捏脊疗法对脾虚证家兔血清胃动素的影响

目的观察捏脊疗法对脾虚证家兔血清胃动素（motilin,MOT）的影响。方法采用腹肌注射利血平法制作家兔脾虚证模型。将32只家兔随机分为空白组、模型组、捏脊组与四君子汤组,每组8只,空白及模型组予胃管灌喂蒸馏水,捏脊组予捏脊疗法,四君子汤组予胃管灌喂四君子汤处理。采用放免分析法测定血清MOT的含量。结果造模后家兔血清MOT的含量均明显升高,与空白组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;治疗后,捏脊组与四君子汤组家兔血清MOT的含量明显降低,与模型组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组之间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论捏脊疗法与四君子汤均可使脾虚证家兔血清MOT含量明显降低而发挥治疗作用,且作用相当;考虑小儿服药不便,小儿脾虚证可选择捏脊疗法治疗。     

调肝运脾汤治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的实验研究

目的?观察调肝运脾汤对腹泻型肠易激综合征（DIBS）大鼠模型体质量、小肠推进率、部分脑肠肽含量的影响。方法?采用番泻叶煎剂灌胃及夹尾刺激建立腹泻型IBS大鼠模型,实验设空白组、模型组、调肝运脾汤高、中、低剂量组、得舒特组,实验结束后测小肠推进率、结肠组织和血清5羟色胺（5HT）含量、结肠组织P物质（SP）、血管活性肽（VIP）含量。结果?调肝运脾汤可明显改善由番泻叶引起的动物腹泻症状,使动物体质量增长,减缓小肠推进率;可明显降低血清和组织中5HT含量,降低组织中SP、VIP含量,与模型组比较,差异显著（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;模型组大鼠血清5HT含量及结肠5HT、SP、VIP含量呈上升趋势,与空白组比较有显著差异（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）。结论?调肝运脾汤可能通过降低血清5HT含量及结肠组织5HT、VIP、SP含量,从而改善胃肠动力,发挥治疗肠易激综合征的效应。      

慢性应激大鼠肝郁脾虚证水通道蛋白的表达

目的:观测水通道蛋白在慢性应激肝郁脾虚证模型大鼠胃肠黏膜中的表达。方法:30只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组及逍遥丸组,采用慢性应激加过度疲劳及饮食失节法复制大鼠肝郁脾虚证模型。采用免疫组化法检测各组大鼠胃肠黏膜组织中AQP3、AQP8的表达。结果:1胃肠黏膜AQP3:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠胃、小肠、结肠黏膜中AQP3表达均显著降低(P0.01);与模型组比较,逍遥丸组胃、小肠、结肠黏膜中AQP3表达均上调(P0.05,P0.01)。2胃肠黏膜AQP8:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠胃、小肠、结肠黏膜中AQP8表达均显著降低(P0.01);与模型组比较,逍遥丸组胃、小肠、结肠黏膜中AQP8表达上调(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:抑郁症肝郁脾虚模型大鼠胃肠黏膜组织中AQPs的表达出现异常。     

艾灸对腹泻型肠易激综合征模型大鼠结肠及下丘脑组织中P物质、血管活性肠肽表达的影响

目的 观察艾灸对腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)模型大鼠结肠及下丘脑组织中P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)表达的影响。方法 将36只SPF级健康SD雄性大鼠采用随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组、艾灸组3组,每组12只。除空白组外,艾灸组和模型组大鼠采用慢性束缚联合番泻叶溶液灌胃的方法制备IBS-D模型。艾灸组采用艾条温和灸干预治疗,穴位选取两侧天枢和上巨虚,每日灸30 min,连续治疗14 d;空白组和模型组不采取任何干预措施。干预结束后,采集各组大鼠的结肠及下丘脑组织,采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测结肠及下丘脑组织中的SP、VIP的相对表达量;于造模结束后和干预结束后分别计算各组大鼠当日的稀便率,并进行比较。结果 与空白组比较,模型组大鼠结肠及下丘脑组织中的SP、VIP相对表达量均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);与模型组比较,艾灸组大鼠结肠及下丘脑组织中的SP、VIP相对表达量均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。干预后,与模型组比较,艾灸组大鼠稀便率明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 艾灸天枢、上巨虚穴可降低IBS-D模型大鼠结肠及下丘脑组织中的SP、VIP表达水平,从而延缓痛觉传递、减轻炎症反应、调节胃肠功能紊乱,这可能是艾灸治疗IBS-D的作用机制之一。     

