渐开线少齿差内齿轮副的优化设计及其图形的自动显示

采用优化设计方法来解决渐开线少齿差行星传动中内齿轮副几何参数的合理选择问题。该优化模型的目标函数为内齿轮副的啮合效率，设计变量为外、内齿抡的变位系数Ｘ＿１、Ｘ＿２和齿顶高系数ｈ＊＿ｎ．以保证一定的重合度、齿顶厚以及避免各种几何干涉为约束条件。优化方法为复合形法。最后，还编制了自动绘图程序，以便借助计算机自动显示和绘制内齿副的啮合图。     

数控内齿珩轮强力珩齿拓扑修形方法研究

在圆柱斜齿轮进行珩削修形加工时,通常采用专用的金刚石修整轮对珩磨轮的齿廓和齿向进行修整,因此,齿轮修形参数不同,所使用的金刚轮也不同。为了增加金刚石修整轮的通用性,降低修形齿轮加工成本,缩短齿轮研发周期,文章在已有研究的基础上提出了一种基于调整内齿珩轮强力珩齿机床各轴运动参数的方法来实现齿轮修形加工。根据各轴的运动关系,建立内齿珩轮强力珩齿机床加工齿轮的齿面数学模型;将机床的A、B、X轴的运动表示为具有Φ_(C_1)、L_Z 2个变量的高阶多项式函数,分析多项式系数对齿面法向偏差的影响;建立齿面法向偏差的目标函数,利用粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)进行优化,得到机床的运动参数。仿真结果证明了该拓扑修形方法的有效性。     

钻机绞车行星传动轮系的粒子群法优化设计

钻机绞车行星传动常常用于海洋钻井平台,但是由于常规设计体积庞大,使得其在海洋钻井平台上使用受限.建立了钻机绞车行星传动体积、传动效率和传动重合度3个分目标优化函数,并采用无因次处理和增加权重因子的方式得到多目标总优化函数.以齿面接触强度、齿根弯曲强度和配齿条件等为约束条件,利用粒子群法和序列二次规划法,通过MATLAB...     

变齿距铣刀切削力理论与试验研究

本文考虑了铣刀的螺旋角及变齿距特性,基于切削力力学模型建立了变齿距立铣刀切削力模型;以该模型为基础,采用快速标定法测量的铣削力系数,利用Matlab软件对铣削力进行了仿真分析.同时,开展了变齿距铣刀铣削试验.试验与仿真分析的比较结果表明:对于变齿距铣刀,本模型都具有可靠有效的切削力预测能力;采用传统的快速标定法获得的铣削力系数可以应用于变齿距铣刀切削力预测,并可获得较好的效果;由于变齿距效应,各个刀齿承受的切屑载荷不同,相邻切削刃的铣削力峰值和相位也显示出明显差别.该方面研究对认识该类铣刀的切削力特性,开展刀具几何参数优化具有一定的指导意义.     

采用分形理论与微分几何的摆线针轮形貌模型

根据分形理论与微分几何,应用Weierstrass-Mandelbrot函数与矢量函数构建了摆线轮齿与针齿的表面形貌模型,该模型综合体现了摆线轮齿与针齿的宏观特征与微观特征;应用MATLAB绘制了各向同性粗糙针齿及单个摆线轮齿的二维截面图,构建了摆线轮齿与针齿的接触比例系数。通过分析可知:接触比例系数随啮合点的变化而变化,且针齿与摆线轮齿内凹部分接触时的接触比例系数远大于针齿与摆线轮齿外凸部分接触时的值;接触比例系数随分形维数的增加而减小,随摆线轮与针轮中心距的增加先增大后减小,随特征尺度、针齿半径和针轮齿数的增加而增大。     

二维瞬态热传导问题热物性参数反演

文章采用边界元法分析二维瞬态热传导问题;建立热扩散系数和导热系数反演问题的目标函数,利用共轭梯度法对该目标函数进行优化,引入复变量求导法求解目标函数梯度矩阵,该方法的求导精度优于常规差分法;探讨了迭代初值、测量数据随机偏差对计算结果的影响。迭代初值不同,反演结果都能收敛到精确解;随机偏差越大,迭代步数越多;随机偏差越小,计算结果越趋近于精确解。算例验证了方法的有效性和稳定性。     

基于模糊综合决策的直齿圆柱齿轮齿廓最佳修形

在时变啮合刚度和Blok闪温理论的基础之上,系统地分析齿廓修形参数对齿间载荷分配、传动误差和齿面闪温的影响,并确定在单目标条件下齿廓修形的最佳修形参数.基于模糊综合决策理论,确定了综合考虑多目标条件下齿廓修形最佳修形参数.引入多目标条件下修形量的修正系数Xc ,确定修正系数Xc的值,并给出多目标条件下修形量的计算公式.综合最佳修形参数的最大修形量,取单双齿啮合区交替点B和D的变形量乘以修正系数Xc,修形指数取1.43,修形方式为长修形.     

直线共轭齿廓齿轮副的滑动系数研究

以复数矢量法建立了直线共轭齿廓的啮合线方程.导出了齿廓啮合点的速度方程和相对滑动系数的计算式.以实例作出了运动速度和相对滑动系数的变化曲线,分析了影响滑动系数的各种因素.     

向量多项式优化问题的数值方法

向量多项式优化问题中的目标函数和约束条件都是由多项式描述的.先将多目标多项式函数分别通过主要目标法、线性加权和法和理想点法等转化为单目标多项式函数,再利用Lasserre松弛方法求解该多项式优化问题,从而得到原向量多项式优化问题的弱有效解或有效解.数值实验结果表明该数值方法是有效的.     

单级圆柱齿轮减速器的优化设计

单级斜齿圆柱齿轮减速器单目标优化问题数学模型建立在以体积为最小的基础上,以优化模数、齿数、齿宽、支承宽、支承轴直径为主要目标,用内点惩罚函数法进行寻优,得到最优解．通过对具体实例进行分析,我们得出结论：该方法经济可靠,是一种具有工程实用价值的设计方法．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.