清水下瓷石特征和工艺性能

1浮东瓷石资源分布概况浮东地区盛产陶瓷原料,高岭土、瓷石、石英、长石等矿产资源丰富,世界著名的明砂高岭土即产于东埠高岭村境内。瓷石资源主要分布在鹅湖、天宝、瑶里等地区。《陶记》中记载的界田石泥,产于鹅湖镇界田（原名新田）村,其质量逊于进坑瓷石。寿溪坞瓷石矿物组成接近南港瓷石,但Fe203含量较高。距东埠寺前6公里的程家门瓷石,其矿物组成主要为：石英占56．5％、绢云母占23．55％、长石占15．47％,并含少量滑石（1．26％）、碳酸盐（2．5％）,微量赤铁矿（0．43％）及其它杂质（0．29％）。K2O＋Na2O含量近似于祁门…     

瓷质外墙砖烧成过程变化及微观结构初探

本文介绍了以高岭土－石英－钠钾长石为主的配料中此入较多量的滑石，使瓷质砖配料组成属R2O（Na2O,K2O)-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO体系，简单介绍这种体系瓷质砖的生产工艺过程，定性描述了烧成过程中的变化及瓷相组成。结果表明，这种瓷质砖具有吸水率低（＜0．5％）、强度高（＞55Mpa)的特点，瓷相组成中晶相为石英，次相为富含Na2O,K2O和MgO的玻璃相，少量相为高岭石分解后产生的结晶程度差的莫来石。     

利用K2O-Al2O3-SiO2相图进行云南煤系高岭土陶瓷砖坯料配制研究

利用K2O-Al2O3-SiO2相图确定了云南煤系高岭土陶瓷砖坯体配方,其最终成分为：预烧峨山煤系高岭土21．57％,瓷土23．20％,峨山粘土55．15％。实验证明：利用该配方研制的煤系高岭土陶瓷砖坯体厚,机械强度高,耐磨性好,耐冷热急变性强．且对K2O、Na2O和Fe2O3含量没有太多的限制。另外,从K2O-Al2O3-SiO2相图还可估计煤系高岭土陶瓷砖烧成温度为1300～1400℃。     

专利信息

中温耐热陶瓷及其制备方法(CN1730430A)中温耐热陶瓷由基料、辅料和添加剂组合烧结而成,基料为透锂长石和高岭土,辅料为碳酸锂,各原料的质量分数为:透锂长石42%~70%;高岭土30%~50%;碳酸锂0~8%;增塑剂0~1%,原料中主要化学成分及其质量分数含量为:Si O258%~75%;Al2O318%~35%;Li2O     

配料组成对釉面金属光泽效果的影响

采用高岭土、石英、长石等为原料,并引入氧化铜、氧化锰作为析晶剂,制备金属光泽釉。探讨了配方中SiO2／Al2O3比、析晶剂的含量、PbO的含量对釉面金属光泽的影响规律。实验结果表明：当SiO2／Al2O3比为10,析晶剂的含量为5wt％,PbO的含量为40wt％时,在合适的烧成制度下,釉面具有良好的金属光泽效果。     

赤江高岭土选矿试验研究

赤江高岭土具有良好的工艺性能，但其铁、钛含量较高，无法用于生产高档瓷器。通过选矿，可使其Al2O3由24．91％提高到31．14％，TiO2由0．6％降低到0．54％，烧成白度由31．4％提高到40．91％，可作为生产高档陶瓷的原料。     

低温煅烧高岭土火山灰活性对水泥石结构的影响

研究了低温煅烧高岭土的火山灰活性及其对水泥石结构的影响。高岭土经676℃煅烧1h，其质量分数(下同)为74．3％的SiO2和90．32％的A12O3呈活性状态，火山灰活性最好。硅酸盐水泥砂浆中掺入15％的火山灰活性最好的煅烧高岭土，可有效降低氢氯化钙含量并减小其粒度，相应提高钙矾石、水化硅酸钙和水化铝酸钙含量，改善水泥石的微结构，可提高水泥砂浆试块28d时的抗压强度18％左右。     

从霞石的结构特征探析其在陶瓷中的应用

霞石主要生成于富含Na2O而贫SiO2的碱性火成岩及伟晶岩中，晶体呈六方短柱状、厚板状、等粒状集合体或致密块状产出。Na2O、K2O合量为14％～20％，高于长石类。在陶瓷生产中用其取代部分长石，具有较强的熔剂效应，能显著的降低产品     

星子高岭土矿物组成和高梯度除铁试验

对星子高岭土矿的理化性能进行了深入研究和深加工试验,结果表明：星子高岭土是一种结晶较差的高岭石,工艺性能一般,Fe2O3含量一般大于1．3％,经深加工,可降低Fe2O3含量,一般可以达到陶瓷工业用高岭土的一、二级标准,为陶瓷产品高档化创造了条件。     

炻器亚光釉的研制

利用长石、高岭土、滑石、方解石、Al2 O3粉为原料 ,通过固定碱性组成 ,改变Al2 O3/SiO2 比 ,研究釉性状变化 ,当Al2 O3/SiO2 比为 1∶4 7且烧成温度范围控制在 12 30～ 12 5 0℃时 ,能产生较好亚光效果     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。