多旋回沉积盆地地温场与烃源岩演化--以苏北盆地为例

目的 恢复苏北盆地古地温场，进行热演化史研究，确定主要的生烃时期。方法 在盆地演化史分析的基础上，应用镜质体反射率、包裹体分析等技术。结果 苏北盆地新生代具有多旋回盆地演化的特点，地温梯度呈降低趋势，古近纪40～45℃／km，新近纪30℃／km左右；烃源岩演化经历了早期生烃、中期生烃停滞、晚期生烃3个阶段。结论 烃源岩成熟度主要受古地温场的控制，而与现今地温梯度无关；渐新世持续18Ma的三垛抬升运动是造成苏北盆地烃源岩演化程度低的主要原因。     

利用伊／蒙混层矿物对山东济阳坳陷古地温和剥蚀深度的反演

山东济阳坳陷盆地是受太平洋板块构造俯冲运动的影响,形成于古近系的古新世-始新世（Ek—Es）．本文通过对济阳坳陷盆地中Esd—Ek地层自生伊／蒙混层矿物的研究,探讨了其经历的古地温和古地温梯度,在此基础上,对Es4-Ek地层的剥蚀深度进行了估算．研究发现,东营凹陷郝科l井处自生伊／蒙混层矿物反映的Es4～Ek古地温梯度为3．90℃／100m,剥蚀厚度为360m左右;惠民凹陷盘深3井中Ek古地温梯度为3．92℃／100m,剥蚀厚度为135m左右;沾化凹陷桩深1井中Es4～Ek古地温梯度为3．82℃／100m,而该处Es4-Ek地层基本没有剥蚀．但从沾化凹陷中自生伊／蒙混层矿物的分布特征看,在义170井处的Es4地层剥蚀厚度达390m,可见沾化凹陷中Es4-Ek地层剥蚀厚度变化较大．另外,济阳坳陷盆地的古地温梯度普遍高于现今地温梯度,该盆地自形成以来一直处于降温状态．研究结果说明利用伊／蒙混层矿物特征来探讨古地温,获取古地温梯度,并恢复剥蚀厚度是一个比较有效的方法．     

鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区中生界热演化史探讨

目的对富县地区中生界热演化史进行探讨,为该区油气勘探及资源评价提供依据。方法统计测温资料和地化资料,采用古地温恢复法、声波时差剥蚀厚度法及盆地模拟法,恢复最大古地温梯度、烃源岩热演化史及生烃史。结果该区三叠纪进入快速沉降阶段,早侏罗世—早白垩世进入缓慢沉降阶段,早白垩世晚期以来进入后期抬升阶段,剥蚀厚度1 100～1 200 m。结论富县地区长7段烃源岩在中侏罗世174 Ma,进入低成熟阶段;早白垩世136 Ma,进入成熟阶段;早白垩世晚期96 Ma,埋深达到最大,Ro=0.85%,地温梯度为4.8℃/100 m;早白垩世晚期96 Ma以来,生烃作用减弱。富县地区长7烃源岩主生烃期为早白垩世。     

四川盆地古地温梯度和中-新生代构造热历史

根据27口井的镜质体反射率剖面,恢复了四川盆地早白垩世末—古新世时的古地温梯度.结果表明,古地温梯度介于20~25℃.km-1,总体呈南部略大于北部、东部大于西部的分布特征.根据古今地温梯度的对比,川西坳陷新生代早期以来地温梯度没有明显的变化,川东和川东北地区晚中生代以来地温梯度下降,而川中和川南地区晚中生代以来地温梯度升高.结合构造演化背景分析,盆地中新生代热历史主要受二叠纪末期的构造热事件、中生代晚期以来岩石圈厚度演化以及现今活动构造的影响.其中,二叠纪末期的构造热事件波及盆地大部分地区;现今活动构造对川南地区有明显的影响;中生代晚期以来的岩石圈厚度演化,可能是控制中新生代盆地大部分地区热历史的主要因素.     

