P^53与C—erbB2,C—ras,C—myc在卵巢粒层细胞瘤中的过度表达及…

目的：了解ｐ＾５３及Ｃ－ｅｒＢ２，Ｃ－ｒａｓ，Ｃ－ｍｙｃ在卵巢粒层细胞瘤中的表达及此瘤发生，发展的关系，方法：采用单克隆抗体免疫组化技术，对２５份卵巢粒层细胞瘤组织进行ｐ＾５３，Ｃ－ｅｒＢ２，Ｃ－ｒａｓ及Ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达的检测，分析基因表达与临床一病理指标及患者预后的关系，结果：２５例卵巢粒层细胞瘤中，Ｐ＾５３，Ｃｅｒｂ２，Ｃ－ｒａｓ，Ｃ－ｍｙｃ的过度表达率分别为５６％，５６％，４８％，４８％，Ⅲ～     

子宫内膜癌p53蛋白过度表达与性激素受体阳性的关系

目的：研究子宫内膜癌ｐ５３蛋白过度表达与性激素受体阳性的关系。方法：收集４５例子宫内膜癌手术标本，采用多种ＰＡＰ免疫组化方法进行检测。结果：４５例宫内膜癌中１４例（３１．１％）ｐ５３蛋白过度表达，其中１１例雌、孕激素受体阴性，而在ｐ５３阴性的３１例中２７例雌、孕激素受体阳性。在子宫内膜癌中ｐ５３蛋白过度表达与雌、孕激素受体呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：部分子宫内膜癌的发生可能与雌激素受体无关，而与ｐ５３蛋白过度表达有关。     

癌基因bcl—2及抑癌基因p53在子宫内膜癌的表达及临床 …

目的：研究癌基因ｂｃｌ－２及抑癌基因ｐ５３在子宫内膜癌发生，发展中的作用，方法：采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测４９例子宫内膜癌中ｂｃｌ－２ｐ５３基因蛋白的表达，结果：４９例子宫内膜癌中的２６例ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性，占５３％１２例ｐ５３表达阳性，占２５％，子宫内膜组织学分级Ｇ１，Ｇ２，ｂｃｌ－２表达率（６６％）显著高于Ｇ３表达率（２１％，Ｐ〈０．０５），而Ｇ３ｐ５３表达率（４６％）显著高于Ｇ１，Ｇ２表达率（     

癌基因bcl-2及抑癌基因p53在子宫内膜癌的表达及临床意义

目的：研究癌基因ｂｃｌ－２及抑癌基因ｐ５３在子宫内膜癌发生、发展中的作用。方法：采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测４９例子宫内膜癌中ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３基因蛋白的表达。结果：４９例子宫内膜癌中２６例ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性，占５３％；１２例ｐ５３表达阳性，占２５％。子宫内膜癌组织学分级Ｇ１、Ｇ２ｂｃｌ－２表达率（６６％）显著高于Ｇ３表达率（２１％，Ｐ＜００５），而Ｇ３ｐ５３表达率（４６％）显著高于Ｇ１、Ｇ２表达率（１７％，Ｐ＜００５），ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性与阴性者生存率统计无显著性差异，ｐ５３表达阳性者生存率显著低于ｐ５３表达阴性者。ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３表达与肌层浸润、手术分期无明显相关。结论：癌基因ｂｃｌ－２与抑癌基因ｐ５３可能在子宫内膜癌发生的不同阶段起作用，抑制细胞凋亡，促进肿瘤的发展与转归。     

子宫内膜癌bcl-2癌基因的持续性表达及其临床意义

目的：研究子宫内膜癌ｂｃｌ－２癌基因的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测增生期、分泌期、单纯型增生、复合型增生及不典型增生子宫内膜共２６份，子宫内膜癌４９例的ｂｃｌ－２癌基因蛋白表达及雌、孕激素受体（ＥＲ、ＰＲ）的表达。结果：正常增生期子宫内膜、增生的子宫内膜存在ｂｃｌ－２的表达，与ＥＲ相关，分泌期子宫内膜ｂｃｌ－２表达下降；４９例子宫内膜癌中２６例ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性，占５３％，２９例ＥＲ表达阳性，占５９％，２５例ＰＲ表达阳性，占５１％。７２％ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性者ＥＲ阳性，７５％ｂｃｌ－２表达阴性者ＥＲ阴性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。６８％ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性者ＰＲ阳性，６２％ｂｃｌ－２阴性者ＰＲ阴性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。子宫内膜癌Ｇ１、Ｇ２级ｂｃｌ－２的表达率为６６％，显著高于Ｇ３级者（２１％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｂｃｌ－２的表达与肌层浸润、手术分期无关，ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性及阴性者生存率统计差异无显著性。结论：子宫内膜ｂｃｌ－２的持续性表达与卵巢激素相互作用可能在子宫内膜癌发生、发展中起作用     

