褐藻寡糖抗三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导蚕豆根尖的细胞遗传毒性

采用蚕豆根尖细胞的微核试验和染色体畸变试验方法,测定不同浓度的褐藻寡糖对As2O3诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率、有丝分裂指数和染色体畸变率的影响.结果表明:褐藻寡糖能有效抑制As2O3诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞微核的产生,即在一定浓度范围内,微核率随褐藻寡糖处理浓度的降低而减少,但低于一定浓度后反而呈上升趋势;不同浓度的褐藻寡糖均可使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数增大;褐藻寡糖还能有效降低蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变率.因此,褐藻寡糖对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的诱抗活性和调节细胞分裂生长的效应.     

明矾对蚕豆和大蒜根尖毒性效应的细胞遗传学比较研究

以蚕豆和大蒜根尖为实验材料，研究不同浓度明矾对蚕豆和大蒜胚根根尖的细胞遗传学效应。结果表明，不同浓度明矾在不同处理时间内均能诱发较高微核率和染色体畸变率，且在同样的条件下，蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率和染色体畸变率明显高于大蒜的(p＜0．01或p＜0．001)。结论是明矾对蚕豆和大蒜根尖均具有明显的细胞遗传学务性效应，且对蚕豆根尖的务性效应明显高于对大蒜根尖的毒性效应。     

氯霉素对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

氯霉素在动物性食品中的残留对人类健康造成威胁。用不同浓度氯霉素处理蚕豆根尖，结果表明，氯霉素会造成蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数下降，微核率上升和染色体畸变，畸变类型主要有染色体落后、染色体断片、染色体桥和染色体多极分裂等。染色体异常行为与氯霉素处理浓度呈正相关，说明氯霉素是一种环境诱变剂。     

宜宾油樟的化感作用对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

利用油樟水浸提液作用蚕豆根尖研究了油樟化感作用对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响.结果表明：油樟对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的化感作用和浸提液浓度、作用时间有密切关系.在实验设计的范围内,随油樟水浸提液浓度的加大,蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数显著减小,而细胞微核率显著提高;油樟浸提液作用48 h时,对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的化感作用最强;油樟水浸提液诱导蚕豆根尖细胞产生染色体断片和滞后染色体等多种畸变染色体,并使有丝分裂各时期的分裂相减少.说明油樟化感物质抑制了细胞的有丝分裂,促进微核的产生,从而影响蚕豆根尖的生长和细胞的     

盐酸吗啉胍对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应

以不同浓度的盐酸吗啉胍为诱变剂，运用蚕豆根尖微核检测技术和染色体畸变实验方法，测定蚕豆根尖细胞的有丝分裂指数、微核率和染色体畸变率．结果表明：盐酸吗啉胍能够降低蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数，能诱发较高频率的微核和染色体畸变，产生染色体断片、滞后染色体和染色体桥．随着盐酸吗啉胍处理浓度的增加，有丝分裂指数降低，而微核率和染色体畸变率均升高；随着盐酸吗啉胍浓度的进一步增加，染色体畸变率却下降，但仍明显高于对照组．     

镉对蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变的影响

通过光学显微镜观察发现,蚕豆根尖经镉染毒后,染色体会发生畸变,在一定浓度和时间范围内,畸变率随浓度和时间的增加而增加,但当大于或小于这一浓度或时间范围后,畸变率反而减少.在蚕豆根尖细胞染色体的几种畸变中,以染色体断片出现的几率最高,染色体环出现的几率最低. 本文讨论了蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变与染毒的浓度和时间的关系.     

8-羟基喹啉和对苯二酚诱导蚕豆根尖细胞异常性的比较研究

采用8-羟基喹啉与对苯二酚处理蚕豆根尖,根尖经恢复培养后,以孚尔根染色法制片观察.同时以低温处理的相同材料为对照.经2种药物不同浓度处理后观察其根尖细胞的微核率,以及它们对有丝分裂指数的影响,同时还观察了它们对染色体畸变的效应.得出以下结果:(1)2种诱变剂均能诱发高频率的微核细胞;8-HQ还可以产生较高频率的双核细胞.(2)HQ在2个不同处理浓度均可明显提高有丝分裂指数,且可有效地积累中期分裂相;而8-HQ对有丝分裂指数的提高影响不明显,且在0.004 mol.L-1浓度时对有丝分裂指数具有显著的抑制效应.(3)2种诱变剂均能导致染色体畸变及其他核异常.本研究结果表明8-HQ和HQ均是细胞板有效的抑制剂和诱发染色体数目和结构变异较强的诱变剂.     

酸性铝诱发蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤效应

采用蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变实验,研究酸性铝对蚕豆体细胞染色体稳定性的影响.以不同酸度(pH 5.8和pH 4.5)和不同浓度铝溶液处理蚕豆,结果表明:在pH 5.8时,用浓度30μm o l/L~50 000μm o l/L的铝处理,能诱发蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变,畸变率随铝浓度的升高而增加;pH 4.5时,用浓度30μm o l/L~300μm o l/L的铝处理组诱发的染色体畸变同样随铝浓度的升高而增加,但铝浓度为1 000μm o/L~50 000μm o l/L时抑制根尖细胞分裂,几乎没有中期相.比较不同pH的铝处理结果可知,相同铝浓度(30μm o l/L~300μm o l/L)时pH 4.5组比pH 5.8组的染色体畸变率高,其中30μm o l/L的两组差异较小,300μm o l/L两组差异较大.研究结果表明,环境铝对植物的遗传损伤与植物生存环境中可溶性铝的浓度有关,铝离子浓度增高会导致其毒性作用增强,酸度降低在一定程度上加剧了铝的毒性作用.     

平阳霉素和丝裂霉素C对蚕豆根尖细胞的诱变效应

蚕豆根尖细胞对于平阳霉素、丝裂霉素C极为敏感。在其细胞分裂的各个时期均出现微核和染色体畸变,而染色体畸变率和微核细胞率与平阳霉素、丝裂霉素C的浓度密切相关。在一定范围内二者的浓度增高,染色体畸变率和微核细胞率同时表现线性增长。故可确认蚕豆根尖细胞在水质监测和诱变剂筛选中的重要作用。     

蚕豆根尖微核实验监测几种重金属污染研究

采用蚕豆根尖微核实验方法,研究重铬酸钾、乙酸铜和氯化汞这几种重金属对蚕豆根尖细胞核的致畸效应.分别以不同浓度的重铬酸钾、乙酸铜和氯化汞作为诱变剂,处理并测定蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率,实验结果表明,在一定浓度范围内,其微核率随重金属溶液浓度的升高而增加,但高于一定浓度后,反而呈下降趋势; 同样浓度下,经重铬酸钾处理的蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率最高,乙酸铜次之,氯化汞最低.结论是：重金属化合物对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的致畸效应,并且以重铬酸钾的致畸效应最为明显.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.