共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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聚合氯化铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂的形态分布研究——AlFerron和~(27)AlNMR相结合 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
主要研究了Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和^27Al-NMR法应用于聚合铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂形态分布的测定,结果表明,两种方法分别测定的Alb和Al13的结果具有一定的相关性;聚合铝与有机高分子复合后其形态分布发生了一定的变化,Alb(或Al13)的含量有所降低,但仍是优势形态,Ala(或Al单)的含量基本保持不变。 相似文献
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通过Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和 ̄(27)Al核磁共振(NMR)法,并应用“MINEQL”化学平衡模式计算法,对采用不同反应途径制得的聚合铝(PAC)溶液中的化学形态分布规律进行了定量模拟研究和对比。模式计算结果与两种实验定量分析结果都较为吻合,结果表明,在水解聚合铝溶液中较稳定的化学形态主要有五种:一种单体形态[al_a],即Al ̄(3+),Al(OH) ̄(2+),Al(OH)_2 ̄+;3种聚合形态[Al_b],即和以及一种溶胶或凝胶形态[Al_c],即Al(OH)_3(am).这些化学形态的分布和转化不仅取决于溶液的化学特征,而且也取决于制备方法的不同。 相似文献
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聚合铝水解聚合形态分布的影响因素研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
聚合铝的水解聚合形态有Ala、Alb、Alc,其中最佳絮凝形态Alb的含量是衡量聚合铝絮凝活性的主要指标。采用一次加碱法制备聚合铝时,水解聚合形态分布的主要影响因素依次为:碱化度,加热温度,氯化铝浓度,碱浓度。实验确定的优化工艺条件为:碱化度2.2,加热温度72℃,氯化铝浓度0.5mol/L,碱浓度0.7~1.0mol/L。检测结果表明:在优化工艺条件下,制备的聚合铝中Alb含量为80.26%。应用实验表明:在同等加药量的条件下,高Alb含量聚合铝对生活污水絮凝效果明显优于工业聚合铝和氯化铝。 相似文献
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为了明确混凝过程中搅拌剪切等动力学因素对铝盐水解聚合反应平衡的影响,采用配制模拟水样作为混凝水系,用Ferron逐时络合比色法对水解产物形态进行表征,并将获取结果与用去离子水组成的纯净水系获取的结果进行对比分析.同时,研究了模拟混凝水系中搅拌剪切条件对铝盐水解反应产物形态分布的影响,考查了铝盐的碱化度和模拟混凝水系的pH值对混凝体系中搅拌剪切条件作用于铝盐水解产物形态分布的影响,并提出了体系搅拌剪切条件影响混凝水系中铝盐水解反应平衡的作用机理.结果表明,混凝过程中的铝盐水解产物形态分布明显受到体系搅拌剪切条件的影响,并且随着混凝水系中铝盐水解程度的增大和转化率的提高,铝盐的水解产物形态分布受到反应体系中搅拌剪切条件的影响加大. 相似文献
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研究了不同形态硅酸对聚合铝混凝过程的影响作用 .实验结果表明经预制形成的具有不同形态分布组成的硅酸与聚合铝 ,在投加后相互间发生了十分复杂的物理化学作用 ,并受溶液pH值的影响 ,从而最终决定了混凝效果 .反应过程中所生成的形态产物及其物化特征 ,很大程度上取决于聚合铝碱化度以及所投加的Si Al比 .其中碱化度越高 ,最终产物所带电荷越高 .而不同硅酸所起影响作用分别取决于聚合程度 ,在与聚合铝反应过程中表现出一定的规律性 .单体硅酸与单体铝迅速发生较强的络合作用 ,抑制了多聚水解铝阳离子的形成 .聚合硅酸则倾向于与聚合铝形态相互作用形成一定的胶状化合物 ,从而在溶液中稳定存在 .对于胶体硅酸 ,在聚合铝作用下迅速凝聚形成更大的聚集体 ,在颗粒物间架桥形成粗大的絮体 .所得结果对混凝机理的解释与复合混凝剂的发展提供了一定的参考作用 相似文献
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Zhongguo Zhang Jun Wang Dan Liu Jiuyi Li Xiaolin Wang Boyu Song Bing Yue 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(7):162-169
The effects of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) hydrolysis prior to coagulation on both the coagulation zone and coagulation performance of a kaolin suspension were investigated by a novel jar test named the “reversed coagulation test”. The tests showed that PACl hydrolysis prior to coagulation decreased the performance of charge neutralization coagulation in the case of short-time slow mixing (10 min; G = 15 sec ?1 ) and increased the optimal dosage for charge neutralization and sweep coagulation. Moreover, the hydrolysis time had insignificant effects on the size and zeta potential of PACl precipitates and the residual turbidity of the raw water. However, PACl hydrolysis prior to coagulation and the size of PACl precipitates had a negligible effect on the performance of sweep coagulation.The results imply that, in practice, preparing a PACl solution with deionized water, rather than tap water or the outlet water from a wastewater treatment unit, can significantly save PACl consumption and improve the performance of charge neutralization coagulation,while preparing the PACl solution with tap or outlet water would not affect the performance of sweep coagulation. In addition, the optimal rapid mixing intensity appears to be deter-mined by a balance between the degree of coagulant hydrolysis before contacting the primary particles and the average size of flocs in the rapid mixing period. These results provide new insights into the role of PACl hydrolysis and will be useful for improving
