两相流稀相微粒速度场测量技术研究

通过引入粒子计数法，对基于二进制图像分析算法(BICC)的粒子图像速度场仪(PIV)的粒子图像跟踪技术进行了改进。数值模拟了3个典型的两相流稀相微粒流场，即等线速度旋转流场、旋涡流场和两个相向运动的射流汇合流场，并把改进后的微粒跟踪技术用于模拟流场中粒子对的识别研究。结果表明：改进后的方法能很好地识别与跟踪粒子对，计算速度快，准确率高达97％，适用于两相流稀相微粒速度场的测量；随着粒子对数目的增大，相关系数降低；随着粒子半径的减小，相关系数分布渐趋陡峭；最佳粒子对数目为8～12，最佳粒子图像半径为3～8像素。     

气固两相射流瞬时速度场和浓度场的PIV研究

为深入了解气固两相流的瞬态特性,利用自行建立的粒子图像测速(PIV)系统对出口内径为10mm的气固两相自由射流流场进行了实验研究。将小粒子(粒径在1μm左右)和大粒子(粒径大约100μm)混合后,添加到气流中,应用PIV技术获得的图像,经处理后分裂成气相和固相两组PIV图像,通过数据处理后,得到了瞬时的气固两相速度场和固相浓度场的分布,同时对气固两相流动特性进行了分析,证实利用PIV技术可有效实现气固两相流的测量。     

基于光流法的粒子图像测速

以对粒子图像测速为目标,使用光流场针对数字图像建立整体光流模型,计算出粒子图像各像素点的速度场。对比不同粒子条件下的速度场从而获得符合光流法测试的粒子图像。采用了基于微分方程的Lucsa-kanade光流场计算方法,对流场显示进行定量化测速,实现对了流场的瞬态测量。光流法应用于粒子图像测速技术中,可用于速度场计算,也可用于修正原有的互相关算法得到的错误矢量。     

水力旋流器内部流场模拟分析与PIV验证

以直径为140mm水力旋流器作为研究对象,采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术对旋流器内部流场进行数值模拟,并对所建立的模型进行激光粒子图像测速(PIV)实验验证。基于数值模拟和实验结果,分析了旋流器内部压力、切向速度、轴向速度和径向速度的分布。利用PIV技术对旋流器内部流场进行测量,考察了不同入口速度下旋流器圆柱段区域瞬态速度场。通过对比数值计算与测试结果表明:CFD模拟可以有效预测水力旋流器内部流场分布,帮助探索旋流器内的流动状态和分离机理;利用PIV技术测量旋流器内部流动特性和速度分布,其测量结果与CFD计算结果吻合良好,验证了数值模型的准确性。     

内燃机缸内流场PIV测试技术中获取数据的方法

把 PIV流场测量技术用于内燃机缸内流场的研究 ,并提出了一种从 PIV粒子图像中获得速度信息的新方法 ,使计算速度更快 ,测量结果的可靠性更高 .     

盐析液固两相流场的PIV测量方法

利用粒子图像速度场仪(particle image velocimetry,以下简称PIV)测量离心泵叶轮内部伴有盐析的液固两相流场.用图像采集卡将CCD相机拍摄的流动图像实时地传输并存储到计算机中,采用自行开发的液固两相流图像处理及分析软件,先把粒子从背景中分离出来,然后通过算法,根据粒径的大小分离出固相和液相两相流的粒子.经过实际测量研究表明,该方法对硬件的依赖小,测量成本低,是一种测量输送含有盐析晶体的液固两相流动的有效方法.     

粒子图像速度场仪的特点及其应用

介绍了粒子图像速度场仪(PIV)的特点,结合在水流流场中的实际应用,为CFD实验研究提供了验证的依据.     

多时距PIV技术在复杂流场测量中的应用

采用一种多时间间距适配(多时距)的粒子图像测速(PIV)技术对静水与横流环境下的垂向圆管射流流场进行测量，对比分析了多时距PIV技术测量结果的可靠性，探究了静水与横流环境下垂向圆管射流的运动特性。结果表明，多时距PIV技术得到的测量结果能够精确反映射流在静水和横流环境中的时均特征和紊动特征，且其精度明显优于传统PIV技术所得到的测量结果。研究发现，多时距PIV技术可既方便又精准地测量视窗内速度变化大的流场。     

内燃机缸内流场测量示踪粒子的选取与供给

为了了解内燃机缸内流场状况，研究了使用激光粒子图像PIV测量技术时示踪粒子的选取原则和添加方法，介绍了自行研制的带有Laskin喷嘴的新型粒子添加装置及其在实际发动机缸内流场测量中的具体应用．结果表明，该装置可以产生粒径均匀的液态示踪粒子，这些粒子具有良好的跟随性和光散射特性，所得的PIV测量结果比较理想．     

单液滴在射流场中的形变及破碎实验研究

在射流场中对自由上升单液滴的形变和破碎过程进行了研究。采用高速摄像技术拍摄记录液滴的初始形状、上升速度、进入射流场后的形变破碎等现象，运用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术研究了射流场的流场情况。通过改变液滴初始粒径大小、入射位置、射流速度等参数考察了在不同射流速度下液滴在流场中的形变破碎过程。结果表明，液滴在进入射流场后会发生3个尺度的形变过程，随后会发生从生成子液滴数为两个至多个不等的二元破碎至多元破碎现象；液滴一次破碎位置随流场剪切力而变化，主体破碎区域为射流场的中间部分；液滴在射流场中生成的子液滴数量会随入射流量、入射位置和母液滴粒径的改变发生变化。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to