苍术提取物调节脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力障碍的作用机制研究

目的 观察苍术提取物对实验性脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力的影响,探讨苍术提取物调节胃肠动力的作用机制.方法 将雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、多潘立酮组和苍术提取物高、中、低剂量组.除正常组外,其余各组喂饲小承气汤煎剂加饥饱失常建立脾虚证大鼠模型,造模时间15 d.造模结束后,苍术提取物低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃5、10、20 g/kg的中药煎剂2mL,多潘立酮组灌胃5 mg/kg的多潘立酮混悬溶液2mL,正常组及模型组则灌胃生理盐水2mL,1次/d,持续灌胃10 d.10 d后所有大鼠均用炭末灌胃法行大鼠胃内残留率、小肠推进率的测定,腹主动脉采血用放射免疫法检测血浆胃动素(MTL)、P物质(SP)、生长抑素(SS)含量,比色法测定大鼠空肠上皮细胞三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的含量,免疫组化法测定大鼠胃窦平滑肌细胞内肌球蛋白轻链激酶(MLCK)及结肠组织中c-kit表达量.结果 与模型组比较,正常组、多潘立酮组和苍术提取物高、中、低剂量组的胃内残留率明显下降、小肠推进率明显升高,而大鼠血浆MTL、SP和SS含量不同程度升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P ＜0.01);与模型组比较,正常组、多潘立酮组和苍术提取物高、中、低剂量组大鼠空肠上皮细胞ATP的含量及胃窦平滑肌细胞内MLCK和结肠组织中c-kit的表达量不同程度升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 苍术提取物可从不同方面整体改善由于脾虚导致的大鼠胃肠功能障碍,对因脾虚导致的胃肠功能紊乱有较好的调节和治疗作用.     

苍术提取物对实验性脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨苍术提取物对实验性脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力及免疫功能的影响,阐明苍术提取物调节胃肠动力及免疫功能的作用机制。方法:60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,低、中、高剂量苍术提取物组和多潘立酮组,每组10只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠喂饲小承气汤煎剂加饥饱失常建立大鼠脾虚证模型,造模结束后,苍术提取物低、中、高剂量组大鼠分别灌胃0.5、1.0和2.0 g·mL^-1苍术提取物煎剂,多潘立酮组大鼠灌胃多潘立酮混悬溶液,正常组和模型组大鼠则灌胃生理盐水。采用炭末灌胃法检测大鼠胃内残留率和小肠推进比;采用肠道灌流法检测大鼠肠道灌流液中IgA水平;腹主动脉采血法检测大鼠血清中IgG和血浆中胃动素(MTL)、P物质(SP)、生长抑素(SS)水平;免疫组织化学法检测大鼠十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织中Toll样受体4(TLR4)的表达水平。结果:与模型组比较,低、中、高剂量苍术提取物组和多潘立酮组大鼠肠道灌流液中IgA和血清中IgG水平升高,胃内残留率降低、小肠推进比升高,而大鼠血浆中MTL、SP和SS水平升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与低剂量苍术提取物组比较,中和高剂量苍术提取物组大鼠肠道灌注液中IgA和血清中IgG水平升高,胃内残留率降低,小肠推进比升高,大鼠血浆中MTL、SP和SS水平升高,十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织中TLR4表达水平升高 (P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:苍术提取物可改善实验性脾虚大鼠胃肠动力及免疫功能,对因脾虚而导致的胃肠功能紊乱及全身和局部免疫功能的低下状态均有较好的调节和治疗作用。     

捏脊疗法对脾气虚证兔血清D-木糖的影响

目的 观察捏脊疗法对脾气虚证兔血清D-木糖(D-xylose)的影响.方法 采用腹肌注射利血平法制作兔脾气虚证模型.将32只兔随机分为空白组、模型组、捏脊组与四君子汤组,每组8只,空白及模型组予胃管灌喂蒸馏水,捏脊组予捏脊疗法,四君子汤组予胃管灌喂四君子汤药液.采用间苯三酚显色法测定血清D-木糖的含量.结果 造模后兔血清D-未糖的含量均明显降低,与空白组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);治疗后,捏脊组与四君子汤组兔血清D-木糖的含量均明显升高,与模型组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),捏脊组与四君子汤组之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 捏脊疗法可使脾气虚证兔血清D-木糖含量明显升高,且与四君子汤的作用相当.     

