公共汽车交通服务水平评价系统

研究信息条件下单线路公共汽车交通服务水平评价指标及方法,信息主要包含两部分内容,一是公布的公交车辆运行数据,二是公交出行乘客出行经验积累的数据.通过对公交营运公司提供的公交车辆AVL运行数据进行统计分析,获取公交车辆运行信息,将乘客划分为四个类别,以调查问卷及车内统计的方式采集各类乘客的出行信息.通过建立信息条件下乘客出行行为模型,并结合建模方法,在自主开发的仿真实验平台上,对上海市49路公交车服务过程进行仿真实验,以公交服务可靠性为评价指标,对公交服务水平进行评价.     

暴雨内涝下公交乘客的出行选择行为

基于暴雨内涝天气对公交线路运行影响强弱的三种情形,通过实际调查(RP)和意向调查(SP)的调查结果进行效用模型估计和决策变量的敏感性分析,解析暴雨内涝下公交乘客的出行选择行为机理,得到公交乘客出行选择行为的影响因素(由强至弱)是步行时间、票价、车内时间和车内拥挤程度,以及所选出行方式的主要特点(由强至弱)是零换乘、低票价、中途易更改出行意愿和运行稳定.最后根据上述结果,从调度指挥、对信息服务、交管保障三个方面进行了暴雨内涝天气下公交应急预案的探讨.     

基于公交运行数据的到站时间填充方法

公交实时到站数据是乘客出行行为分析的基础,但是现有公交运行数据存在到站时间缺失问题。以公交实时到站数据为基础,结合公交车辆的运行特性以及拥堵传播特性,建立考虑多因素加权的多项式插值方法,对公交车辆的到站缺失数据进行填补。填补后的到站时间能够更详细地描述车辆运行过程,得到更精确的车辆到站间隔。应用该方法对北京市地面公交运行数据进行补全,得到了修正的时刻表,并对公交运行间隔与串车现象进行分析。     

基于公交运行数据的到站时间填充方法

公交实时到站数据是乘客出行行为分析的基础,但是现有公交运行数据存在到站时间缺失问题。以公交实时到站数据为基础,结合公交车辆的运行特性以及拥堵传播特性,建立考虑多因素加权的多项式插值方法,对公交车辆的到站缺失数据进行填补。填补后的到站时间能够更详细地描述车辆运行过程,得到更精确的车辆到站间隔。应用该方法对北京市地面公交运行数据进行补全,得到了修正的时刻表,并对公交运行间隔与串车现象进行分析。     

基于IC卡数据的公交乘客上下站点预测研究

当前一票制的公交IC卡收费系统无法获取乘客的上车站点和下车站点,为公交线路客流量分析造成了一定困难。本文通过充分研究IC卡数据以及GPS数据,构建了以IC卡数据为基础的乘客上下车站点匹配模型,挖掘数据中包含的公交运行特征以及乘客出行特征。模型同时考虑封闭式公交出行链以及非封闭式公交出行链,并采用二分算法以及多概率融合的方法在乘客乘车特征基础上推测乘客的上下车站点,可有效提升公交的高效化运行管理。以承德市7号线路为例进行验证,采用线性回归方程对上下车站点匹配结果进行分析,相关系数高达0.977,校验回归方程系数值为0.978 5。结果表明该模型可实现对公交车乘客上下车站点的有效匹配,具有较好的可靠性。     

基于ArcGIS的公交换乘功能研究及实现

针对沈阳市的公交运行线路、公交站点和城市道路进行分析研究之后,结合ArcGIS软件的特点,研发出公交换乘系统。系统实现地图放大、缩小、漫游等GIS软件所具备的基本功能。乘客能够对现有的公交站点、公交线路,地名进行查询,并可以对查询信息进行定位。乘客输入任意出行起点、终点,系统可在相应的约束条件下,查找搜索出最优公交出行路径和换乘方案。     

公交出行查询系统中出行路径选择模型的研究

在公交出行查询系统中,最关键的部分就是出行路径的选择问题。为了帮助利用公交的出行者方便地进行出行路径、换乘路线等选择,文章首先对公交乘客出行路径的选择因素进行了简要分析,然后分别讨论了换乘次数算法和最短路算法,最后基于组合优化的角度,在两者的基础上对它们进行了综合,针对大部分乘客的出行需求提出了公交乘客出行路径的选择模型。     

基于GIS的城市公交查询系统的研究与实现

基于城市公交基础信息和乘客出行的特点,综合利用Web数据库和Web GIS技术,进行了相关功能模块的划分与开发.本系统可直观、方便地为乘客的公交出行提供准确、及时、优化的信息服务和出行辅助计划.     

基于乘客风险意识的公交均衡配流

不确定的公交出行时间可能致使乘客无法准时到达目的地,因此有必要将乘客的风险意识作为公交路径选择的标准之一. 将公交到达延误惩罚费用纳入乘客路径选择标准,描述公交出行时间不确定下乘客的路径选择心理,建立具有风险意识的乘客公交均衡配流模型,设计基于路径的求解算法并应用于小型公交网络. 结果证明惩罚权重大于1的条件下,随着可接受到达时间的增大,乘客的路径选择心理由风险规避逐渐转变为风险倾向. 因此,公交到达延误惩罚费用能够描述乘客公交路径选择的风险意识.     

基于IC卡和GPS信息的城市常规公交客流分析

受限于传统调查方法,公交客流数据调查成本较高、精度难以保证.为有效提高常规公交系统分析评估的精度,结合公交IC卡、GPS等数据特点,利用多源数据融合技术,提出了基于多源数据的公交客流分析方法,揭示了特定时间段内公交乘客出行特征、线网客流分布规律.案例论证显示,将多源信息融合技术应用于常规公交领域,实现对乘客出行特征的精准描述,探求系统的运行规律,可以有效支撑现有公交系统焦点问题的量化分析.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to