新疆高光强条件下小麦群体光合能力的研究

对新疆大陆性气候条件下春小麦群体光合能力进行研究,结果表明:新疆小麦在相同的光强下具有较高的群体表观净光合速率,具有较高的光合生产潜力,其CAP的值在-15~45μmol.m-2.s-1,与山东小麦群体光合能力比较,群体光补偿点相近,光饱和点高出1.5~3.0万lx,CAP最大值在拔节期高出4~7μmol.m-2.s-1,开花期高出6~10μmol.m-2.s-1;温光效应分析表明,光强是影响新疆春小麦群体光合能力主导生态因子,中午光强超过光饱和点是造成群体光合“午休”现象的重要原因。     

红楠苗期光合特性的研究

用CIRAS-2便携式光合测定系统,以2年生红楠为试材,研究了红楠苗期的光合特性.结果表明,苗期红楠叶片光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线型,最高峰出现在10:00左右,峰值持续时间相对较长,不存在光合午休现象;光补偿点(LCP)为41μmol.m-2.s-1,光饱和点(LSP)为1 200μmol.m-2.s-1,表观量子效率(AQY)为0.041 8μmol.mol-1,表明红楠应属于阳性树种.     

NPK施肥处理对设施甜椒光合特性的影响

试验研究了高温时期利用不同NPK配合施肥对设施甜椒光合特性的影响,结果表明:NPK不同配合与CK相比,能促进甜椒生长发育和提高光合速率。各处理甜椒的光合速率(Pn)在一天中均呈"双峰"曲线变化,4种处理甜椒植株均在11:30左右出现最大值,以NPK配合处理最高,可达30.20μmol.m-2.s-1,蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间CO2浓度(Ci)也发生变化;并通过计算机模拟程序得出该甜椒品种的光饱和点为1193.62μmol.m-2.s-1。     

虾脊兰光合-光响应曲线的拟合及分析

作者利用Li-6400便携式光合仪测定虾脊兰(Calanthe discolor Lindl.)的光合-光响应曲线,并用3种运用较为广泛的模型对其进行拟合,探讨虾脊兰光合-光响应的最适模型并通过拟合得到最大净光合速率、光补偿点、光饱和点等光合参数.此外,还分析了影响虾脊兰光合作用的主要因子.结果表明:(1)虾脊兰光合-光响应改进直角双曲线模型拟合R2为0.997,拟合效果优于直角双曲线模型和非直角双曲线模型,且其拟合值与实测值最接近.因此应将改进直角双曲线模型作为研究虾脊兰光合-光响应的首选模型;(2)经改进直角双曲线模型拟合得到的虾脊兰光合生理参数符合阴生植物特征,其表观量子效率()为0.045 mol·mol-1、最大净光合速率(Pmax)为3.772μmol CO2·m-2·s-1、光补偿点(LCP)为2.209μmol·m-2·s-1、光饱和点(LSP)为867.678μmol·m-2·s-1、暗呼吸速率(Rd)为-0.099μmol·m-2·s-1;(3)光合有效辐射是虾脊兰光合作用的主要影响因子.此外,胞间CO2浓度与气孔导度这两个生理因子也对其有影响.综上所述,在人工栽培虾脊兰的过程中应选择阴蔽度较高的环境.     

4种模型对黄枝油杉光合光响应曲线的拟合分析

【目的】为找出黄枝油杉(Keteleeria calcarea)光合光响应曲线的最佳模型,以得到较为准确的光合特征参数。【方法】采用Li-6400便携式光合系统对黄枝油杉的光合光响应曲线进行测定,并通过4种模型(直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、指数模型和直角双曲线修正模型)对其光响应曲线进行拟合。【结果】直角双曲线模型和非直角双曲线模型的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)拟合值高于实测值,而指数模型和直角双曲线修正模型的拟合值与实测值较为接近;在4种模型中,直角双曲线修正模型的Isat拟合值(850.45μmol·m-2·s-1)与实测值(800μmol·m-2·s-1)最为接近,其余3种模型求得的Isat远低于实测值。直角双曲线修正模型对黄枝油杉的光响应曲线拟合得到的Pnmax、光饱和点(Isat)、光补偿点(Ic)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)分别为5.06μmol·m-2·s-1、850.45μmol·m-2·s-1、7.86μmol·m-2·s-1和0.816μmol·m-2·s-1。【结论】直角双曲线修正模型的拟合效果最好,指数模型次之,非直角双曲线模型和直角双曲线模型的拟合效果最差。     