c—myc癌基因和p53抑癌基因在交界性子宫平滑肌瘤中的表达

ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因和ｐ５３抑癌基因在交界性子宫平滑肌瘤中的表达谭毅辛晓燕张小化交界性子宫平滑肌肿瘤由于其特殊的病理特征，有时不易与子宫平滑肌肉瘤鉴别。本研究采用地高辛精标记探针原位杂交技术，检测ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因和ｐ５３抑癌基因在子宫平滑肌肿瘤中的表达和...     

人子宫平滑肌肿瘤的雌、孕激素受体和p~(53)蛋白表达

目的：探讨子宫平滑肌瘤与雌、孕激素受体的关系；了解ｐ５３蛋白在不同组织学类型肌瘤细胞内的表达情况。方法：直接荧光组织化学法和免疫组化法。结果：子宫肌瘤雌、孕激素受体阳性率为６５．５２％，高于子宫肌壁的雌、孕激素受体３６．３６％的阳性率。两组差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。６０例子宫平滑肌瘤ｐ５３蛋白总阳性表达率为１８．８３％，良性平滑肌瘤组、富细胞型及子宫肉瘤组ｐ５３蛋白阳性率分别为１３．３３％、１５％和４０％。肉瘤组ｐ５３蛋白阳性率明显高于良性肌瘤组，但差异无显著性。结论：雌、孕激素对子宫平滑肌瘤的发生均有一定作用。人子宫平滑肌瘤ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达率低于女性生殖道上皮源性肿瘤，而与人纤维源性肿瘤的ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达率接近。     

c-Ha-ras、c-erbB_2癌基因产物和p53、nm23抑癌基因产物对葡萄胎恶变的预测价值

目的：探讨ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２癌基因产物和ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３抑癌基因产物表达异常和葡萄胎恶变的关系及在预测葡萄胎恶变的价值。方法：采用针对４种基因产物的单克隆抗体，ＳＰ法免疫组织化学染色，回顾分析了≥２ａ随访证实发生恶变的葡萄胎５０例（恶变组）和未发生恶变的葡萄胎３２例（非恶变组）中４种基因产物的表达情况。结果：恶变组中ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ和ｎｍ２３基因产物的表达程度显著低于非恶变组（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．００１）；恶变组中ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２及ｐ５３基因产物的表达程度显著高于非恶变组（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）。进一步以４种基因产物的表达程度为变量，进行ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归判别分析，表明４种基因产物联合应用对葡萄胎恶变的预测敏感性率为８６％，特异性率为７８．１％，而ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归判别分析显示，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２和ｎｍ２３基因产物联合应用时，对葡萄胎恶变的预测敏感性率为８４％，特异性率为７５％。结论：ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２癌基因产物及ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３抑癌基因产物表达异常与葡萄胎恶变密切相关，用以预测葡萄胎恶变具有较高的价值     

子宫内膜癌ras及HER—2／neu癌基因的表达

子宫内膜癌ｒａｓ及ＨＥＲ－２／ｎｅｕ癌基因的表达薛凤霞焦书竹王海燕陈斌其为探讨ｒａｓ、ＨＥＲ－２／ｎｅｕ癌基因与子宫内膜癌临床及病理学特征的关系，本研究检测了１０３例子宫内膜癌组织中ｒａｓ、ＨＥＲ－２／ｎｅｕ癌基因的表达情况。一、材料和方法：１．临床...     

子宫内膜癌p53抑癌基因蛋白表达及其与预后的关系

为研究抑癌基因ｐ５３与子宫内膜癌的关系，本研究用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测了２３例正常子宫内膜、４４例子宫内膜增殖症及１０３例子宫内膜癌组织中抑癌基因ｐ５３的表达情况。结果表明：突变型ｐ５３蛋白在于宫内膜癌组织中的阳性率为４７．６％，而在正常子宫内膜及各类型子官内膜增殖症中均为阴性。突变型ｐ５３的表达与子宫内膜癌的病理类型、组织分化、脉管浸润情况及ＤＮＡ异倍体等因素有关。ｐ５３表达阳性者的生存率明显低于无表达者，５年生存率分别为５９．９％及８３．４％。用Ｃｏｘ比例风险模型计算，结果表明ｐ５３表达阳性者的死亡危险度为阴性者的６．３４倍。突变型ｐ５３蛋白的出现与子宫内膜癌的恶性生物学行为有关。     

