), the alkalinity and the initial pH of raw water. A set of feed-forward semi-empirical models relating the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants with the raw water characteristics were developed and optimized based on correlation analysis. The established models were preliminarily validated for prediction purposes, and it was found that the deviation between the predicted data and actual data was low. This result demonstrated the potential for the application of these models in practical operation of drinking water treatment plants. 相似文献
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Nano-Al13 was separated and purified by four methods to investigate its characteristic, and was analyzed by Al-Ferron timed complexation spectrophotometer,27 Al-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Coagulation efficiency of nano-Al13, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), and AlCl3 in synthetic water were also investigated by jar test. The dynamic process and aggregation state of kaolin suspensions coagulating with nano-Al13, PAC, and AlCl3 were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that the efficiency of gel column chromatography method was the highest for separating PAC solution with low Al concentration. Ethanol and acetone method was simple and could separated PAC solution with different Al concentrations, while silicon alkylation white block column chromatography method could separate PAC solution only with low Al concentration. The SO42−/Ba2+ displacement method could separate PAC solution with high Al concentration, but extra inorganic cation and anion could be introduced into the solution during the separation. The coagulation efficiency and dynamic experimental results showed that nano- Al13 with a high positive-charged species was the main species of electric neutralization in coagulation process, and it could reduce the turbidity and increase the effective particles collision rate efficiently in coagulation process. Its coagulation speed and the particle size of coagulant formed were of greatest value in this study. 相似文献
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A polyaluminum containing a high concentration of Al13 polymer and active chlorine (PACC) was successfully synthesized by a new electrochemical reactor using Ti/RuO2-TiO2 anodes. PACC can potentially be used as a dual-function chemical reagent for water treatment. The obtained results indicated that the formation of Al13 polymer and active chlorine, were the most active components in PACC responsible for coagulation and disinfection respectively. These components were significantly influenced by electrolyte temperature, current density, and stirring rate. It was observed that high electrolyte temperature favored the formation of Al13. Increasing current density and stirring rate resulted in high current efficiency of chlorine evolution, thus favoring the generation of Al13 and active chlorine in PACC. When the PACC (AlT = 0.5 mol/L, basicity = 2.3) was prepared at the optimum conditions by electrolysis process, the Al13 polymer and active chlorine in product reached above 70% of AlT and 4000 mg/L, respectively. In the pilot scale experiment with raw polyaluminum chloride used as an electrolyte, PACC was successfully prepared and produced a high content of Al13 and active chlorine products. The pilot scale experiment demonstrated a potential industrial approach of PACC preparation. 相似文献
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Al_b形态处理模拟染料废水的效果及机制研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用乙醇-丙酮混合沉淀法分离聚合氯化铝(PAC)溶液中的Alb形态.通过对吸光度和Zeta电位的测定,研究了Alb形态的投加量和溶液pH对分散黄棕和直接紫2种模拟染料废水脱色效果的影响,并将其与PAC进行比较.利用光散射颗粒分析仪(PDA2000)和Mastersizer2000型激光粒度仪在线测定絮体粒径的变化情况,结合絮体的Zeta电位,对Alb形态的絮凝机制进行探讨.结果表明,与PAC比较,Alb形态处理模拟染料废水的最佳pH值范围较宽,在实验条件下,Alb形态形成的絮体的密实性较高,沉降性能较好,恢复能力较强. 相似文献