一步水热法制备Sn2 掺杂TiO2及光催化 产氢性能研究

以SnCl2和钛酸四丁脂为前驱体,采用一步水热法制备了不同Sn2 含量的Sn2 掺杂TiO2光催化剂。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线能谱（EDX）、紫外-可见漫反射（UV-vis）、低温N2-吸附脱附、X射线电子能谱（XPS）等手段对样品的结构、组成和光吸收特性等进行表征;用300W氙灯模拟太阳光,分别在全波段和可见光下对不同Sn2 ,Sn4 掺杂样品进行产氢性能测试。结果表明：Sn4 掺杂TiO2不能在可见光下产氢,而Sn2 掺杂TiO2能在可见光下产氢。Sn2 掺杂样品在n(Ti):n(Sn)=20时产氢性能最好,在全波段和可见光下产氢速率分别为50.3μmol?h-1?g-1和33.09μmol?h-1?g-1,并且在多次循环试验中,产氢效率没有明显减小,性质稳定。     

柠檬酸三丁酯的催化合成研究

探讨了以一水合硫酸氢钠＋六水合氯化铁为复合催化剂,柠檬酸、正丁醇为原料合成柠檬酸三丁酯的绿色合成工艺条件,着重考察各因素对柠檬酸转化率的影响。通过四因素三水平的正交试验优化,确定的最佳反应条件为：当柠檬酸用量控制为0．1mol时,醇酸物质的量比为4．0：1,复合催剂（NaHSO4·H2O＋FeCl3·6H2O）配料的摩尔比为n（NaHSO4·H2O）：n（FeCl3·6H2O）=1．5：1,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2．0％,反应温度为135～145℃,反应时间为2．0h,在此条件下柠檬酸的转化率可达98．8％以上。     

氯化高锡催化合成甘油单月桂酸酯

研究了在硼酸保护的条件下,以SnCl4.5H2O为催化剂合成甘油单月桂酸酯的新方法,着重考察了催化剂种类、用量、带水剂种类对反应产率的影响。结果表明：SnCl4.5H2O对此反应具有较高的催化活性,在甘油单月桂酸酯合成中的催化活性高于有机酸催化剂对甲苯磺酸。以SnCl4.5H2O为催化剂时,催化剂的用量、带水剂的种类等条件对产率有较大的影响。当n(甘油）：n（硼酸）：n（月桂酸）＝2：1：2,反应最佳条件如下：甲苯为带水剂,反应温度为160℃,催化剂量为2．5g时,产率为86．5％。所得产品经红外光谱分析和熔点检测与有关文献报道一致。     

星形聚L-乳酸的制备及性能研究

以L-乳酸为原料,季戊四醇为支化剂,采用SnCl2·2H2O／TSA复合催化剂合成了星形支化聚L-乳酸,并采用DSC、偏光显微镜研究了星形聚L-乳酸的结晶和熔融行为．探讨了星形聚乳酸的热降解性能。DSC研究结果表明,熔融缩聚制备的星形聚L-乳酸在升温过程中基本观察不到冷结晶峰,只出现一个熔融峰。经过等温结晶处理后的星形聚L-乳酸再次升温时出现双熔融峰．其中低熔融峰的峰值温度（Tm（L））与等温结晶温度的对数值成线性增长关系,而高熔融峰的峰值温度（Tm（H））与等温结晶温度基本无关。     

微波辐射磷钨杂多酸催化合成2-（2—1H-苯并咪唑基）苯酚

以邻苯二胺和水杨酸为原料,H3PW12O40为催化剂,微波促进合成了2-（2—1H-苯并咪唑基）苯酚,收率为85．2％;设计了L9（3^4）正交实验,得出合成2-（2—1H-苯并咪唑基）苯酚的最优实验条件为：n（水杨酸）：n（邻笨二胺）=1．00：1．05（参与反应的水杨酸n（水杨酸）：0．040mol）,H3PW12O40用量0．5g,微波辐射功率500W,辐射时间8min。     