Dualistic model of molecular pathogenesis in endometrial carcinoma

Sporadic endometrial carcinoma can be divided into two biologically and clinically distinctive subtypes of which one is estrogen-related (type I), the other estrogen-unrelated (type II). Type I carcinomas occur at younger age, express estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), are frequently associated with endometrial hyperplasia and show a good prognosis. Type II carcinomas occur at older age, are negative for ER and PR, arise in the background of atrophic endometrium and show poor prognosis. Histologically, endometrioid carcinomas correspond to type I carcinomas whereas serous carcinoma is the prototype of type II carcinomas. Endometrioid and serous carcinomas are significantly different with respect to their molecular changes. Endometrioid carcinomas frequently show microsatellite instability (MIN), PTEN and K-ras mutation but infrequently p53 mutations, loss of p16 expression and her2/neu amplification, respectively. In contrast, serous carcinomas show a high frequency of p53 mutations and often loss of p16 expression whereas MIN and PTEN and K-ras mutations are uncommon. Familial endometrial carcinoma associated with HNPCC occur about two decades earlier than sporadic carcinomas, show endometrioid histology and are frequently MIN positiv due to germline mutations of mismatch repair genes (mostly MLH1 and MSH2). During the progression of endometrioid carcinoma PTEN mutations and MIN are considered early changes since they are present in a high frequency in atypical endometrial hyperplasia whereas p53 mutations, loss of p16 expression and her2/neu amplification are considered late events since they are predominantly found in poorly differentiated tumors. In contrast, p53 mutations are considered an early event in the pathogenesis of serous carcinoma occurring already in its putative precursor endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (EIC). The future research will focus, besides the discovery of new relevant genes, on the interaction of known genes as well as their clinical relevance.     

Immunohistochemical bcl-2 expression, p53 overexpression, PR and ER status in endometrial carcinoma and survival outcomes

Immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2, p53, PR and ER in cases with endometrial carcinomas arrayed on a tissue microarray (TMA) was tested and correlated with clinicopathologic features, overall survival (OS), cancer-related survival (CRS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Seventy-seven patients with endometrial cancer were reviewed. Slides were evaluated by two pathologists blinded to patient clinical characteristics and survival data. Mean age of patients was 62.5 years (range 35-80), median follow up 60 months (range 9-120). Seventy-nine percent of patients were FIGO Stage I; 39% of the cases showed bcl-2 cytoplasmic staining and its expression was significantly correlated with low-grade tumor differentiation and age < or = 60 years. Nuclear p53 overexpression was detected in 23.4% of the cases and was significantly correlated with advanced stages (IIB-IV), non-endometrioid histology, nodal metastasis and advanced age (> 60 years). PR and ER were positive in 63.6% and 30% of the cases, respectively. Analysis of p53 overexpression and bcl-2 expression in relationship with PR and ER status showed a direct correlation between bcl-2 expression and PR positivity (p = 0.001). In a multivariate analysis FIGO staging was the only clinicopathologic parameter independently correlated with DFS. In conclusion p53 overexpression was directly associated with unfavorable clinicopathologic factors such as advanced stage, histologic subtype, advanced patient age and nodal metastasis. Bcl-2 expression was related with younger age, favorable grade and PR expression by tumor cells. Patient survival was not related to the tested biomarkers.     

Prognostic significance of progesterone receptor immunohistochemistry for lymph node metastases in endometrial carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), p53 protein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression constitute independent prognostic factors for lymph node metastases in endometrial carcinoma using immunohistochemical techniques on hysterectomy and biopsy specimens. METHODS: We evaluated the correlation between lymph node metastases and PR/ER immunohistochemistry, p53/PCNA expression, age, tumor grade, myometrial tumor invasion, cervical involvement, and ovarian metastases in a series of 99 cases of primary endometrial carcinoma surgically staged with systemic pelvic lymphadenectomy and para-aortic lymph node biopsy. RESULTS: Lymph node metastases from endometrial carcinoma were statistically correlated with negative PR immunohistochemistry (P = 0.001), intense p53 expression (66% or more of the tumor cells stained, P = 0.003), deep myometrial tumor invasion (greater than one-half, P = 0.001), and cervical involvement (P = 0.001). Tumor grade showed borderline statistical significance for lymph node metastases (P = 0.058). On multivariate analysis, negative PR, intense p53 expression, and cervical involvement were significant prognostic variables for lymph node metastases (P = 0.0001, 0.0023, and 0.002, respectively). Immunohistochemical study indicated that the PR status on preoperative biopsy specimens and hysterectomy specimens was in good agreement, but p53 status was not. Age, ovarian metastases, ER immunohistochemistry, and PCNA expression were not significantly related to lymph node metastases. CONCLUSION: PR immunohistochemistry appeared to be the most powerful prognostic factor associated with lymph node metastases in endometrial carcinoma, independent of other clinicopathological parameters.     

