扩展目标低阶校正自适应光学系统的补偿效果

当自适应光学系统对扩展目标进行低阶模式校正时,系统存在非等晕误差.本文应用大气湍流波前扰动的Zemike多项式分解,推导了扩展目标情况下低阶校正自适应光学系统的模式非等晕误差和波前校正残余误差的关系表达式.在此基础上给出了光波水平大气传输时倾斜校正自适应光学系统波前残余误差的数值计算结果.此外还给出了太阳表面米粒结构低对比度扩展目标倾斜校正后的补偿成像实验结果.     

云南天文台1.2m望远镜61单元自适应光学系统

云南天文台1.2 m望远镜61单元自适应光学系统已经完成升级改造并投入使用.该自适应光学系统主要由倾斜跟踪控制回路、高阶校正回路以及高分辨力成像系统组成.为了提高系统的跟踪精度,倾斜跟踪控制回路由两级倾斜校正回路串联而成,用于校正望远镜的跟踪误差和大气湍流引起的倾斜跟踪误差.高阶校正回路主要由一套哈特曼波前传感器、一块61单元变形反射镜以及一套高速数字波前处理机组成.系统中哈特曼波前传感器的工作波段为400～700 nm,系统成像波段为700～900 nm.在介绍61单元自适应光学系统各组成部分的基础上,对该系统的性能进行了分析,并给出了实际天文恒星目标的高分辨力自适应光学成像观测结果.     

应用于低对比度扩展目标观测的大型阵列太阳自适应光学电子系统的设计与实现

自适应光学由于能够显著提高空间分辨率,在天文观测领域日益得到广泛的应用。与通常应用于恒星观测的夜天文自适应光学技术相比,对太阳表面低对比度扩展目标的观测校正一直是自适应光学中的难点。该文针对太阳观测中的低对比度扩展目标特性,采用FFT协方差相关算法,初步实现了大型阵列自适应光学电子系统。该系统采用阵列DSP和FPGA协同工作的架构,由低阶相关跟踪系统和高阶波前处理系统两部分组成。初步实验结果表明,系统能够满足预先设计的要求,并且具有较好的灵活性、通用性和扩展性。     

低照度自适应图像增强方法研究

在夜间低照度情况下,应用于智能交通的目标检测与跟踪算法性能急剧下降,不能满足实际需求。为此提出一种夜间低照度彩色图像增强方法,提高图像的视觉效果,使智能交通系统全时工作成为可能。采用RGB三通道联合增强的方式,从亮度和对比度两方面协同改善图像质量;打破伽玛校正用于对比度增强的惯例,利用伽玛校正进行亮度调节并联合对比度增强函数来实现图像增强;通过对图像质量整体评价自适应计算变换参数。实验结果表明:算法简洁、效果良好,具有一定的使用价值。     

偏振遥感图像的大气校正

为了实现对遥感图像快速、精确的大气校正,提出了一种联合偏振光强度信息和偏振度信息的图像大气校正算法。该算法首先采用矢量偏振辐射传输模型（vectorized linearized discrete ordinate radiative transfer, VLIDORT）建立一个由观测几何、目标偏振信息、大气条件、气溶胶模式等参数组成的查找表,然后通过查找表插值方法对输入的图像进行大气校正。实验结果表明,偏振图像大气校正算法在雾天成像条件下,使得图像对比度提高了41.84%,图像信息熵值提高了0.44,很好地去除了雾对图像的影响。进而说明偏振图像大气校正算法能够很好地还原目标强度信息和偏振度信息,提高图像的对比度,增加图像的信息熵值。     

基于超磁致伸缩材料的高速倾斜镜的设计与应用

在目标跟踪系统中,由于大气湍流的影响导致光波振幅和相位起伏。为了提高跟踪性能,降低大气湍流造成的光斑倾斜成为了首要目标,而高速倾斜镜（FSM）则是达成这一目标的关键器件。文中介绍的高速倾斜镜利用超磁致伸缩材料（GMM）作为位移驱动元件,通过线圈的电流产生磁场控制材料的伸缩,从而驱动倾斜镜的偏转。该倾斜镜已经被应用于激光大气传输倾斜校正系统中,使湍流造成的倾斜减少了90%,光斑稳定度和光斑质量得到了明显提高。     

激光干扰对CCD跟踪性能影响的图像尺度分析

分析CCD成像跟踪系统的组成及常用跟踪算法,针对激光干扰图像的特点,结合机器视觉中背景杂波的量化方法,提出一种基于小波能量与平方和根的图像尺度,并将其应用于激光干扰对成像跟踪性能的影响分析。该尺度利用小波能量尺度在成像跟踪系统方面以及平方和根尺度在目标局部对比度方面各自的优点,适用于激光干扰后跟踪算法性能的评估。激光视场内干扰与视场外干扰的实验结果表明,该尺度能够较好地反映激光干扰图像对于CCD成像跟踪算法性能的影响,初步验证了尺度的有效性。     

光电跟踪仪作用距离分析

光电跟踪仪电视系统的作用距离是其重要指标之一,在系统设计过程中,应进行必要的计算、分析和研究.详细探讨了影响电视跟踪系统作用距离的主要因素,分析了目标成像尺寸、目标和天空背景在电视像面的照度和对比度,建市了标准大气条件下,电视系统作用距离的数学模型,提出采用光学和信号处理手段相结合的方法可有效提高电视系统的作用距离,利用计算探测距离的公式可估计系统的作用距离,进而为设计提供参考.     

同步扫描水下激光成像的角分辨率极限

同步扫描水下激光成像技术是一种能有效抑制后向散射的水下成像技术,它采用高度准直的激光束照明水下目标,通过扫描扩展横向视场,结合载体的纵向运动得到目标的二维灰度图像。建立了目标反射率的一维理论模型,通过该模型分析了激光发散角和采样角对同步扫描水下激光成像系统角分辨率的定量影响。结果表明,若激光发散角为δ,并以对比度衰减至原始目标的0.2倍为下限,则系统的角分辨率可达0.6δ。     

日光对532nm激光成像性能影响实验分析

532 nm激光成像雷达在成像过程中容易受到日光干扰而降低图像信噪比。利用532 nm条纹管激光雷达对复杂场景(建筑物群)进行昼夜成像实验,并采用直方图统计法分析同一场景分别在白昼和夜晚的激光强度像和距离像的像素值分布,进而分析日光对激光成像性能影响。实验结果表明:日照光会提高激光强度像的亮度以及背景/目标的对比度,同时也增加了距离像的空天背景噪声;夜晚激光距离像信噪比高,但目标强度像对比度不佳。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.