纳米晶ZnO:Dy3+粉体的制备和发光性质

通过固相反应法制备了ZnO:Dy3 纳米粉末,样品的X射线衍射、透射电镜和选区电子衍射证实了ZnO:Dy3 纳米粉末属于六方纤锌矿多晶结构.研究了光致发光谱与激发波长和掺杂离子浓度的依赖关系.结果表明,从ZnO:Dy3 纳米粉末的光致发光光谱中首次发现除了Dy3 的4f→4f跃迁外,出现了Dy掺入ZnO后产生的两个缺陷A和B的宽谱带发射峰,峰值分别在600和760nm,半高宽分别约为200和100nm.在ZnO的激子激发下(385nm),峰值760nm的发光强度远远大于峰值在600nm的发光强度.样品的发射光谱中峰值的相对强度变化依赖于激发波长和Dy3 的掺杂浓度.当在Dy3 4f→4f激发下(454nm),光谱中只有Dy3 的4f态间的特征发射,而缺陷A,B不发光.     

纳米晶ZnO:Dy3+粉体的制备和发光性质

通过固相反应法制备了ZnO:Dy3+纳米粉末,样品的X射线衍射、透射电镜和选区电子衍射证实了ZnO:Dy3+纳米粉末属于六方纤锌矿多晶结构.研究了光致发光谱与激发波长和掺杂离子浓度的依赖关系.结果表明,从ZnO:Dy3+纳米粉末的光致发光光谱中首次发现除了Dy3+的4f→4f跃迁外,出现了Dy掺入ZnO后产生的两个缺陷A和B的宽谱带发射峰,峰值分别在600和760nm,半高宽分别约为200和100nm.在ZnO的激子激发下(385nm),峰值760nm的发光强度远远大于峰值在600nm的发光强度.样品的发射光谱中峰值的相对强度变化依赖于激发波长和Dy3+的掺杂浓度.当在Dy3+4f→4f激发下(454nm),光谱中只有Dy3+的4f态间的特征发射,而缺陷A,B不发光.     

Si衬底上MgxZn1-xO薄膜发光特性研究

采用射频磁控溅射（RFMS）法，在Si衬底上生长出具有（002）择优取向的MgxZn1-xO薄膜。透射光谱结果表明，与ZnO相比，MgxZn1-xO薄膜的吸收带边从378nm蓝移至308nm，这说明MgxZn1-xO薄膜的带隙随着Mg组分的增加而加宽。扫描电镜（SEM）能谱分析表明，薄膜中的Mg含量比靶源中的高。用不同波长的光激发得到的光致发光（PL）潜显示，在不同波长的光激励下，只出现单色蓝或绿发光峰，其它的发光峰消失，而且随着激发光波长从260nm、280nm到300nm的增加，发光峰位置分别从431nm、459nm红移至489nm，发光强度也显著增强。分析表明，这些发光峰与O空位有关。     

溅射和激光淀积的ZnO多晶薄膜的结构和发光性质

我们分别通过直流反应溅射及脉冲激光淀积法制备了ZnO多晶薄膜。X射线衍射结果显示出薄膜的c轴取向。原子力显微镜证实薄膜的多晶结构。两种方法制备的ZnO在光子激发下都发射较强的带边荧光。绿色荧光未被观察到。激光淀积在(001)硅表面的ZnO的发光源自“自由激子”辐射。激光淀积在(0001)氧化铝晶体表面的ZnO的发光机制则在相当宽的激发强度范围内都呈现出电子．空穴等离子体(electron-hole plasma)的复合特性。     

纳米晶ZnO:Er3+的光致发光特性

为了探讨稀土Er^3＋与纳米ZnO基质之间的能量传递，利用化学沉淀法制备了纳米ZnO：Er^3＋粉体材料，测量了样品的X射线衍射谱（XRD）、光致发光谱（PL）和激发谱（PLE）。X射线衍射结果表明；ZnO：Er^3＋具有六角纤锌矿晶体结构。室温下，在365nm激发下，在纳米ZnO宽的可见发射背景上，观测到了Er^3＋的激发态^4S3／2（549nm）、^2H11／2（522nm）和^4F5／2（456nm）的特征发射，ZnO：Er^3＋的紫外近带边发射与未掺杂的纳米晶ZnO的近带边发射比较，强度明显减弱，绿光深能级发射略有增强。分析丁稀土Er^3＋的^4S3／2、^2H11／2和^4F5／2激发态发射，证实了纳米ZnO基质与稀土Er^3＋离子之间存在能量传递。     

CdS单晶的激子发射与激光

本文报导材料中的杂质与缺陷对 CdS 单晶的光致发光(PL)中激子光谱的影响。发现自由激子 Ex 及其声子伴线Ex—LO,Ex—2LO 的发射强度随 CdS 的纯度提高而增加。在 N_2激光器337.1nm 线激发下 CdS 单晶的受激发射和激光起源于 P 带。用天然解理面作谐振腔制成激光器,在337.1nm 光的泵浦下可以获得波长为495.4nm 的激光输出,其半高宽(FWHM)1.3nm,阈值激发密度0.8MW/cm~2。     