coagulation efficiency. 相似文献
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IntroductionPolyaluminumchloride (PACl)asamainkindofinorganicpolymerflocculantsisanewhighereffectivewaterandwastewatertreatmentreagent.Basedonthetraditionallow molecularaluminum ,ithasbeendevelopedworldwidesincethe 196 0s(Tang,1994 ;1990 ;1987) .PAClistheintermediateproductofthehydrolysis polymerization ageingprocessofAl(III)undersuitableconditions.Atpresent,itisgenerallyknownthattherearemanypossiblespeciesexistintheAl(III)solution ,suchasmonomers,oligomers,Al13 [AlO4Al12 (OH) 2 4(H2 … 相似文献
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XUYi WANGDong-sheng TANGHong-xiao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2004,16(3):420-422
This article discusses the influential factors on Al13 separation considering the interaction of sulfate with various polyaluminum chloride (PACI). The experimental results showed that the basicity (B = [OH]/[Al]), the concentration of PACI and Al/SO4 ratio exhibited significant roles in the PACI-sulfate reaction. It indicated that different species in various PACI underwent different reaction pathway with sulfate. The Alc, colloidal species,formed precipitation quickly with sulfate, while Alb, oligomers and polymers, underwent slow crystallization. And Ala,monomers, reacted with sulfate to form soluble complexes. The kinetic difference of reaction made it possible to realize the separation of Alb and further purification. The decrease of Ala resulted in the limit of ferron method wasalso mentioned. 相似文献
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Aging of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulants could significantly influence hydrolyzed Al speciation ruling coagulation performance. The goal of this study was to investigate Al species transformation through long-term aging and its impact on coagulation performance. Two kinds of commercial coagulants (PACl-1 and PACl-2) were stored for in-situ aging tests in six months to evaluate Al species variation with time and the performance of coagulation with natural turbid waters. The results showed that CaSO4 precipitation easily occur in a commercial PACl coagulant with time as it contains SO42? and Ca2+. It also activates the precipitation of gibbsite Al(OH)3 in PACl with aging. Through 180 days aging, both monomeric Al (Ala) and polymeric Al (Alb) substantially transform into colloidal Al (Alc) and precipitated for both PACl coagulants. At low turbidity (10 NTU), PACl-1 has a superior turbidity reduction rate than PACl-2, while PACl-2 performs a little better turbidity reduction at high turbidity (1000 NTU) regardless of aging time. With aging time, an obvious decrease in turbidity reduction for PACl-1 coagulation is observed at low turbidity of 10 NTU, while the improvement in turbidity reduction for PACl-2 coagulation by enhanced sweep flocculation can be achieved as Alb mostly transform into Alc after 150 days aging. It is concluded that dominant in-situ formed Alc after a long time hydrolysis can improve PACl coagulation efficiency in turbidity reduction by enhanced sweep flocculation, especially for low turbidity water, but the increase in preformed Alc in PACl would worsen particle destabilization after aging. 相似文献