我国星级酒店效率评价及区域差异分析

本研究运用数据包络分析法（DEA）和马尔奎斯特指数（Malmquist Index）方法对我国各地区星级酒店的效率进行了测度和评价,并进行了静态和动态比较研究,分析其在不同区域的差异,为优化我国星级酒店的资源配置以及良好发展提供有价值的建议。研究发现,我国整体星级酒店综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均较高,且纯技术效率和规模效率值波动较小;各省区之间的综合技术效率和纯技术效率差距较大,规模效率差距较小,且差距呈不断缩小趋势。本研究根据结论提出以下建议：（1）政府应加强投资管理,针对不同区域经济发展情况制定酒店发展规划;（2）提高酒店资源利用率,依靠旅游资源带动我国星级酒店发展;（3）发挥地区优势,推出特色星级酒店。     

基于DEA-Ml模型的江苏沿江旅游区旅游效率评价研究

运用数据包络分析方法(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA),对2008年和2012年江苏沿江旅游区6个地级市旅游资源利用的综合效率、技术效率和规模效率进行测度和分析;利用Malmquist生产力指数(MI)模型对2008年至2012年江苏沿江旅游区各城市的旅游效率变动情况进行测度和分析.结果表明:沿江旅游业的综合效率水平较高,旅游生产要素的潜力发挥较好;区内差异较大,苏南城市旅游效率要明显高于苏中城市;根据分析结果提出建议:加大科技创新投入,大力发展旅游创意产业,通过旅游资源整合和产品创新促使旅游效率提升;加强区域合作,扩大生产规模,提高规模效率;拓展旅游产业链,用技术进步和创意来提升旅游效率,推动旅游业的可持续发展.     

高铁旅游时代下河南省酒店发展现状与对策

郑西高铁和京广高铁的开通，标志着河南进入到了高铁旅游时代。高铁旅游时代有利于河南省酒店市场需求的发展、酒店企业服务质量和酒店产品品质的提升；但是，旅游者对中高档酒店的需求以及特色的绿色环保酒店建设也成为制约河南旅游市场做大的障碍。河南省酒店发展策略的调整也成为大势所趋。     

中国旅游上市公司成长性与投资效率研究

基于中国15家旅游上市公司2001—2014年财务数据,通过建立多元回归模型,研究旅游上市公司投资效率与成长性的相关性,并引入虚拟变量对比景点类、综合类和酒店类旅游上市公司投资效率对企业成长性的影响.研究显示,景点类、综合类和酒店类旅游上市公司投资效率与成长性综合指数存在差异;旅游上市公司的投资效率与企业成长存在显著的正相关关系;景点类、综合类和酒店类旅游上市公司的投资效率对企业成长性的影响具有明显差异,综合类高于景点类和酒店类旅游上市公司,并结合旅游行业特点分析原因.     

中国星级旅游饭店经营效率时空差异及影响因素分析

运用DEA-Malmquist模型,实证分析了中国大陆31个省(市)星级旅游饭店2000-2016年经营效率的时空差异特征,基于相关数据采用TOBIT面板回归模型,针对那些影响饭店经营效率的因素进行了分析.根据研究结果,我国星级旅游饭店的发展特点表现为:技术效率水平总体较高,规模效率呈现波动上升趋势,综合技术效率也呈现波动上升趋势,同时两者呈现较强的相关性;全生产要素指数偏低且呈现下降趋势,东南部地区高于西北部地区.影响因素方面:人才动力、经济动力和信息化动力等因素对星级旅游饭店综合技术效率的提高具有正向作用;市场动力和资本动力等因素对综合技术效率的影响具有负向作用.根据研究成果和实际发展中出现的问题,本文对星级旅游饭店今后的发展提出了相应的政策建议和发展策略.     

浅谈区域旅游商品开发体系的建立

我国目前的区域旅游商品市场旅游商品的提供者数量众多、产品差别化很低、市场进出入壁垒也很低,是接近于完全竞争的市场结构的,但它的效率却很低.区域旅游商品的开发经营不仅能丰富区域旅游经济的内容,使许多地方特色产品彰显其多功能性,进而提高了区域旅游的附加值,并且可以提升整个区域旅游产业的发展水平,所以应该考虑建立区域旅游商品开发的合理体系.     

旅游产业数字化创新的水平测度和影响因素分析

旅游产业数字化创新成为实现旅游产业高质量发展的重要方式。探究数字经济下旅游产业创新发展的影响因素具有重要的现实意义。基于波特钻石理论模型,通过因子分析法定量评估和甄别了旅游产业数字化创新发展的影响因素;利用熵权法对2016—2021年中国31个省(市、区)的旅游产业数字化水平进行测度,并通过灰色关联度分析法对影响因素的重要程度进行排序。研究结果显示：人力资源、资金资本、数字技术、市场规模、产业基础、交通条件、信息化水平、政府支持、创新能力等因素对旅游产业数字化创新有正向影响作用。其中,政府支持、创新能力、人力资源等因素影响作用最大,数字技术和市场规模因素影响作用较大,交通条件影响因素的影响作用最小。     

基于SSM的山东省海外旅游市场结构分析

本文以山东省和中国旅游统.计年鉴的数据为基础,利用偏离-份额分析法（SSM）,对山东省2002-2007年海外旅游市场结构进行动态分析研究.结果表明,2002-2007年山东海外旅游市场总体结构未发生实质性变化,结构性问题较为突出,对韩国与日本两大客源市场依赖性较大,但旅游市场结构变动也存在利好因素;山东省海外旅游市场总体增长速度高于全国平均速度,具有市场竞争力优势,但是不具有市场结构优势;山东省具有市场比较优势的海外旅游市场包括韩国、日本、德国、美国、英国、法国和意大利等7个国家,俄罗斯、新加坡、马来西亚、菲律宾、加拿大、澳大利亚、泰国、印度尼西亚等8个国家不具有比较优势;以市场偏离指数和市场变化指数为标尺,将海外旅游市场划分为三种类型：兴旺市场、朝阳市场、和停滞市场,并且提出相应的营销策略.     

鄱阳湖区旅游竞争力研究

通过分析鄱阳湖区的旅游核心资源和市场规模,可以看出鄱阳湖区的旅游业发展在整个江西省优势明显,市场竞争力强,但仍存在不少问题。为加强区域旅游竞争力,提出了提升鄱阳湖区域旅游竞争力的建议和对策。     

科技园技术扩散背景下农业技术采用效率研究 ——基于许昌国家农业科技园花卉产业的调查统计

农业科技园是以某特定农业技术为主导的区域农业技术研发与推广中心,对辐射区内农业技术扩散与生产效率提升有重要的引擎作用。考察其技术扩散效率及影响因素,对改进科技园技术扩散的举措有显著价值。基于198份有效调研问卷,对许昌国家农业科技园花卉产业的技术采用效率进行了测度,结果表明:①样本花卉种植户具有较高的技术效率水平,均值为0.785 5,资本、劳动力及土地3个要素对技术效率的影响均通过了显著性检验,资本和土地规模的二次项也有一定程度的影响;②从不同规模花卉种植户的效率累积次数分布来看,规模较大的花卉种植户技术效率均值明显高于规模较小者;③技术效率损失的影响因素方面,决策者学历程度、家庭的劳动力赋存状况、种植面积、是否成为龙头企业基地户、参加种植技术培训次数以及贷款便利程度等变量均通过了不同程度的显著性检验。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.