紫外发光的半导体MgxZn1-xO薄膜制备与性质

利用ZnO微晶粉末以化学电泳法成功地在导电玻璃上制备了不同x值的紫外发光的宽禁带氧化物半导体三元化合物MgxZn1-xO薄膜.电子显微镜和X 射线衍射研究显示,薄膜由MgxZn1-xO微晶组成,薄膜中微晶大小的分散度比ZnO粉末有所减小,并更具择优取向的趋势.室温下光致发光测量给出,MgxZn 1-xO薄膜在小于380nm的紫外波段出现较强的半宽小于20nm的激子性发光峰,而且带边峰的半宽以及带边峰与杂质缺陷峰强度之比均较原始的ZnO粉末有明显改善,表明这种MgxZn1-xO薄膜具有优良的紫外发光特性.     

氧压与ZnO薄膜发光特性的关系研究

在不同的环境氧压下用脉冲激光沉积方法在Si(111)衬底上生长了ZnO薄膜,以325 nm He-Cd激光器为激发源获得了薄膜的荧光光谱以研究其发光特性,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌,结果表明氧压在20 Pa和50Pa之间制备的ZnO薄膜具有良好的紫外发光特性和较好的晶体质量.分析了ZnO薄膜的发光机理,认为薄膜紫外峰源自自由激子复合发光,绿光峰的发光机制与锌位氧OZn关系密切,氧空位是蓝光发射的重要原因.     

ZnO纳米多晶颗粒的受激发射及时间分辨特性

以尿素为沉淀剂,采用均匀沉积法与硝酸锌反应获得了ZnO的纳米多晶颗粒.在飞秒脉冲激光激发下,观察到了ZnO纳米多晶颗粒的受激辐射现象,并从频域和时域两方面研究了ZnO纳米多晶的室温激射特性.氧化锌多晶颗粒中出现激子-激子散射导致的激射阈值为7.2 GW.cm-2,激射模式类似于F-P谐振腔模式,时域谱表现为寿命曲线中出现快速衰减成分.P带时间衰减具有对称结构,高斯拟合结果只有几个皮秒.     

Al掺杂ZnO薄膜的表面形貌和光学性质

用原子力显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪观察采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的Al掺杂ZnO薄膜的表面形貌、透射光谱和光致发光谱.结果表明,Al掺杂量为0.5at 9/6的ZnO薄膜经550℃退火处理后,粗糙度为1.817,Al掺杂量为1.0at%的ZnO薄膜经600℃退火处理后,粗糙度增大到4.625.样品在可见光范围内的平均透过率均大于80%.当激发波长为325 nm时,在397 nm(3.13 eV)附近出现紫外发光峰;当激发波长为360 nm时,在443 nm(2.80 eV)附近出现蓝色发光峰.探讨了样品的蓝光发光机制.     

ZnO近紫外波长纳米激光器的研究

随着纳米科技的兴起,纳米激光的研究成为了又一个新的重要课题.ZnO纳米微晶有两种结构可以产生随机激光,一是六角柱形蜂窝状微晶结构,二是颗粒粉末状结构,产生的近紫外激光波长是387.5 nm,光泵浦阈值是50 kW/cm2.采用气相输运的催化外延晶体生长过程来制备ZnO纳米线阵列构成的光致纳米激光器,激光波长383 nm,线宽仅为0.3 nm,光泵浦阈值是40 kW/cm2.     

Investigation of luminescence properties of ZnO nanowires at room temperature

The controllable growth processes of ZnO nanowires by evaporation of metal zinc with high purity and its luminescence properties have been investigated in detail. Firstly, the power of ZnO nanowires with high yield and homogeneous dimension was synthesized using the special quartz boat at 600 °C. Then, the oriented ZnO nanowires with about 20 nm diameter were synthesized by using a 90 nm-thick layer of ZnO nanocrystals on the Si substrate as the seed layer. Both fabrication processes are repeatable and no catalysts are necessary. Finally, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy for ZnO nanowires using an He-Cd laser line of 325 nm as the excitation source were measured at room temperature and both samples showed a sharp strong ultraviolet (UV) near-band edge emission. However, different UV peak positions (385 nm for ZnO nanowire powder, 377 nm for ZnO nanowire array) can be observed. The size confinement effect for excitons and carriers is proposed to explain the blue shift of the near-band edge emission with decreasing size and the native defects are responsible for the green emission.     

