反相悬浮丙烯酸钾三元共聚过程及结构表征

采用反相悬浮法合成高吸水聚丙烯酸盐共聚物P(KAA_AM_NAM),利用电导、像衬光学显微镜对反相悬浮聚合反应过程进行了研究,并采用红外和热重分析对树脂的分子结构和稳定性等进行了表征.结果表明,反相悬浮聚合体系反应过程是由油包水到油水连续相互相贯穿,最后到水凝胶和油相共存的状态.树脂的红外光谱分析显示树脂中存在大量亲水性基团,由热分析得知,其热分解温度约为420℃,热稳定性良好.     

丙烯酸钾反相悬浮共聚合过程中的相转变

用电导率仪、像衬光学显微镜对共聚体系反相悬浮聚合反应过程进行了研究,试验结果表明:反相悬浮聚合共聚体系反应过程是由油包水到油水连续相互相贯穿,最后到水凝胶和油相共存的状态。     

高吸水性树脂的制备及其表征

采用反相悬浮聚合法制备丙烯酸钾-丙烯酸(PKAA)共聚物,研究了中和度、单体浓度、引发剂用量等因素对聚合过程及产物吸水性的影响。实验表明,在单体的质量分数为50%、丙烯酸中和度为80%、引发剂质量为单体质量的0.071%的条件下,所得树脂的吸水率最高。利用显微摄影、红外光谱、热失重分析等对树脂的表面形态、分子结构和热稳定性进行了表征,树脂的红外光谱分析显示树脂中存在大量亲水性基团,由热分析得知,其热分解温度约为380℃,热稳定性良好。     

辉光放电等离子体引发制备丙烯酸酯类高吸油树脂及其性能研究

用辉光放电等离子体引发悬浮聚合法制备了丙烯酸酯类高吸油树脂,用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、热重分析(TGA)和扫描电镜(SEM)对产品的结构、热稳定性和表面形貌进行了表征,对放电参数、交联剂的量进行了考察和讨论,同时研究了吸油速率和吸油动力学.结果表明,此法制备的高吸油树脂具有较高的吸油倍率和较快...     

膨润土/聚丙烯酸钠超吸水性复合材料的表征

采用反相悬浮聚合法,制备出吸水率为1 300倍的膨润土/聚丙烯酸钠超吸水性复合材料. 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(IR)和热分析(TG)等对样品进行表征和分析. 结果表明,膨润土在聚合过程中除了层间距有所增大外,基本结构不变,但分散度提高;超吸水性复合材料的热稳定性提高,进一步证明超吸水性复合材料中存在结合水和非结合水,且存在交联网状结构.     

玉米淀粉接枝高吸水树脂的制备研究*

淀粉接枝高吸水性树脂是一种带有吸水基团的网状结构高分子聚合物,是近年来国内外广泛开发研究的新型功能材料之一。以玉米淀粉、丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,环己烷为连续相,过硫酸钾(KPS)作为引发剂,在氮气保护下采用反相悬浮聚合法合成高吸水性树脂微球。红外光谱法(FTIR)表明产物为淀粉接枝AA/AM高吸水树脂。通过正交试验探讨了各种因素对树脂吸液率的影响。结果表明较适宜工艺条件是:玉米淀粉用量为10%,引发剂用量为0.2%,交联剂用量为0.3%,分散剂用量为2%。通过显微镜(SEM,TEM)和热重(TGA)探讨了接枝高吸水树脂的外形和热稳定性。结果表明树脂微球粒径大多分布在100μm上下,且热稳定性良好。同时探讨了温度对淀粉接枝高吸水树脂保水能力的影响,结果表明高吸水树脂有良好的保水性能。     

氯乙烯悬浮聚合添加剂对CPVC树脂热稳定性能的影响

本文通过在PVC悬浮聚合中加入界面阻聚剂、表面活性剂、沉淀剂聚合成不同类型的氯化专用PVC树脂,并研究这3种添加剂对气固相法氯化得到的CPVC树脂热稳定性能的影响。实验结果表明:三乙醇胺界面阻聚剂的增加改善了树脂内部聚集态和皮膜情况,使PVC树脂表观密度不变同时吸油率增加,PVC树脂氯化后氯含量随之增加,树脂内部链段中结构单元中—CCl_2—逐渐增多,从而导致氯化后树脂的热稳定性降低;正戊烷沉淀剂含量的增加使PVC树脂内部空隙更丰富,树脂氯化较为充分,氯化后的树脂氯含量大幅度增加,树脂内部链段结构单元—CHCl—增加较多,从而提高了CPVC的热稳定性; SDBS类表面活性剂的增加提高了PVC树脂的表观密度而吸油率变化不大,氯化后CPVC树脂的氯含量提高不多,而—CCl_2—结构单元过多导致热稳定性降低。     

淀粉接枝高吸水性树脂的制备新方法

简要介绍了制备淀粉接枝高吸水性树脂的一种新聚合方法--反相悬浮聚合法,对淀粉在反应中的状态以及反相悬浮聚合中的主要影响因素做了着重叙述。     

氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物在水相中的羧基功能化

利用水相悬浮聚合工艺制备了带有羧基官能团的氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物.研究了马来酸酐与乙醇酯化反应温度、反应时间等条件对马来酸单乙酯产率的影响规律,马来酸酐酯化产物在水油混合相中的混溶实验表明马来酸单乙酯具有亲水、亲油性能.利用水相悬浮聚合将马来酸酐酯化物加入到氯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯中制得改性氯醋共聚物,随酯化物用量的增加,共聚物的平均粒径减小,酸值提高;同时,改性树脂涂膜后,涂层与铝基材间的附着力也相应提高.此外,FT-IR分析表明树脂中已成功引入羧基官能团.     

反相悬浮聚合合成高吸水性树脂研究

采用反相悬浮聚合法合成丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂．通过正交实验研究了反应单体浓度、丙烯酸中和度、交联剂、引发剂及反应温度对反相悬浮聚合产物性能的影响。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to