新的1—特丁基—7—取代氟吡酮酸的合成和构效关系

自萘啶酸发现以来,已经合成了大量的6-氟吡酮酸类化合物,其中几个7位带有哌嗪取代基的成为良好的抗菌剂。如氟哌酸、氟啶酸、环丙氟哌酸、氟嗪酸和双氟哌酸(Difloxacin)。这些吡甜酸类抗菌剂的1位取代基不同。最近已经报道在吡酮酸的1位可能取代基中,特丁基(化合物7a和7b)取代增加了抗菌活性,特别是抗革兰氏阳性菌的活性。本文报道7-(取代氨基)-6-氟-1-特丁基-1,4-二氢喹诺酮和1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸衍生物     

HD-012氟啶酸(Enoxacin)

1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-7-(1-哌嗪基)-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸     

新的氟萘啶酸抗生素DW286的体内外抗菌活性

喹诺酮类药物具有广谱抗菌活性 ,可用于治疗尿路感染。近几年 ,研究新的喹诺酮目的即改善药物动力学性质 ,增加对革兰氏阳性菌、球菌和厌氧菌及喹诺酮耐药菌的活性 ,提高抗菌素对非发酵革兰氏阳性菌种的活性 ,新的氟喹诺酮衍生物的使用将有助于降低对其他抗菌剂的耐药性 ,为达到这一目的 ,合成了一种新的氟喹诺酮衍生物ＤＷ 2 86 ,化学式是 7- [3-氨甲基 - 4-甲氧基亚氨基 - 3-甲基四氢 - 1Ｈ - 1-吡咯甲酰 ]- 1-环丙基 - 6 -氟 - 4-氧代 - 1,4 -二氢 [1,8]-氮杂萘 - 3-羧酸盐酸盐。Ｈｅｅ -Ｊｅｏｎｇ等测定了ＤＷ 2 86在几组临床分离株中…     

新的合成抗菌剂AT-2266

最近,羟基吡啶羧酸类抗菌剂的研究突然增多起来。Enoxacin(AT-2266)就是大日本制药公司开发的新抗菌剂。其化学名为1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-7-(1-哌嗪基)-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸3/2水合物。本品对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌包括沙雷氏菌、绿脓杆菌、非葡萄糖酵解菌以及支原体等均具有抗菌作用。特别对革兰氏阴性菌,其抗菌作用强于庆大霉素。口服本品后,消化道吸收快且具有良好的脏器移行性。本品吸收后大部份不发生代谢,一部份变成氧化物。血中半衰期为4～6小时,24小时内约有65％从尿中排泄。     

CFC-222的体内外活性

CFC-222即 7-([1α,5α,6β]-6氨基1甲基-3氮杂双环[3.2.0]庚烷-3-基)-1-环丙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸三水盐酸盐,是一种具广谱抗菌活性的新氟喹诺酮类药物.     

6-氟喹诺酮类衍生物的合成及抗菌活性

报道一系列7,8-双取代的1-环丙基和1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-3-喹啉羧酸衍生物的合成和体外抗菌活性。其中,1-环丙基-6-氟-7-(4-乙酰氧基哌啶)-8-氯-1,4-氢-4-氧-3-喹啉羧酸(11c)和1-环丙基-6-氟-7-(4-羟基哌啶)-8-氯-1,4-二氢-4-氧-3-喹啉羧酸(11b)同环丙沙星相比有更强的体外活性,尤其对金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧青霉素金葡菌(MRSA)和绿脓杆菌。     

抗菌剂 托磺沙星(TosufloxacinTosylate)

异名 Ozex,Tosuxacin 化学名 (±)-7-(3-氨基-1-吡咯烷基)-6-氟-1-(2,4-二氟苯)-1,4-二氢-4-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸对甲苯磺酸盐水合物药效分类合成抗菌剂开发单位 (日本)富山化学工业公司上市厂商 (日本)大那博特公司;富山化学工业公司,1990年上市药理本品对需氧菌(革兰氏阳性菌、阴性菌)及厌氧菌均有广谱抗菌作用。体外研究表明,对需氧性革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌效力     

