Preisach逆模型补偿的压电陶瓷执行器自适应滑模控制

为了降低压电陶瓷执行器迟滞特性对纳米定位平台精度的影响,利用Preisach逆模型补偿迟滞特性,并针对逆模型未能完全补偿的迟滞特性、模型参数的不确定性以及其他扰动设计了自适应滑模控制律.仿真实验结果表明,与普通滑模控制器以及逆补偿PID控制器相比,逆补偿的自适应滑模控制器提高了定位系统的跟踪精度,对系统不确定性和外界扰动有较强的鲁棒性.     

带摩擦补偿的滚珠丝杠副进给系统自适应滑模控制

为了提高滚珠丝杠副进给系统的跟踪性能,采用了带摩擦补偿的自适应滑模控制方法.基于滚珠丝杠副进给系统轴向振动特性建立了两自由度的质量模型,根据模型的状态方程设计了系统的反演滑模控制器,考虑到外界干扰的影响设计了带自适应律的自适应滑模控制器.采用基于Stribeck摩擦模型的摩擦补偿方法和遗传算法对滚珠丝杠副进给实验台的Stribeck摩擦模型进行了参数辨识.采用建立的控制方法在实验台上进行了轨迹跟踪实验.实验结果表明:在没有使用摩擦补偿情况下自适应滑模控制器最大跟踪误差为31.85μm;使用带摩擦补偿的自适应滑模控制器,其最大跟踪误差减小为15.55μm.实验结果证明了针对滚珠丝杠副进给系统轴向振动特性模型设计的自适应滑模控制器具有较高的跟踪性能,并且采用带摩擦补偿的自适应滑模控制方法显著提高了滚珠丝杠进给系统的跟踪精度.     

动态迟滞非线性自适应补偿控制方法

针对典型的动态迟滞特征模型,提出了一种新型的迟滞补偿控制方法.通过乘以一个斜率转换因子, 将具有近似线性特性的理想迟滞模型转化成实际的期望输出模型.采用自适应滑模控制原理求取迟滞补偿控制量,以保证实际的迟滞特性能够达到期望的线性输出特性.仿真实验结果表明,该自适应滑模迟滞补偿方法能够有效地补偿动态迟滞特性.     

Hegaglide机构路况仿真器的控制方法

为获得较高的系统跟踪精度,从动力学方程出发,研究了基于Hexaglide机构的路况仿真器的控制方法。建立滑模自适应的力矩辨识,将辨识得到的负载力矩作为系统的力矩前馈控制,并引入电机动力学方程约束速度、加速度的前馈补偿。应用MATLAB软件中的SimMechanics建立路况仿真器的机电耦合系统并进行仿真。结果表明,与传统PI控制方法相比,该控制方法可获得更加精确的位置跟踪精度。     

一类非线性系统综合自适应模糊控制

针对一类非线性系统把模糊控制、模糊逻辑逼近及模糊滑模控制相结合,提出一种综合自适应模糊控制方法.基于李亚普诺夫函数系统参数的自适应律,不需要最小逼近误差平方可积条件,而且利用模糊滑模控制补偿模糊系统的逼近误差及外部干扰对输出跟踪误差的影响.理论证明了闭环系统稳定,跟踪误差收敛到零或零的一个小邻域内.仿真表明了算法的有效性.     

无模型坐标补偿积分滑模约束的自动驾驶汽车轨迹跟踪控制

为了解决四轮自动驾驶汽车轨迹跟踪的复杂控制问题，提出一种新的全格式无模型自适应坐标补偿积分滑模约束控制方案。控制方案只需要自动驾驶车辆轨迹跟踪的I/O数据，不涉及车辆模型信息，即前轮转角输入数据和车辆横摆角输出数据。因此，该方案对于不同车型均能实现轨迹跟踪控制。在轨迹跟踪过程中只针对车辆横摆角进行控制易造成跟踪轨迹偏差，本文在全格式无模型自适应控制的基础上加入坐标补偿算法；为了提高系统在运行过程中的鲁棒性，加入积分滑模控制；为了应对在滑模控制过程中系统运行在饱和区域，设计了动态补偿，使轨迹跟踪系统运行在滑模控制的线性区域。最后，对无模型自适应积分滑模约束控制方案、原型无模型自适应控制算法和PID算法进行仿真比较。仿真结果表明，所提算法比传统控制方法具有更好的控制性能，跟踪波动误差在0.09%以内，稳定时间在0.5 s以内，跟踪曲线平滑。     

误差补偿的精确运动系统研究

构建了以滚珠丝杠传动提供宏观运动,以超磁致伸缩驱动器(GMA)进行微观运动误差补偿的单坐标数控工作台精确运动实验系统.提出所设计的GMA的系统模型由频率无关迟滞特性与机电系统传递函数串联构成.由Lyapunov稳定性理论推导出滑模变结构控制方案的自适应控制规律.实验结果显示,GMA通过动态补偿控制可以很好的补偿滚珠丝杠的运动误差,使工作平台的运动精度显著提高.     

一种基于MFAC外环补偿的非线性LS-SVM逆系统数据驱动控制方法

针对直接逆模型控制系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力不足问题,提出一种无模型自适应控制(MFAC)外环补偿的非线性系统最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)逆系统数据驱动控制方法.首先采用LS-SVM建立非线性系统的逆模型,并将其作为前馈控制器串联在原系统之前,构成一个伪线性系统,其次采用MFAC构成外环反馈补偿控制.仿真研究表明,LS-SVM逆模型/MFAC复合控制方案不仅具有良好的跟踪性能,而且具有较强的鲁棒及抗干扰性.     

一类非线性系统综合自适应模糊控制

针对一类非线性系统把模糊控制、模糊逻辑逼近及模糊滑模控制相结合，提出一种综合自适应模糊控制方法．基于李亚普诺夫函数系统参数的自适应律，不需要最小逼近说差平方可积条件，而且利用模糊滑模控制补偿模糊系统的逼近最差及外部干扰对输出跟踪误差的影响，理论证明了闭环系统稳定，跟踪误差收敛到零或零的一个小邻城内．仿真表明了算法的有效性。     

机器人前馈补偿滑模鲁棒控制

本文针对机器人轨迹跟踪控制问题,基于滑模变结构控制的基本理论,提出了一种具有前馈补偿的滑模变结构鲁棒控制器。通过引入顺馈控制（对滑模切换函数的ＰＩ控制）来改善滑动模态的动特性,并消弱或消除常规变结构控制所存在的“颤振”现象：应用前馈补偿来提高跟踪精度。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.