网络中心战思想的发展及其对军事信息系统网络的影响

美军正在积极进行网络中心战的研究和实践，已取得显著的成效。网络中心战已成为目前作战模式的主导趋势，为了给网络中心战提供网络中心环境，美军又在加速开发全球信息栅格（GIG），随着网络中心战能力的日趋成熟。发展军事信息网络对抗能力也日趋迫切和重要。军事信息网络对抗的研究。必须从网络的角度上展开，并且应该建立在深入研究网络中心战的基础之一。而不仅仅是对因特网网络战研究的延伸。     

体系对抗的发展方向——GIG对抗

美军为了适应网络中心战的要求,实现全球打击战略,在2000年就启动了全球信息栅格（GIG）计划。给出了GIG定义及其发展目标,分析了GIG体系结构和特征,找出了其薄弱环节,对GIG的对抗提供了参考。     

基于传感器网络的网络中心战构建模型研究

基于传感器网络的网络中心战是利用网络内部和网络之间信息域中高质量的信息共享,实现军事人员认知域态势感知共享,是信息时代的一种新兴的作战模型,体现了“兵力分散、火力集中”的信息化战争作战思想。主要介绍了传感器网络的特点和应用,分析了网络中心战的实质和结构,建立了网络中心战的构建模型。指出该模型时信息化作战条件下联合作战的实施具有一定的指导意义。网络中心战模型实现了所有作战单元的互连互通和互操作,提高了战斗力。     

网络中心战:一种作战新理论

首先给出了网络中心战的定义以及美国网络中心战的组成和关犍技术。尽管美军进行网络中心战有较大的技术优势,但也存在一些突出困难和问题,就美军网络中心战的缺陷,给出了几种攻击方式,通过对网络中心战的攻击大大降低了网络中心战的作战能力。介绍了目前欧洲各国在网络中心战方面的发展情况,并且给出了欧洲一些主要国家的网络中心战装备。最后就网络中心战的作战优势给出了网络中心战对未来战争的影响。     

基于用户驱动的网络中心战指挥控制系统研究

指挥控制系统是网络中心战实施的关键环节。通过对网络中心战指挥控制系统的研究, 提出一种基于用户驱动的指挥控制系统概念模型, 并以战役对抗为例, 实现了一种网络中心战的指挥控制系统作战流程, 并在VStasker仿真平台上进行了对抗部分的仿真和验证, 对网络中心战指挥控制系统的具体实现进行了有益的探索。     

美军GIG3．0进展研究

全球信息栅格（GIG）是美军正在建设的重要基础设施,是美军实现网络中心战而制定的最优先计划。文章跟踪了GIG的发展历程,在分析GIG2．0缺点的基础上,引出GIG3．0的几个关键点和重要概念,包括作战网络域、敏捷虚拟飞地、虚拟安全飞地等。GIG3．0立足于以作战司令部为中心的赛博空间作战,通过MPLS、IPSEC、GRE、虚拟化等重要技术构建穿越不同军事网络的虚拟安全飞地,同时,用户客户端也支持对不同安全等级军事网络的访问,这使得美军的网络化作战能力得以安全、高效地实施。     

全球信息网格体系结构与企业级服务分析

作为网格计算发展的延伸，DoD提出的全球信息网格(GIG)是实现网络中心战的技术手段。GIG的体系结构可以通过其五层体系框架和作战视图、系统视图以及技术视图3个视图来描述。GIG通过企业级服务来支持网络中心战，企业级服务的领域功能都建立在发现、安全、中介、协作、存储、消息传送、企业级服务、应用以及帮助等核心企业级服务基础之上。介绍了网格以及全球信息网格的概念，分析了GIG的体系结构与企业级服务，最后指出了GIG的意义和面临解决的问题。     

网络中心战及指挥与控制系统分析

网络中心战是信息化战争的重要形态,通过高度集成的指挥与控制系统,实现信息的实时共享、决策支持和协同作战。为了充分发挥网络中心战的潜力,需要关注技术的发展趋势和挑战,不断优化和完善相关理论和方案。本文基于网络中心战的概念,分析了其对传统指挥与控制系统的影响,列举了在网络中心战背景下应关注并解决的技术问题,为构建信息化战场需要的混合控制系统模型提供理论支持。     

网络中心战及网格技术

网格技术是实现网络中心战的基础。概述了美国海军提出的网络中心战概念,介绍了由信息网、探测网、作战网和指挥网4个虚拟网组成的网络中心战作战结构和由CEC、Link-16和IT-21技术组成的技术结构,提出了实现网络中心战的一些难点问题。     

联合信息环境JIE 及其安全研究

全球信息栅格(GIG)是美军为网络中心战建设的重要基础设施,而联合信息环境(JIE)是美军基于安全性考虑,对整个GIG重新设计而提出的,它将成为GIG的下一代战略储备。文中跟踪了JIE的研究进展,挖掘出美军提出JIE的深层原因,分析了JIE的特点、关键建设领域、理想的终极状态。同时,对JIE的统一的安全体系结构和统一的身份和访问管理解决方案进行了剖析,文中最后全面深入地研究了JIE的安全功能。     

面向服务的战场态势感知与协同技术研究

阐述了网络中心作战和先进信息技术条件下的新型战场态势图应用的任务需求,论述了先进的战场态势感知服务体系结构组成和能力,描述了态势图应用基本概念和数据模型,针对实际应用提出了基于门户服务的态势图协同标绘实现方法,为网络中心的联合作战态势感知提供了一种新的应用模式,并且能指导军事指挥组织更快和更好地同步规划和决策。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.