草珊瑚叶片的光能利用特性研究

采用LI-6400便携式光合仪对草珊瑚1、2年生两类叶片光能利用特性进行系统测定与比较.得知草珊瑚1、2年生叶片的光饱和点均在800μmol.m-2.s-1左右,光补偿点分别为32.25μmol.m-2.s-1和19.13μmol.m-2.s-1;净光合速率日变化均呈"双峰"曲线,上下午各有一高峰,在11:00左右净光合速率显著降低,出现光合"午休"现象;影响净光合速率日变化主要因子有二氧化碳浓度(CO2S)(0.9858**)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)(0.983 6**)、气孔导度(Cond)(0.8603*)、蒸腾速率(Tr)(0.7408*)和光合有效辐射(PAR)(0.7276*).     

桉树净光合速率日变化的季节动态研究

利用Li-6400便携式光合仪,测定桉树2011—2012年4个季节的净光合速率,及其影响因子光合有效辐射、叶温、叶温饱和蒸汽压亏缺(ppdl)的日变化。结果表明:桉树春季与夏季净光合速率日变化曲线均呈双峰型,秋季和冬季分别呈2种不同的单峰型。不同季节的桉树平均净光合速率变化趋势为:春季(10.248μmol.m-2.s-1)>夏季(7.349μmol.m-2.s-1)>秋季(3.645μmol.m-2.s-1)>冬季(2.505μmol.m-2.s-1)。净光合速率与光合有效辐射在4个季节呈现极大的同步性,但当光强达到800μmol.m-2.s-1以上且急剧骤升时,桉树产生光抑制现象。叶温及ppdl在春季、秋季和冬季均呈现稳定的随着白天时间增长其值稳增的日变化规律,而夏季叶温和ppdl日变化波动较大,且数值都相对较高。     

不同光照条件下生长的曼地亚红豆杉光合特性的比较研究

研究了不同光照条件下3年生曼地亚红豆杉幼苗的光合生理特性,结果表明:自然光、1层遮荫、2层遮荫条件下生长的曼地亚红豆杉光饱和点分别为:887μmol·m-2·s-1,763μmol·m-2·s-1,650μmol·m-2·s-1;光补偿点分别为117μmol·m-2·s-1,96μmol·m-2·s-1和87μmol·m-2·s-1.遮荫增加了幼苗叶绿素含量,而叶绿素a的含量A与叶绿素b的含量B的比值降低,光呼吸速率升高,暗呼吸速率降低.1层遮荫下生长的幼苗叶绿素含量、表观量子效率、叶片厚度、叶面积及生物量最高.1层遮荫(50%透光率)的环境是曼地亚红豆杉在重庆低海拔地区较适宜的光环境.     

银杏与珊瑚树光合及蒸腾特性研究

通过测定相同生境中银杏(Ginkgobiloba)与珊瑚树(Viburnumodoratissimum)的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等生理性指标及其叶绿素含量,研究了两种植物在栽培条件下的光合与蒸腾特性。结果表明:银杏的光补偿点(45μmolm-2s-1)和光饱和点(1236μmolm-2s-1)高于珊瑚树的光补偿点(31μmol·m-2·s-1)和光饱和点(1125μmol·m-2·s-1),前者的光合作用最适温度也高于后者。银杏和珊瑚树的净光合速率日变化都呈现中午降低型,其蒸腾速率日变化也均呈单峰曲线变化。两种植物的气孔导度在午间保持较低值,对光合作用有明显的限制作用。     

重庆石灰岩地区十大功劳(Mahonia fortunei) 的光合响应研究

运用开放式气体交换CI-310便携式光合作用测定系统,研究了重庆石灰岩地区适生灌木十大功劳(Mahonia fortunei)的光合光响应特性.结果表明十大功劳的净光合速率对光合有效辐射的响应模型为二次曲线方程;蒸腾速率对光的响应模型为一次线性方程;气孔导度对光的响应趋势基本与光合速率一致;胞间CO2浓度的响应趋势与净光合速率恰好相反.净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度均与气孔导度有较强的线性关系.十大功劳的光补偿点为61 μmol·m-2·s-1,光饱和点为1 725 μmol·m-2·s-1,为典型的阳性植物,有较高的水分利用效率,但以牺牲光能利用效率为代价.这些光合响应特性是与石灰岩地区的生境相适应的.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.