3%C-Cu机械球磨复合粉末的烧结

为了给后续的致密化工序(如热挤压)提供较高质量的烧结坯,用扫描电镜和光学显微镜分析了3%C-Cu机械球磨复合粉末所制备烧结坯的显微组织,并研究了工艺参数对其相对致密度的影响规律.结果表明,烧结温度对未机械球磨混合粉烧结行为的影响很大,而机械球磨复合粉对烧结温度不敏感.真空热压烧结可以明显地促进致密化过程.提高烧结温度、延长烧结保温时间或增加热压压强,均有助于提高烧结坯的相对致密度.在相同条件下,烧结坯的相对致密度随着复合粉末机械球磨时间的延长而降低.     

机械合金化制备WC—Co纳米硬质合金

本文利用机械合金化技术研究了ＷＣ－Ｃｏ的合金化过程,成功地制备出纳米ＷＣ－Ｃｏ合金粉末,通过真空烧结成型工艺获得了平均晶粒度小于２００ｎｍ的ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金,其硬度达到１７．４ｋＮ／ｍｍ２,烧结密度为１０．９ｇ／ｃｍ３．对纳米ＷＣ－Ｃｏ粉末的烧结工艺作了初步探讨,通过添加少量的ＶＣ能有效地抑制烧结过程中晶粒的长大．     

Al2O3颗粒强化Ni3Al合金的机械合金化合成及烧结

利用机械合金化方法合成了Ni3Al金属间化合物和Al2O3混合粉末，并用放电等离子烧结技术，将Ni3Al／Al2O3混合粉末烧结成块状烧结体。研究了烧结体的显微组织和力学性能。X射线检测表明:Ni粉和Al粉在高能球磨机中球磨5h．即可转变为Ni3Al金属间化合物。采用放电等离子烧结技术在1000℃保温3min．就可以烧结成相对密度约为99％的较致密的复合材料烧结体。     

高能球磨纳米镍粉制备块体材料的研究

采用高能球磨法制备了纳米晶Ni粉末,对纳米晶粉末进行预压烧结,获得纳米晶镍块体材料.采用显微分析方法研究了纳米晶粉末和块体材料的显微组织结构.试验结果表明,高能球磨所得镍粉平均晶粒尺寸为10 nm;预压烧结块体的平均晶粒尺寸在100 nm以下;块体相对致密度在烧结温度为0.6Tm时达到最大值.     

高Ni/Fe比 W-Ni-Fe系重合金烧结行为

研究了钨质量分数为９０％的高Ｎｉ／Ｆｅ比Ｗ-Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ系重合金在不同工艺参数（烧结温度、 烧结时间等）下的烧结行为．研究结果表明：在相同烧结条件下,随粘结相中ＮｉＮｅ比增加钨合 金烧结密度增加,致密化速率提高,同时烧结过程中Ｗ晶粒生长速率增大：当Ｎｉ／Ｆｅ比较低时, 钨合金在循环烧结条件下难以实现完全致密化;但对高Ｎｉ／Ｆｅ比钨合金,循环烧结不仅可以获 得比等温烧结更高的烧结密度,而且还可以有效地控制烧结过程中Ｗ晶粒的长大,获得细晶 钨合金．     

新型TiC钢结硬质合金致密化技术

采用行星式球磨机对Fe-3.0Cr-3.0Mo-0.5Cu.0.5C-33TiC新型钢结硬质合金混合粉末进行高能球磨,对烧结后的合金进行热等静压和锻造处理,研究球磨时间、热等静压及锻造工艺对合金组织、性能及孔隙度的影响.研究结果表明:高能球磨使粉末细化和成分均匀化,促进烧结进程,随球磨时间的延长,合金组织细化且致密;热等静压和锻造工艺可进一步减小和消除合金中烧结后残留的孔洞等缺陷;锻造作为最后工艺,可使TiC颗粒之间的连接破碎,促使硬质相颗粒弥散分布,从而改善烧结组织,提高合金的致密性及力学性能.     

Fe-Cr-Mo-C 系粉末压坯烧结致密化机理

研究了烧结温度对Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｏ－Ｃ系试样密度及性能的影响,探讨了实现烧结致密化的机理．结果表明,采用真空烧结工艺,在１１６０～１２６０℃范围内,Ｆｅ－（１３～２０）Ｃｒ－１．５Ｍｏ－（１．８～３．６）Ｃ粉末压块可实现液相烧结致密化,制得密度大于７．３ｇ／ｃｍ３,硬度ＨＲＡ７０以上的高Ｃｒ烧结铁基材料．适宜的液相烧结温度随Ｃ含量增加而降低．     

粉末铁基高温合金的制备工艺研究

采用粉末机械合金化-温压成型-真空烧结等方法制备了氧化物弥散强化铁基高温合金MA956,并对其制备工艺和组织性能进行了研究。结果表明,高能振动球磨4h粉末颗粒细小均匀,已经基本实现了合金化,将其在120℃、500MPa条件下进行温压成型,压坯密度比常温模压工艺提高了0．3g／cm3;烧结温度对烧结体组织和性能有较大的影响,粉末压坯在1350℃烧结其致密度最高,为90．8％,且显微组织致密性好。     

高能球磨Ti/Al复合粉固相反应烧结工艺

采用金相和能谱方法对Ti、Al箔的固相扩散反应行为进行了研究,建立了TiAl3相层厚度生长的计算公式.并在此基础上,探讨了球磨Ti/Al复合粉的两步固相烧结工艺.研究表明:两步固相烧结法可有效抑制烧结引起的粉末体变形,获得具有典型显微组织的致密烧结材料;尽管延长低温预烧时间可获得由TiAl与Ti3Al组成的热稳定性较好的组织,但组织致密度偏低,为了获得高致密的TiAl合金,仍需后续高温烧结.实验还表明,高能球磨促进了TiAl基合金组织细化,且球磨时间越长烧结组织晶粒越细小;双态组织中的层片组织含量随球磨时间延长而增加,但长时间球磨由于非晶化的出现又会引起层片组织含量下降.     

球磨过程中粉末的行为变化

在不同的球径、转速、球料比和球磨介质等条件下,对多种微细粉末（Ｆｅ,Ｃｒ,Ｎｉ,Ｍｏ,Ｃ,ＷＣ和ＴｉＣ）进行了一系列球磨试验．结果发现,采用高转速、大球料比、合适的球径以及湿磨状态可以改善球磨效果．另外,单质粉末的晶体结构类型是决定其球磨难易程度的一个重要因素．对于金属碳化物,则主要归因于其脆性的影响．此外,还探讨了单质铁粉在球磨过程中粒度与时间的数学关系．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to