红外光谱法研究聚硅氯化铝混凝剂的结构特征

制备不同碱化度（Ｂ）和不同（Ｓｉ／Ａｌ）摩尔比的系列聚硅氯化铝（ＰＡＳＣ）作为混凝剂,进行常压干燥（干燥温度１０５℃）制备固体产品。用红外光谱法研究了碱化度、Ｓｉ／Ａｌ摩尔比对ＰＡＳＣ的结构的影响。实验结果表明,ＰＡＳＣ聚合形态结构取决于碱化度及Ｓｉ／Ａｌ摩尔比的大小,随着Ｂ值增大和Ｓｉ／Ａｌ摩尔比的减少,聚硅酸与铝离子及铝的水解络合铝离子产物之间的相互作用减弱。     

~（27）AlNMR法研究PACS水中稀释形态分布

用２７ＡｌＮＭＲ方法研究了碱化度（Ｂ），Ａｌ３＋／ＳＯ摩尔比及水中稀释过程对ＰＡＣＳ（含ＳＯ的聚合氯化铝）结构的影响．实验结果表明，ＰＡＣＳ中铝含量大子０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，水中稀释对ＰＡＣＳ聚合度影响较大，小于０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ后水中稀释对ＰＡＣＳ聚合度影响较小．水中稀释可使聚合大分子向Ａｌ１３结构转化，这种转化能力的大小取决于ＰＡＣＳ中Ｂ的高低和Ａｌ３＋／ＳＯ摩尔比的大小．Ｂ的提高或ＳＯ含量的增加（Ａｌ３＋／ＳＯ摩尔比减小），都使这种转化能力有所增加．     

^27AlNMR法研究PACS水中稀释形态分布

用＾２７ＡｌＮＭＲ方法研究了碱化度（Ｂ），Ａｌ＾３＋／ＳＯ＾２－４摩尔比及水中稀释过程对ＰＡＣＳ（含ＳＯ＾２－４的聚合氯化铝）结构的影响，实验结果表明，ＰＡＣＳ中铝含量大于０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，水中稀释ＰＡＣＳ聚合度影响较大，小于０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ后水中稀释对ＰＡＣＳ聚合度影响较小，水中稀释可使聚合大分子向Ａｌ１３结构转化，这种转化能力的大小取决于ＰＡＣＳ中Ｂ的高低和Ａｌ＾３＋／ＳＯ＾２－４摩尔比的大     

PACS中铝水解形态分布

采用Ａｏ－Ｆｅｒｒｏｎ农时络合比色法研究了ＰＡＣＳ中铝水解形态分布随熟化时间的变化，考究了在没经时间，碱化度（Ｂ）Ａｌ＾３＋／ＳＯ＾２－４摩尔比和稀释作用对铝水解形态分布的影响。实验结果表明，熟化时间及稀释作用对铝水解形态分布影响不大；碱化度及Ａｌ＾３＋／ＳＯ＾２－４摩尔比对铝水解开矿分布有影响，Ａｌａ含量随着三化度的升高而降低。     

煤矸石制PACS及其性能研究

本文提出了一种以煤矸石为主要原料制备聚硫氯化铝（简称ＰＡＣＳ）的新方法，并研究了影响ＰＡＣＳ性能的主要因素。实验结果表明，当（摩尔比）为１４～１６，碱化度为６５％～７０％，ｐＨ值为６～９时，ＰＡＣＳ的絮凝效果最佳。     

静高压在多层Al／Fe—Mo—Si—B纳米合金复合材料…

在３￣５．５ＧＰａ的压力范围内，经过８７３Ｋ，３０ｍｉｎｈ等温热处理由非（Ｆｅ０．９９Ｍｏ０．０１）７８Ｓｉ９Ｂ１３（ＦＭＳＢ）条带和纯金属Ａｌ片交替叠成的样品，制备出多层Ａｌ／Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ纳米合金复合材料。研究了静高压在复合材料制备中影响非晶ＦＭＳＢ合金晶化相，Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ纳米合金晶粒度和Ａｌ／Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ复合材料界面相的规律及机制。     

导电性聚酰胺／聚苯胺共混物的研究

通过化学方法制备了导电聚苯胺包覆的共聚聚酰胺微粒（ＰＡ／ＰＡＮＩ－ＨＣｌ）,运用傅里叶变换红外（ＦＴＩＲ）光谱和紫外／可见（ＵＶ／Ｖｉｓ）光谱表征了其结构．电导率测试表明,ＰＡ／ＰＡＮＩ－ＨＣｌ的电导率服从逾渗规律,逾渗阈值为１７％．由于共聚聚酰胺（ＰＡ）的熔点低,ＰＡ／ＰＡＮＩ－ＨＣｌ在１３０℃时有良好的热塑性,可制成导电性共混高分子材料,但热处理却使电导率下降了１～２个数量级．对ＰＡ／ＰＡＮＩ－ＨＣｌ脱掺杂得到的ＰＡ／ＰＡＮＩＥＢ,在间甲酚中有良好的溶解性,而且当聚苯胺含量低于１０％时,能全部溶解于间甲酚．     

XPS和^29Si MAS NMR在不同分子筛的化学组成及电子结构中？…

采用光电子能谱和Ｓｉ核磁共振及化学分析方法研究了五种不同分子筛纳型和钾型的化学组成。结果发现，分子筛的Ａｌ／（Ｓｉ＋Ａｌ）比和骨架Ａｌ／（Ｓｉ＋Ａｌ）比与其体相Ａｌ（Ｓｉ＋Ａｌ）比具有一致性，其电子结构与其组成及阳离子有关。分子筛表面晶格氧碱强度与其铝含量成正比，与阳离子的电负性成反比。     

复合增聚型铁铝无机高分子絮凝剂PAFCS的红外光谱研究

利用煤矸石及硫铁矿渣制备出了一种新型无机高分子絮凝剂聚硫酸氯化铁铝（ＰＡＦＣＳ），研究了ＰＡＦＣＳ的红外（ＩＲ）光谱结构特征．ＩＲ谱分析表明ＰＡＦＣＳ是Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）十Ａｌ（Ⅲ）与羟基（－ＯＨ）以双羟桥为主结构连接的较复杂的高聚物．其ＩＲ图谱峰形与α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，α－ＦｅＯＯＨ及Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３等明显不同．比较了ＰＡＦＣＳ，ＰＡＣ，ＰＦＳ，ＰＡＣＳ的光谱特征，表明ＰＡＦＣＳ与已知文献报道的絮凝剂ＰＡＣ，ＰＦＳ，ＰＡＣＳ有类似性，即由３１００～３６００ｃｍ（－１）处的ＯＨ伸缩振动及１６００～１６５０ｃｍ（－１）Ｈ－Ｏ－Ｈ弯曲振动的畸变，表明有结构羟基存在；在１１００ｃｍ（－１）附近Ｍ－ＯＨ－Ｍ伸缩振动峰为中等强度峰，证明有铁羟基或铝羟基以及聚合态存在．     

碱土云母可切削玻璃陶瓷的研究

基于Ｂａ０．５Ｍｇ３（Ｓｉ３ＡｌＯ１０）Ｆ２－Ｍｇ２Ａｌ４Ｓｉ５Ｏ１８－Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２系统，制备出了含Ｂａ碱土云母为主晶相的可切削玻璃陶瓷，弯曲强度σｂ＝２２９ＭＰａ，断裂韧性ＫＩＣ＝２．４８ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，钻孔速度大于７ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ。优良性能的获得借助于Ｂａ云母玻璃陶瓷可控的微观组织，即相互交错的云母晶体和“卷心菜”的组织特征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.