香砂六君颗粒对脾虚大鼠胃肠动力和胃肠激素的影响

目的:通过动物实验观察香砂六君颗粒对脾虚大鼠胃肠动力和胃肠激素的影响,以探讨该药治疗脾虚胃病的机制.方法:用利血平注射液股四头肌注射复制脾虚大鼠模型,随机分为香砂六君颗粒高剂量组(A组)、中剂量组(B组)、低剂量组(C组)、香砂六君丸组(D组)、自然恢复组(E组),进行相应治疗,疗程结束后用葡聚糖蓝2000(BD2000)标记胃肠测量胃残留率和小肠推进比,同时下腔静脉采血放免法测胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)、生长抑素(SS).结果:与健康对照组(F组)比较,E组胃残留率增加,小肠推进比升高,MTL、GAS降低,SS升高(P＜0.01).与E组比较,A、B两组胃残留率降低(P＜0.01),小肠推进比降低(P＜.01),MTL升高(P＜0.01),GAS升高(P＜0.01),SS降低(P＜0.01);C组胃残留率降低(P＜0.05),小肠推进比降低(P＜0.01),MTL升高(P＜0.05),GAS升高(P＜0.05),SS降低(P＜0.01);D组胃残留率降低(P＜0.05),小肠推进比降低(P＜0.01),MTL、GAS升高(P＜0.05),SS降低(P＜0.05).与C组比较,A组胃残留率、小肠推进比降低,MTL、GAS升高,SS降低(P＜0.01).与B组比较,D组胃残留率升高(P＜0.05),小肠推进比升高(P＜0.01),MTL、GAS降低,SS升高(P＜0.05).A组与F组比较各项指标均无显著性差异.结论:香砂六君颗粒可提高脾虚大鼠血浆胃动素和血清胃泌素水平,降低血浆生长抑素水平,促进胃排空,延缓小肠推进,其作用优于香砂六君丸,并具有剂量依赖性,其对胃肠动力的调节作用可能是通过影响血液中胃肠激素水平实现的.     

人参水提物对脾虚小鼠胃肠动力和血清Ghrelin的影响

目的探讨人参水提部位对脾虚小鼠胃肠动力和血清Ghrelin等胃肠激素水平的影响。方法雄性昆明小鼠40只,随机分成空白对照组、模型组、西沙必利组和人参水提物组,每组10只。除空白对照组外,其他3组小鼠连续灌胃大黄水煎剂7 d,制备脾虚病理模型。空白对照组和模型组分别灌胃给予生理盐水0.2 mL/d,西沙必利0.5 mg/(kg·d),人参水提液2.5 g/(kg·d),连续给药6 d。以葡聚糖蓝(BD)作为标记物,观察受试药物对胃内色素相对残留率及小肠推进率的影响;同时应用ELISA法检测血清胃动素(MTL)和Ghrelin的水平。结果与空白组相比,脾虚模型组小鼠胃肠动力显著下降(P 0.01),血清胃动素(MTL)和Ghrelin水平均下降(P 0.05,P 0.01);与模型组比较,西沙必利组和人参水提物组小鼠胃内色素相对残留率显著减少(P 0.01),小肠推进率显著增加(P 0.01),西沙必利组小鼠血清胃动素(MTL)和Ghrelin显著增加(P 0.01),人参水提物组小鼠血清Ghrelin显著增加(P 0.01),而胃动素(MTL)水平无明显变化。结论人参水提物能够通过调节胃肠激素Ghrelin而改善脾虚小鼠胃肠动力不足。     

薏苡仁水煎液对脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力及激素水平的影响

目的:观察和探讨薏苡仁水煎液对脾虚证大鼠胃肠动力的调节及胃肠激素水平作用。方法:将雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、多潘立酮组和薏苡仁水煎液高、低剂量组。除正常组外,其余各组复制脾虚证动物模型,造模时间为15 d。建模成功后,正常组给予生理盐水1. 5 m L·100 g-1·d~(-1)灌胃、多潘立酮组给予5 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌胃、薏苡仁水煎液高、低剂量组分别给予20 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)、10 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌胃。给药期间观察大鼠状况、体征,末次给药后所有大鼠均用炭末灌胃法测定胃内残留率和小肠推进率,腹主动脉取血后用放免法测定血浆胃动素(motilin,MTL)、P物质(Serum P,SP)、生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)、胃泌素(Gastric gastrin,GAS)、胆囊收缩素(cholecystokinin,CCK)和胰多肽(panoreatio polypeptide,PP)的含量。结果:与模型组比较,多潘立酮组和薏苡仁水煎液高、低剂量组的胃内残留率明显下降、小肠推进率明显升高,而大鼠血浆MTL、SP、SS含量不同程度升高,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:薏苡仁水煎液可能通过升高血清SP、MTL、GAS、CCK、SS水平,降低血清PP含量进而调节胃肠道运动,表明其对因脾虚导致的胃肠道功能紊乱有较好的调节和治疗作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.