喹诺酮类抗菌药物的临床应用

喹诺酮类(4-Quinoiones)又称吡酮酸类或吡啶酮酸类,是一类以1,4-二氢-4-氧-3-氧-3-喳啉羧酮为基本结构的全合成抗菌药物。由于其抗菌谱广、抗菌作用强、安全等特点,故近年来发展十分迅速,临床应用非常广泛。下面就其构效关系及作用原理简述如下: 1 构效关系 喹诺酮类抗菌药含有1-取代-1.4-二氢-4氧-吡啶-3-羧酸部分,萘啶酸(IVA)是第一个喹诺酮抗菌药,它不仅对革兰氏阴性菌有较强的活性,与其他抗生素无交叉耐药性。在喹诺酮研究的基础上,又发现了喹啉,毗啶和萘啶的基本环系4-氧代-3-羧酸骨架、具有抗菌活性所必需的。在1—位之间具有环形取代的化合物,具有生理活性。据报道合成的含有异噻毗环的化合物,其中酸的烯酮式羧基与4-酮是平面的,它具有抗各种革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的优异活性。     

抗菌药(Enoxacin)

化学名 1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-7-(1-哌嗪)-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸倍半水合物药效分类抗菌药物开发单位 (日)大日本制药株式会社上市厂商 (日)大日本制药株式会社1985年8月药理对革兰氏阳性和阴性菌及葡萄糖非发酵菌有抗菌作用。为杀菌类药物,对R质体有较强的传导阻滞作用。对小白鼠的全身、肺、皮肤及尿道感染模型,口服给药后有确切效果。     

7-(取代-5-氮杂螺[2,4]庚烷-5-基)喹诺酮类化合物的合成与抗菌作用

为寻找新的广谱、高效、低毒喹诺酮类抗菌药物,本文设计合成了9个7-(7-甲基氨甲基-5-氮杂螺2,4庚烷-5-基)-1-环丙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸及其类似物,其结构均经1H-NMR、MS所确证,并测定了它们的体外抗菌活性。结果表明,9个目标物均具有广谱活性,其中化合物23、26、27对10株革兰氏阳性菌的MIC值为0.01～0.12μg/ml,其活性远优于对照药加替沙星(MIC值为0.12～1μg/ml)和环丙沙星(MIC值为0.25～4μg/ml)。对10株革兰氏阴性菌的MIC值为0.01～2μg/ml,其活性基本与对照药相当或更优。     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents

Novel arylfluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids have been prepared and their antibacterial activity evaluated. These derivatives are characterized by having a fluorine atom at the 6-position, substituted amino groups at the 7-position, and substituted phenyl groups at the 1-position. The in vitro antibacterial potency is greatest when the 1-substituent is either p-fluorophenyl or o,p-difluorophenyl and the 7-substituent is a 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl group. 1-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,4-dihydro- 4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (38) was found to possess excellent in vitro potency and in vivo efficacy.     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 7-substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids as antitumor agents. Part 1

In an attempt to search for clinically useful antitumor agents, we have discovered that a series of 1,7-disubstituted-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids possessed moderate cytotoxic activity. We investigated the structure-activity relationships in this series of compounds by changing N-1 and C-7 positions and the core ring structure itself and evaluated the synthesized compounds against several murine and human tumor cell lines. These modifications led us to the following findings. (1) The 2-thiazolyl group at the N-1 position of the naphthyridine structure is the best substituent for antitumor activity. (2) Regarding core ring structure, the naphthyridine derivative is the most active followed by pyridopyrimidine analogue. (3) At the C-7 position, aminopyrrolidine derivatives are more effective than other amines or thioether derivatives. Finally, the trans-3-amino-4-methoxypyrrolidinyl derivative (43j) and the 3-amino-3-methylpyrrolidinyl derivative (43f) as well as 3-aminopyrrolidinyl derivative (AT-3639, 1) were determined to be effective in in vitro and in vivo antitumor assays, and their activity was comparable to that of etoposide.     