A significance of immunohistochemical determination of steroid receptors, cell proliferation factor Ki-67 and protein p53 in endometrial carcinoma

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to preoperatively predict the biologic behavior of the endometrial carcinoma using immunohistochemical analysis of the p53 protein and Ki-67 expression, and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status, in the material obtained by fractional curettage. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six patients with primary endometrial carcinoma were included in the study. In all 136 patients, the fractional curettage was performed before the hysterectomy, and the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma was confirmed pathohistologically after the surgical procedure on the hysterectomy specimens. The significance of the prognostic factors was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The cutoff values of the percentage of ER, PR, p53, and Ki-67 positive cells in terms of survival probability determination were obtained as the values of the highest chi-square test, using proportional-risk regression method. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to estimate the influence of several clinical, pathohistologic, and immunohistochemical covariates to patients' survival. Survival curves were determined by the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method based on the most recent clinical status. RESULTS: According to the histologic type of the tumor, fractional curettage specimens revealed 111 histologically favorable types (81.6%) and 25 unfavorable types (18.4%). The data indicate that ER, PR, Ki-67, and p53 levels of the hysterectomy specimens and those of the preoperative specimens were in fairly good agreement. The patients with the most favorable tumor grade (G I) had significantly better prognosis when the percentage of p53 positive cells was less than 15%. In the group of patients with histologic grade II, the survival was affected by ER expression (more than 30% of positive cells) and p53 levels (less than 15% of positive cells). None of the parameters was predictive in the group of patients with histologic grade III. CONCLUSIONS: We found that determination of immunohistochemical parameters (ER, PR, and p53) on well-differentiated and moderately differentiated endometrial carcinoma of favorable histologic type obtained by curettage enables the recognition of the patients with favorable prognosis, who should not be treated by radical surgery.     

子宫内膜癌分子标志物与临床病理特征关系的研究

目的探讨子宫内膜癌中ER、PR、PTEN、p53及Ki-67的表达与临床、病理特征的关系。方法收集200例原发性子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理资料,对其ER、PR、PTEN、p53及Ki-67表达情况进行统计学分析。结果①子宫内膜癌病例中．ER、PR、PTEN、p53的阳性表达率分别为86．5％、85．5％、82．10和49．2％;Ki-67在癌灶中的阳性表达率为4％--95％,平均为46．9％。②妊娠次数与PR阳性表达呈负相关（r=-0．191,P=0．007）,而发病年龄、分娩次数与p53阳性表达呈正相关（r=0．184,P=0．041;r=0．255,P=0．004）。③子宫内膜样腺癌ER、PR、p53阳性率与其他类型子宫内膜癌比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0,01）。④ER阳性表达与手术病理分期呈负相关（r=-0．155,P=0．028）,其中I期患者ER阳性率高于Ⅱ期及以上患者（P=0．032）。⑤ER、PR阳性表达与组织学分级呈负相关（r=-0．217,P=0．002;r=-0．317,P=0．000）,但p53、Ki-67表达与其呈正相关（r=0．327,P=0．000;r=0．465,P=0．000）。⑥ER阳性表达与肌层浸润深度呈负相关（r=-0．142,P=0．046）,在有无深肌层浸润上ER、PR表达率均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对子宫内膜活检组织进行分子标志物的分子特征检测,有助于指导临床。     

雌激素受体ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中表达及临床意义的初步研究

目的:分析新型雌激素受体ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达与临床病理特征的关系。方法:免疫组织化学方法检测73例子宫内膜癌、20例正常子宫内膜、9例不典型增生子宫内膜组织切片ERα36的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征间的关系。结果:ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中阳性表达率(32.9%,24/73)显著低于正常子宫内膜组织(85%,17/20)(P<0.01);ERα36阴性表达者较阳性表达者出现更多宫颈受侵(48.9%vs 20.8%,P<0.05);ERα36阳性表达者无疾病生存时间短于阴性表达者(P<0.01);ERα36表达与患者年龄、临床分期、组织学分级、肌层浸润、淋巴结转移和病理类型的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ERα36表达与ER、PR、PTEN、p53无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织的表达明显低于正常子宫内膜组织;ERα36表达与ER无明显相关性,可能是子宫内膜癌预后的一个指标。     