在常压和沸水温度下具有高可染性及潜抗起球性的聚酯纤维

这种纤维的组织为：以芳香二羧酸和烷撑二醇作为主要成份，另含有摩尔分数为0．5％－1．5％（基于酸组分）R1O（P：O）（OR2）（OR3（式中R1R2R3＝C1－5的烷基）和5％－15％（基于酸组分）Cn≤10的脂肪羟基酸，其特性黏度为0．45－0．80，用沸水将纤维处理60min，特性黏度的保护率（R）≤90％，显示最大损耗角正切值的温度（tmax）为60－90℃，例如：将量比为1：2的H3PO4和ε－己内(I) 的 混合物进行酯化制得磷酸酯，再将磷酸酯与PET齐聚物，对苯二甲酸和乙二醇进行缩聚，制得共聚物（Ⅱ），Ⅱ含有摩尔分数为1．0％和H3PO4结构单元和8％的Ⅰ结构单元，特性黏度（以质量比为1：1的苯酚－四氯乙烷的混合物为溶剂，在20℃下测得）为0．59，然后，将II在270℃下熔融纺丝，拉伸，在190℃下热定型，制得强度4．2c/dtex,tmax为68．3℃和R为86．5％的纤维。将这种纤维的针织品用3％（基于纤维）雷索林半GRF溶液在沸水温度下染色60min，其得色量L值为17．0，抗起球额定值（JIS L－1076－1978－A）为5。     

3－C8-10烷氧基丙腈催化加氢制3－C8-10烷氧基丙胺

以3－C8-10烷氧基丙腈为原料,骨架镍为催化剂,制备了3－C8-10烷氧基丙胺。同时探讨了反应温度、反应时间、H2压力、NH3压力、骨架镍用量、H2O用量等因素对加氢反应的影响,确定了优化的工艺条件：在130℃、H2压力2．0MPa、NH3压力1．0MPa、骨架镍用量2．0％和H2O用量2．0％（相对于3－C8-10烷氧基丙腈的质量）下反应3h,在此条件下,产品收率为93．56％。     

熔融缩聚法合成低相对分子质量聚乳酸

以L-乳酸为单体,通过熔融缩聚法合成了聚乳酸。探讨了催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等因素对聚合产物黏均相对分子质量的影响。结果表明,最佳反应条件为：以SnCl2／TSA为催化剂,催化剂质量分数为0．5％（相对单体）,在160～170℃下反应10h。     

一种电真空玻璃制品无铅封接玻璃及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种电真空玻璃制品无铅封接玻璃，包括必要成分：摩尔百分比30％-55％氧化磷（P2O5）、30％-55％氧化锌（ZnO）、0％-10％氧化铝（Al2O3）、0％～3．5％氧化锰（MnO2）；添加成分：摩尔百分比0％-10％氧化钠（Na2O）、0％～10％氧化钾（K2O）、0％-20mol％B2O3、0-5mol％BaO、0～1mol％Ti2O的稳定组分。其制备包括：①各原料后充分混合；②装入石英坩埚，在1050℃-1250℃下，保温0．5～2小时；     

水性三聚氰胺树脂抗静电涂层的制备

在三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中掺杂结晶SnCl4·5H2O，增加树脂的抗静电性。制备出水性抗静电涂层，测定表面电阻，并通过红外光谱和热重差热对涂层进行表征。结果表明，三聚氰胺甲醛树脂本身不具备导电性，结晶SnCl4·5H2O的添加使三聚氰胺甲醛树脂导电性大大增加，水分的吸收有利于导电性的提高。20g40％的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂溶液中添加17．8gSnCl4·5H2O形成树脂溶液制备的涂层，在温度60℃，湿度为40％环境中干燥处理4h，涂层表面电阻率可低至1．39×10^7Ω·cm，在室温空气环境中电阻率可降低至8．80×10^6Ω·cm。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

基于ATRP法制备的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂的吸硼性能的研究

以大分子引发剂氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯微球(PS-acyl-Cl)经原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法引发丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)单体的共聚接枝,制得一种触角状亲水性环氧载体(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)),再经二乙醇胺(DEA)的环氧基开环胺化反应,得到一种含多个-NCH2CH2OH螯合配基的多齿-五元螯合环的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA)。将此树脂用于硼吸附研究,结果表明,PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA树脂对硼的吸附满足Langmuir方程,为单分子层吸附;饱和吸附量约为37.7 mg·g-1,且树脂5 min即可达到吸附平衡,与其它已报道的吸硼树脂相比,该树脂具有更高的吸附量和吸硼速率。吸附动力学研究表明,树脂吸附硼的过程主要由颗粒扩散过程控制。重复使用5次后该树脂的吸附量基本不变,解吸率均在90%以上,重复使用性能良好。