丁集煤矿深部地温预测

针对丁集煤矿矿井高温热害严重的问题,采用井下炮眼温度测定方法,测量地温;借助有限元ANSYS的热耦合分析程序,模拟岩巷和煤巷调热圈,修正矿井地温,确定地温梯度．预测该矿深部地温。结果表明,该矿-500m水平以上、以下的地温梯度分别为3．5、4．0℃／hm;采煤层深度为一600m以下的地温在38℃以上,属于二级热害区。该研究可为矿井深部降温提供数据参考。     

塔里木盆地塔中地区地质热历史研究

为了解塔里木盆地以及塔中地区构造演化史 ,对塔中地区古地温梯度的变化趋势进行了研究 ,利用磷灰石裂变径迹与镜质体反射率反演计算了塔中地区 3口井的地质热历史 .结合前人研究成果 ,认为塔中地区自古生代以来古地温总体呈下降趋势 ,其间存在两个相对较高的古地温期 ,一个是寒武纪—早奥陶世 ,另一个是二叠纪 ;早古生代塔中地区古地温梯度较高 ,寒武纪—早奥陶世地温梯度为 3 .2～ 3 .5℃ / 1 0 0m ,此后地温梯度显著下降 ;石炭纪古地温略有上升 ,二叠纪时地温梯度可能达到 3℃ / 1 0 0m ;中生代古地温梯度平缓下降 ,中生代末地温梯度 2 5℃ / 1 0 0m左右 ;新生代地温梯度变化不大 ,现今地温梯度 2 2℃ / 1 0 0m左右     

伊宁凹陷古地温恢复与热演化史研究

应用包裹体测温和Easy-R.方法恢复了伊宁凹陷的古地温演化史,结果表明伊宁凹陷晚二叠世的地温梯度约为40℃/km,以后经过两次波动(分别对应于K1和E1两次构造运动)逐渐减小到现今的24℃/km.上二叠统烃源岩热演化程度主要受古地温控制,主生油期在中晚三叠世.印支期及其以前形成的圈闭,是二叠系油气聚集的主要场所.     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区下古生界热演化史

通过钻井和试气资料,统计了延长探区马家沟组现今地层温度.应用地化资料,对马家沟组烃源岩热演化程度进行了评价;应用多种古地温研究方法恢复该区最大古地温梯度;采用将今论古方法探讨了该区各个时期的古地温梯度.在剥蚀厚度恢复的基础上,详细配置各个地层的岩性、物性、地化参数等指标,恢复了该区埋藏沉降史和热演化史.沉降史模拟表明晚三叠世(217～207Ma)为该区沉降的主要发育时期.热演化史模拟表明:延长探区马家沟组烃源岩在晚三叠世末期进入成熟阶段,晚侏罗世进入高成熟阶段,早白垩世达到过成熟干气阶段.下古生界烃源岩主生烃期为晚侏罗—早白垩世.     

淮南朱集井田现今地温场特征及其影响因素分析

矿井热害是目前淮南煤田煤矿地质工作的主要研究内容之一。文中在汇总和分析井田内32个地面钻孔井温测井数据和2个井下巷道岩温测试数据的基础上,绘制了地温-深度关系图、地温梯度-深度关系图以及井田现今地温梯度分布图,并探讨了该区现今地温场特征及其影响因素。研究表明:朱集井田现今地温梯度介于1.7~3.8℃/hm,平均2.83℃/hm,地温整体较高,在垂向上表现为传导型增温特点,在平面上表现为南高北低、东高西低的特点;地质构造对区内现今地温场起着主要控制作用,岩性特征和地下水活动对地温场的分布也有一定的影响。     

三塘湖盆地条湖、马朗凹陷沉降史分析

目的 恢复三塘湖盆地条湖凹陷和马朗凹陷自二叠纪以来的沉降史。方法 利用回剥技术，根据压实校正模型和艾利均衡模型对两凹陷的总沉降量及构造沉降量进行求取。结果 马朗凹陷主要经历了2个隆起期和3个沉降期，条湖凹陷为3个隆起期和4个沉降期；早、中二叠世两凹陷的沉降幅度很大，沉积速率最大可达133．46m／Ma；晚白垩世的隆起幅度最大，地层剥蚀厚度可达846m。结论 晚二叠-早侏罗世，盆地的沉降中心位于条湖凹陷，从中侏罗世西山窑期开始盆地的沉降中心向东迁至马朗凹陷内。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.