雌激素受体、孕激素受体、C-erbB-2和Ki-67在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其与临床病理相关性

目的 探讨雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、C-erbB-2和Ki-67在不同子宫内膜组织中的表达及其与临床病理的相关性。方法 采用免疫组化S-P法检测2004年1月至2013年1月郑州人民医院病理科存档30例正常子宫内膜、30例不典型增生、80例子宫内膜癌组织中ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67的表达。结果　ER、PR在正常子宫内膜、不典型增生和子宫内膜癌中表达逐渐降低(P<0.05),在不同分化子宫内膜癌组织类型中表达有差异(P<0.05);C-erbB-2在正常子宫内膜中不表达,在不典型增生中表达为53.33%和子宫内膜癌中表达为80.00%,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ki-67在正常子宫内膜仅有少量表达,在不典型增生子宫内膜中表达为33.33%和子宫内膜癌中表达为63.75%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C-erbB-2及Ki-67的表达与子宫内膜癌的分化程度、临床分期、肌层浸润深度及淋巴结转移4种病理特征均有关(P<0.05)。结论　ER、PR、C-erbB-2和Ki-67表达与子宫内膜癌的临床病理相关,可作为判断子宫内膜癌预后及指导临床治疗的指标。     

细胞周期调控相关蛋白P53、P16、P21、Rb在子宫内膜癌的表达与意义

目的 :研究与细胞周期G1→S调控点相关的P5 3、P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白在子宫内膜癌的表达及其相关情况 ,探讨其临床应用价值。方法 :采用免疫组化 (LSAB法 )检测上述指标在 2 1例正常子宫内膜、15例子宫内膜上皮内瘤样病变 (EIN)及 4 5例子宫内膜癌中的表达。结果 :P5 3蛋白表达由正常内膜、EIN至内膜癌逐渐升高 ,而P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白结果相反 ;在子宫内膜癌中 ,P5 2和P2 1呈负相关 (r =- 0 .32 2 ) ,P16、P2 1与Rb呈正相关 (r=0 .36 1;r =0 .4 41)。P2 1蛋白表达与良好病理学分级有关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,P5 3蛋白表达与临床各参数有关 ,与ER、PR的表达呈负相关 ,单因素及多因素分析均提示P5 3蛋白表达阳性的子宫内膜癌患者预后差 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :与细胞周期G1→S调控相关的P5 3、P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白均参与子宫内膜癌发生、发展 ,且部分基因相互关联 ,P5 3可作为独立预后因素应用于临床 ,其阳性表达提示预后不良     

子宫内膜癌雄激素受体表达及临床意义

目的:探讨子宫内膜癌组织中的雄激素受体(AR)的表达及其与临床病理特征和雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)表达的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测41例正常子宫内膜、18例不典型增生及116例子宫内膜癌组织中AR、ER、PR的表达。结果:①子宫内膜细胞普遍存在AR的表达,在正常子宫内膜、不典型增生子宫内膜、子宫内膜癌组织中阳性表达率逐渐增高,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.424)。②AR在子宫内膜癌中的表达随患者FIGO分期、组织病理分级的升高而下降(P=0.011;P=0.047),而与患者发病年龄、是否绝经、组织学类型、淋巴结有无转移、肌层有无浸润无明显关系(P>0.05)。③AR的表达与ER、PR的表达呈正相关(r=0.293,P=0.001;r=0.275,P=0.003)。结论:AR在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中可能起重要作用,AR阳性表达者的生物学行为较好。     

子宫内膜癌组织中环氧化酶-2与雌、孕激素受体的表达及相关性研究

目的:探讨子宫内膜癌组织中环氧化酶-2(COX-2)、雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)的表达及相关性。方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测56例子宫内膜癌中COX-2、ER和PR的表达。结果:COX-2在子宫内膜癌中的表达率随病理分级的增高而升高,与患者年龄、临床分期和淋巴结转移情况无关。ER和PR在子宫内膜癌的表达与临床分期及病理分级、淋巴结转移有关,表达率随临床分期增加、病理分级增高及淋巴结转移而降低。COX-2的表达与ER和PR无关。结论:COX-2可能介导不同的生物学途径,可以联合内分泌药物与特异性COX-2抑制剂治疗转移或复发的子宫内膜癌。