福州市白马河生态修复和景观改造方法探析

城市内河作为城市生态的重要载体,其生态问题很大程度上制约着城市的发展。近几年,国内许多城市都着力对城市内河的污染进行综合治理,但治理效果并不理想,返污现象频繁。为此以福州市白马河为例,分析福州内河治理返污的原因,并以生态修复为基础探索综合运用生物修复、物理修复以及其他工程手段的内河治理方法,强调通过恢复水生态系统的自修复和自调节能力,实现水生态系统的良性循环,从而净化内河水质、优化生态护岸、美化内河景观。     

城市河道黑臭评价模型研究进展

介绍了城市河道黑臭的成因及机理,评述了目前国内外在城市河道黑臭评价方面所取得的一系列成果.对目前国内外各类河道黑臭评价模型进行比较,筛选出多元线性回归模型、有机污染指数模型、黑臭多因子加权指数模型和综合水质标识指数法这几种使用较为广泛的模型并进行分析,并对城市河道黑臭评价模型建立的发展趋势进行了展望.     

汾河太原城区段水体黑臭评价

以多断面、长时间、高频度现场观测与水质监测资料为基础,应用黑臭单因子污染指数、有机污染指数和黑臭多因子加权指数分别对水体进行黑臭评价,提出了适合汾河太原城区段的水质黑臭评价方法和标准。     

天津市黑臭水体水质调查及长效改善技术研究

对天津市建成区21条黑臭河道的透明度、溶解氧及NH_3-N等指标进行现场调查和采样监测,对黑臭河道水质状况进行评价和分级.分析黑臭水体的污染特征及黑臭原因,提出"排查评估→污染削减→生态恢复→水系循环→信息公开"分步骤进行黑臭水体整治的总体方案,根据河道特点制定"一河一策"水体污染整治措施,为天津市黑臭水体整治和管理提供科学依据.     

广州市谷河轮虫群落结构及水体黑臭水平

珠江支流谷河表观上可定义为城市黑臭水体。轮虫作为重要的指示生物,在评价水体营养和污染状态等方面得到广泛应用,但轮虫与黑臭水体关系的研究基本为空白。于2017年11月至2018年3月对广州谷河中大河段进行了轮虫与水体黑臭的3次调研。通过轮虫污染指示性种类组成、E/O指数、Q_(B/T)指数和香农多样性指数(H′)对水质进行富营养化评价,采用黑臭多因子加权指数法(I_B)对谷河进行黑臭评价。结果表明,谷河中大河段的轮虫共计35种,隶属10科16属,其中污染指示种23种。根据E/O指数和Q_(B/T)指数均判定谷河达到富营养化水平。H′指数判定谷河为α-中污型和β-中污型。Pearson相关性分析表明轮虫种类数、丰度与水温、COD_(Mn)、DO、Chl a呈显著相关(P﹤0.05)。典范对应分析显示,藻类丰度、Chl a、水温、COD_(Mn)等是影响谷河群落结构变化的重要因素,前翼轮虫、晶囊轮虫与I_B呈相关性显著,可作为谷河水体污染加重的指示生物。但轮虫总丰度、臂尾轮虫总丰度、臂尾轮虫组成比例与I_B没有显著相关性。研究表明轮虫可作为有效的水体污染指示生物来评价谷河水体营养状况,但用来评价水体黑臭状况还有待后续的深入研究。     

福州内河水环境综合治理研究

介绍了福州城区内河治理现状,分析了其存在的主要问题;着重就实施内河水环境综合治理,实现水体水质良好、生态功能完善的几个措施,即内河水动力水质模型的建立与水流污染物运动规律研究、城市污水处理系统的完善、内河引水冲污调度实时控制系统建设和内河水生态环境重建等问题进行了探讨.     

东平湖轮虫群落与水质评价

报道了东平湖轮虫群落结构特征及数量的季节变动,并依据调查结果,采用“指示生物法”“生物指数法”和“Ｒ．Ｍａｒｇａｌｅｆ多样性指数法”评价该糊水质状况及营养化程度,研究表明,轮虫对水体污染具有较好的指示作用,东平湖水质属于寡污－β中污至β中污型,且各采样站水质污染程度有的差别。     

晋阳湖轮虫群落特征与水质相关性的研究

对晋阳湖轮虫种类组成、密度及物种多样性进行了初步研究，依据轮虫群落结构、指示物种和多样性指数，评价晋阳湖水质状况及营养化的程度．研究表明轮虫对水体污染有较好的指示作用，晋阳湖水质属于寡污-β中污，且各采样站水质污染程度差异不大．     

影响引清调水黑臭改善效果因素分析

黑臭是水质有机污染的一种极端现象,是由于水体缺氧,有机物腐败而造成的。伴随着城市快速扩张、工业化进程加快、人口急剧膨胀,珠三角河网水体受到严重污染,其中有许多河涌特别是断头涌出现季节性或常年性黑臭现象。实践证明,引清调水对改善水体黑臭效果明显。分析黑臭及其影响改善效果的各个因素的相关关系,结果表明：污染源是影响河涌水体黑臭改善效果的主要影响因素,污染源的数量、排污口的面积与黑臭的相关系数分别达到了0．861、0．925;涨潮时引水流量是对河涌黑臭改善有利的主要影响因素,其相关系数为-0．542。实施截污和清淤,通过长期引清调水,可以根本解决河涌水体的黑臭问题。     

城市黑臭河道富营养化次生灾害形成机制及其控制对策思考

对城市河道黑臭污染的形成及其治理、富营养化次生灾害表现形式、形成机制以及预防和控制对策等方面进行了总结和研究.结果表明,随着城市黑臭河道相应污染治理工程、措施的实施,河道水体污染负荷得到了大大消减、水质得到了一定的改善、黑臭也逐步好转,但营养盐仍处于相对较高的水平,且可被植物直接利用吸收的营养盐储备充足,同时,黑臭污染的治理使得受损的河道生态系统得到了一定的恢复和重建,当外界环境条件适宜时,极易引起水华暴发、浮萍泛滥、水葫芦"疯"长、水生植物生物量激增等富营养化次生灾害.对于城市黑臭河道治理后富营养化次生灾害的预防和控制必须以城市黑臭河道污染治理为基础,将其纳入到河道污染整治整体规划中.综合运用上/下行效应理论,应从外源控制、内源治理和修复、整体生态系统恢复等角度进行系统预防和控制.同时也应厘清思路,认识到城市黑臭河道富营养化及其次生灾害的形成是城市黑臭河道污染治理过程中的必经阶段,城市河道水环境治理应从当前的"黑臭等重污染治理"向"氮磷营养盐控制"转变.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.