2-芳基-3-N-丙酰基-5-(4-碘苯基)-1,3,4-(口恶)唑啉类化合物的合成

4-碘苯甲酰肼(2)与芳醛反应得到相应的酰腙(3a～3i),而后与丙酸酐脱水环化成了2-芳基-3-N-丙酰基-5-(4-碘苯基)-1,3,4-(口恶)唑啉类化合物(4a～4i),通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS方法对化合物4a～4i的结构进行了表征.     

2-芳基-3-N-丙酰基-5-（4-碘苯基）-1，3，4-噁唑啉类化合物的合成

4-碘苯甲酰肼(2)与芳醛反应得到相应的酰腙(3a~3i),而后与丙酸酐脱水环化成了2-芳基-3-N-丙酰基-5-(4-碘苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉类化合物(4a~4i),通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS方法对化合物4a~4i的结构进行了表征.     

盐酸2-芳基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇的合成及表征

6-甲氧基-2-(2-溴丙酰基)萘、a-溴-3-氯苯丙酮、a-溴-4-苄氧基苯丙酮和a-溴-4-苄氧基苯戊酮分别与二乙醇胺于50℃搅拌反应1h,合成相应的2-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(3-氯苯基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-丙基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇,2-芳基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇经氯化氢酸化得其盐酸盐,收率58．3％～89．8％．其结构经^1HNMR,^1H-^1H COSY,IR,MS确证．     

(R,R)-福莫特罗关键中间体的合成研究

以4-苄氧-3-硝基苯乙酮为原料,经溴代、不对称还原、选择性还原硝基和甲酰化,合成(R,R)-福莫特罗关键中间体（母核）(R)-N-［2-苄氧基-5-(2-溴-1-羟乙基)苯基］甲酰胺(2),为进一步研究开发奠定基础.目标化合物的结构经IR、1HNMR、MS等确证,4步收率达41%.     

7-氨基-3-乙烯基头孢烷酸的合成

7-氨基-3-乙烯基头孢烷酸(7-AVCA)是合成头孢地尼和头孢克肟的重要中间体。以7-苯乙酰氨基-3-氯甲基-4-头孢烷酸对甲氧基苄酯(GCLE)为起始原料,经Wittig反应,酶解得到7-AVCA。实验结果表明:当n(NaI)∶n(NaBr)=1∶3时,可大大降低生产成本,且不影响产品收率;当V(CH2Cl2)∶V(CH3OH)=1∶4时,7-苯乙酰氨基-3-乙烯基-4-头孢烷酸对甲氧苄酯(GVNE)的收率为93%,纯度为98.5%;在高效液相色谱的质量分数w(HPLC)0.2%时,产品的收率为85%(以7-苯乙酰氨基-3-氯甲基-4-头孢烷酸对甲氧基苄酯(GCLE)记的产品),纯度为99.8%。该合成路线步骤简单、条件温和,对环境污染小。     

4-芳基-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑类化合物的合成与杀菌活性

以α-溴芳基酮与硫脲反应环合得4-芳基-2-氨基噻唑,4-芳基-2-氨基噻唑与水杨醛反应制备了9种4-芳基-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑类化合物. 新化合物结构经1HNMR确证. 初步的杀菌活性测定结果表明:在500 mg/L的试验浓度下,化合物(E)-4-(3-三氟甲基苯)-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率为60.0%,化合物(E)-4-(2-氯-4-(4-氯苄基)苯)-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)噻唑和(E)-4-(3-氯苯)-2-(2-羟苄亚氨基)-5-甲基噻唑对油菜菌核病菌的抑制率分别为65.4%和56.1%.     

4-甲基-N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺的合成及生物活性研究

以5-溴水杨醛、4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),以1-苄基-4-哌啶酮合成了4-甲基-N-烯丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺(中间体7),通过中间体3和7合成了一种新的非肽类CCR5拮抗剂4-甲基-N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺,并对产物进行了1 HNMR,13 CNMR,IR,MS表征及生物活性检测.结果表明,该拮抗剂合成总产率约为26.0%,具有较好的生物活性.     

4-苄氧基-1H-吲唑的合成新方法

以2-甲基-3-硝基苯酚(I)为原料,先后经过加氢还原、乙酰化、亲核取代、关环及胺解反应,合成了4-苄氧基-1H-吲唑(VI),总的收率为76.3%,所得目标化合物采用FTIR、1H NMR及ESI-MS进行结构表征.研究了4-苄氧基-1-乙酰基-吲唑(Ⅴ)的合成工艺,结果表明,当亚硝酸异戊酯与N-(3-苄氧基-2-甲基苯基)乙酰胺(Ⅳ)的体积比为1.6∶1,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为16 h时,收率可达87.1%.该合成方法具有操作简单、收率高的优势.     

溴代苯甲酰胺类拮抗剂的合成、表征及生物拮抗活性分析

非肽类小分子拮抗剂可以作为一种靶向制剂,用于防治人类HIV-1感染.溴代苯甲酰胺类非肽类小分子具有酰胺、哌啶、卤原子等活性基团而备受关注.该文合成了苯甲酰胺的邻位、间位以及邻位间位二取代溴化物中间体7,以对氯苄氯为原料合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),通过中间体3、中间体7合成了3种新的溴代苯甲酰胺类拮抗剂8a-8c,对3种溴代物进行了1H NMR、IR、MS表征及生物活性检测.结果表明,N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(4-氯苄氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)-2,5-二溴苯甲酰胺具有一定的生物活性.     

2-芳基-3-(3-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-噻唑啉酮类化合物的合成及抗癌活性研究

以3-氟苯甲酸(1)为原料,通过酯化、肼解制得3-氟苯甲酰肼(2),3-氟苯甲酰肼再与芳香醛反应得到相应的酰腙(3a～3g),最后以苯和DMF为溶剂,将3a～3g与巯基乙酸脱水环化成2-芳基-3-(3-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-噻唑啉酮类化合物(4a～4g),并利用IR、1H NMR、13C NMR、ESI-MS和元素分析对7个目标化合物(4a～4g)的结构进行了表征.用MTT方法评价了它们在体外对HepG-2、A549-1和231-23种癌细胞株的体外生长抑制活性.研究结果表明:所合成的7个新化合物均具有潜在的体外抑制癌细胞生长活性,其中化合物4a、4b、4f的活性最强.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…