Pyridonecarboxylic acids as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4 -dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid and its analogues

The title compounds (28-56) with an amino- and/or hydroxy-substituted cyclic amino group at C-7 were prepared with 1-substituted 7-chloro-, 7-(ethylsulfonyl)-, and 7-(tosyloxy)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3- carboxylic acids and their ethyl esters (3-7) with cyclic amines such as 3-aminopyrrolidine. The N-1 substituent includes ethyl, vinyl, and 2-fluoroethyl groups. As a result of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial screenings, three compounds, 1-ethyl- and 1-vinyl-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro- 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids (33a and 33b) and 1-vinyl-7-[3-(methylamino)-1-pyrrolidinyl] analogue 34b, were found to be more active than enoxacin (2) and to be worthy of further biological study. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of a naphthyridine derivative (7-chloro-6-fluoro-N-(2-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-phenyl-3-(phenylamino)propyl)-4-oxo-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide) possessing in vitro anticancer potential

We have previously synthesized a series of 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide derivatives to identify potential anti-cancer/anti-inflammatory compounds. Three derivatives, 7-chloro-N-(3-(cyclopentylamino)-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (C-22), 7-chloro-N-(2-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-phenyl-3-(phenylamino)propyl)-4-oxo-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (C-31) and 7-chloro-6-fluoro-N-(2-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-phenyl-3-(phenylamino)propyl)-4-oxo-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (C-34) demonstrated high cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines and inhibited secretion of IL-1-β and IL-6. In the present study, C-22, C-31 and C-34 were assessed for modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-8, chemokine RANTES and NO produced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mouse Dendritic cells (DCs). Among the 3 compounds, C-34 showed the most potent inhibition of inflammatory markers in DC model at 0.2 and 2 μM. C-34 also significantly downregulated the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1-β and IL-6 by murine splenocytes and THP-1 cells against LPS induced levels. In vitro effects of C-34 on bone marrow toxicity were assessed in CFU-GM assay. Human CFU-GM population was comparatively more sensitive to C-34 (0.1–10 μM) than murine CFU-GM. IC₅₀ values for murine and human CFU-GM were not attained. C-34 was further examined for in vivo suppression of LPS induced cytokines in a mice model. At doses ranging from 1.25 to 5 mg/kg, C-34 led to significant inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1-β, IL-6 and MIP-1-α. At the highest dose of 5 mg/kg, C-34 also protected LPS-treated mice against endotoxin-induced lethality. In conclusion, C-34 demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo in addition to cytotoxic properties. This finding suggests its potential for further development as a synthetic naphthyridine derivative with dual anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory (cytokine inhibition) properties.     

2-Oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives with potent gastric antisecretory properties

The syntheses of 2-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives having potent gastric antisecretory properties in the pyloric-ligated (Shay) rat model are described. Two of the more potent compounds tested that were selected for more detailed dose-response evaluation were 4-amino-1-ethyl-1,2-dihydro-2-oxonaphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (35) and 1-ethyl-1,2-dihydro-7-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2- oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (77). These compounds lowered total acid output in the rat in a dose-related fashion. Both compounds were more potent than cimetidine when tested in the rat. Both 35 and 77 showed inhibitory activity in food-stimulated acid secretion in the Pavlov-pouch, conscious dog. The mechanism of action for this series is not known. Details of structure-activity relationships are described.     