Well‐Aligned ZnO Nanowire Arrays Fabricated on Silicon Substrates

Arrays of well‐aligned single‐crystal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires of uniform diameter and length have been synthesized on a (100) silicon substrate via a simple horizontal double‐tube system using chemical vapor transport and condensation method. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations showed that the as‐grown nanowires had the single‐crystal hexagonal wurtzite structure with detectable defects and a <0002> growth direction. Raman spectra revealed phonon confinement effect when compared with those of ZnO bulk powder, nanoribbons, and nanoparticles. Photoluminescence exhibited strong ultraviolet emission at 3.29 eV under 355 nm excitation and green emission at 2.21 eV under 514.5 nm excitation. No catalyst particles were found at the tip of the nanowires, suggesting that the growth mechanism followed a self‐catalyzed and saturated vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) model. Self‐alignment of nanowires was attributed to the local balance and steady state of vapor flow at the substrate. The growth technique would be of particular interest for direct integration in the current silicon‐technology‐based optoelectronic devices.     

四脚针状ZnO纳米结构的制备及表征

采用以Zn粉、C粉为原料,采用热蒸发法,在没有任何载气和700℃下制备了四脚针状ZnO纳米结构。C粉起到了催化剂的作用但产物却不存在催化剂去除的问题,同时C粉氧化生成的CO/CO2还起到了载气的作用。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,四脚针状ZnO具有很细的尖端,直径为50 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)、微区拉曼图谱的特征峰表明,四脚针状ZnO是高纯的六角纤锌矿结构。光致发光(PL)谱在403 nm附近有微弱的紫光发射峰,而在510 nm附近出现了很强的绿光发射峰。     

ZnO基荧光粉的制备及荧光光谱分析

采用高温固相合成法制备了ZnO基荧光粉,并利用XRD、SEM等方法分析表征样品。实验结果表明,以氯化铵为助剂,在900℃煅烧2h制得了晶粒较小晶形完整分散性较好的ZnO：Zn荧光粉,用387nm的紫外光激发,获得了较宽的绿光发射;掺入Eu离子,在800℃煅烧合成了ZnO：Eu荧光粉,说明Eu离子掺杂有降低烧结温度的作用,另外用465nm光激发ZnO：Eu荧光粉获得了700nm的红光发射。     

热氧化磁控溅射金属锌膜制备ZnO纳米棒

利用射频磁控溅射技术在Si(111)衬底上制备金属锌膜 ,在空气中退火热氧化合成了一维ZnO纳米棒。用X射线衍射 (XRD) ,扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) ,透射电子显微镜 (TEM)和光致发光谱 (PL)对样品进行了结构、形貌及光学特性分析。结果表明 :ZnO纳米棒为六方纤锌矿结构单晶相 ,直径在 30～ 6 0nm左右 ,其长度可达5～ 8μm左右。在 2 80nm波长光激发下 ,有很强的 372nm带边紫外光发射和较微弱的 5 16nm深能级绿光发射 ,说明合成的单晶ZnO纳米棒的质量较高     

Optical studies of nano-structured La-doped ZnO prepared by combustion method

Coral-shaped nano-structured zinc oxide (ZnO) was successfully synthesized and La-doped via a facile combustion process using glycine as a fuel. The auto-ignition (at ∼185 °C) of viscous reactants zinc nitrate and glycine resulted in ZnO powders. Hexagonal wurtzite structure of pure and doped ZnO powder was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The transmission electron micrograph shows that the nano-structured ZnO is coral-shaped and possess maximal pore (∼10–50 nm pore size) density in it and the grain size is approximately about 15 nm. Addition of dopants subsequently alters the structural and optical properties which were confirmed by UV–VIS studies.     

Formation conditions of random laser cavities in annealed ZnO epilayers

The possibilities to realize room-temperature random laser action in ZnO epilayers with MgO as the buffer layer are studied. It is found that the formation of random laser cavities inside the ZnO epilayers can be achieved by post-growth annealing. Incoherent and coherent random lasing phenomena are observed from ZnO epilayers with (220)- and [200]-oriented MgO buffer layers, respectively. Lasing linewidth of the ZnO epilayers with incoherent and coherent feedback under 355-nm optical excitation is found to be /spl sim/4 and /spl sim/0.4 nm, respectively.     

Enhancement of nonlinear optical phenomena from crown-like nanostructure zinc oxide based on whispering gallery mode

Whispering gallery mode （WGM）-enhanced nonlinear optical phenomena from crown-like nanostructure zinc oxide （ZnO） samples are observed. The samples are synthesized by vapor-phase transport method. The morphology and crystal struc- ture are examined and characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）, and they are excited by femtosecond laser pulses with cen- tral wavelengths of 355 nm, 800 nm and 1150 nm, respectively. The typical stimulated emission presents a red shift com- pared with spontaneous emission, which is observed under the excitation of 355 nm with a relatively low threshold. The ultraviolet （UV） frequency up-conversion emission is obtained when the excitation pulse wavelengths are selected as 800 nm and 1150 nm, respectively. The peak position and the relationship between the emission intensity and excitation inten- sity demonstrate that the UV up-conversion photoluminescence （PL） is induced by two- and three-photon absorptions. The PL characteristics and their WGM-enhanced mechanism are investigated.