Pyridonecarboxylic acids as antibacterial agents. 2. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,6,7-trisubstituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, including enoxacin, a new antibacterial agent

The title compounds having nitro, amino, cyano, chloro, or fluoro as the C-6 substituent were prepared. Introduction of the chloro and cyano groups at C-6 was accomplished by the Sandmeyer reaction of 6-amino-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives 9 via their 6-diazonium salts. The reaction was extended to the synthesis of the 6-fluoro analogues, involving the Balz-Schiemann reaction of the diazonium tetrafluoroborate. Furthermore, a series of the 1-ethyl, 1-vinyl, 1-(2-fluoroethyl), and 1-(difluoromethyl) analogues of 7-substituted 6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids was prepared. 1-Pyrrolidinyl and, particularly, N-substituted or unsubstituted 1-piperazinyl groups were introduced as the C-7 variants. As a result of this study, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (named enoxacin, originally AT-2266) was found to show the most broad and potent in vitro antibacterial activity, an excellent in vivo efficacy on systemic infections, and a weak acute toxicity. Structure-activity relationships of compounds with variations of substituents at C-1, C-6, and C-7 are also discussed.     

Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.

A series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids, and 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids have been prepared and evaluated for comparative antibacterial activity. Compounds were prepared by acylation of the 3-amino group of the pyrrolidine with common amino acids using standard peptide chemistry. This series has been compared with the parent compounds for antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo as well as for comparative solubility. The amino acid analogues were less active in vitro, but had equal or increased efficacy in vivo. Indeed, it was proven that these compounds, which were stable to acid and base under the reaction conditions for their preparation, were rapidly cleaved in serum to give the parent quinolones. The amino acid derivatives showed a 3-70 times improved solubility when compared to the parent compounds. The most active compound of the series was [S-(R*,R*)]-7-[3-[(2-amino-1-oxopropyl)-amino]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-1- cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PD 131112).     

Antimycobacterial activities of novel 1-(cyclopropyl/tert-butyl/4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro- 6-nitro-4-oxo-7-(substituted secondary amino)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid

Fifty-one 1-(cyclopropyl/tert-butyl/4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-nitro-4-oxo-7-(substituted secondary amino)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids were synthesized and evaluated for antimycobacterial in vitro and in vivo against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB), multi-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Mycobacterium smegmatis (MC2) and also tested for the ability to inhibit the supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase from M. smegmatis. Among the synthesized compounds, 1-tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-7-(4,4-dimethyloxazolidin-3-yl)-6-nitro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (10q) was found to be the most active compound in vitro with an MIC of 0.1 microM against MTB and MDR-TB and was 3 and 455 times more potent than isoniazid against MTB and MDR-TB, respectively. In the in vivo animal model 10q decreased the bacterial load in lung and spleen tissues with 2.39 and 3.89-log10protections respectively at the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight.     

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2-substituted 6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids.

A series of 2-substituted 6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids was prepared and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The 6-fluoro-2-methyl-1-prenyl-1,4-dihydro-7-(3,5-dimethylpiperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (14f) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria among the total 32 derivatives. The synthetic strategies involve the use of well known keto ester condensation of benzoyl chloride and reductive cyclization of intermediates (4a-d) to afford 4-hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-quinoline derivatives (5a,b) or 1-hydroxy-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-quinoline derivatives (6a,b).     

1H定量核磁共振波谱法测定盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸的含量

目的:建立采用1H定量核磁共振波谱(1H quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance,1H qNMR)法测定盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸对照品含量的方法。方法:采用核磁共振波谱法,使用Bruker Ascend 600超导核磁共振谱仪,以氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6)为溶剂,脉冲序列为noesyigld1d,弛豫延迟时间为30 s,扫描次数16次。结果:选取氢谱图中δ6.09为内标物的定量信号,δ8.67和δ7.68为盐酸莫西沙星的定量信号,δ8.60和δ7.69为7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸的定量信号,测得盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸的含量与质量平衡法结果基本一致。结论:本研究建立的核磁定量方法可用于盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸的含量测定,该方法准确、快速,并为质量平衡法对标准物质定值提供有力的佐证。