四脚针状ZnO纳米结构的制备及表征

采用以Zn粉、C粉为原料,采用热蒸发法,在没有任何载气和700℃下制备了四脚针状ZnO纳米结构。C粉起到了催化剂的作用但产物却不存在催化剂去除的问题,同时C粉氧化生成的CO/CO2还起到了载气的作用。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,四脚针状ZnO具有很细的尖端,直径为50 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)、微区拉曼图谱的特征峰表明,四脚针状ZnO是高纯的六角纤锌矿结构。光致发光(PL)谱在403 nm附近有微弱的紫光发射峰,而在510 nm附近出现了很强的绿光发射峰。     

Research on the preparation and growth mechanism of ZnO micro/nano nails

High quality zinc oxide (ZnO) micro/nano nails were prepared through thermal evaporation on the Si (100) substrate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image shows that the bottom of the nanometer nails present hexagonal structure. The tip diameter of the micro/nano nails is about 319.9 nm, and the length is over 20 μm. X-ray crystal diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the sample has a hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferred orientation in (002) direction obviously. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum shows a strong ultraviolet (UV) luminescence peak near the wavelength of 346 nm. Finally, the growth mechanism of the ZnO micro/nano nails is analyzed and studied.     

AAO模板浸渍法制备Au纳米线

用模板浸渍法成功地在多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板里制备了Au纳米线。在这种方法中,AAO模板的孔壁在HAuCl4里浸湿,取出后通过热处理形成Au纳米线。使用扫描电子显微镜和X射线对Au纳米线的微观形貌和结构进行了表征。扫描电镜图片表明在AAO孔中形成了直的并且表面粗糙的金纳米线,纳米线直径约50 nm。X射线衍射图表明,金纳米线具有面心立方(FCC)结构。最后,研究了Au纳米线的形成机理。     

ZnO纳米棒的低温制备及表征

以硝酸锌、氨水为原料,采用低温水浴法在不同的温度下大规模制备了团簇状ZnO纳米棒,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)、室温光致发光(PL)等手段对ZnO纳米棒进行了表征.SEM结果表明,环境温度对ZnO的形貌和性质有很大的影响,随着温度增加,ZnO长径比越来越大,当温度为90℃时ZnO的平均直径100 nm,长度约为5 μm;EDX和XRD图谱表明,ZnO纳米棒是高纯的六角纤锌矿结构;对90℃条件下制备的ZnO进行光致发光性能测试,观察到波长位于423 nm附近有较强的蓝光发射.     

Enhancement of the up-conversion luminescence of ZnO:Yb3+/Er3+ by photonic crystals

The opal photonic crystals (PCs) were assembled by vertical deposition of polystyrene microspheres (PS), in which Yb3+, Er3+ co-doped ZnO powders were deposited on the surface of PC films. The phase, structure and morphology of the obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The performance of up-conversion photoluminescence (UCPL) was investigated by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The up-conversion (UC) emission of ZnO:Yb3+/Er3+on the PC surface is notably enhanced when the UC emission wavelength is overlapped with the photonic bandgaps of opals, which is attributed to Bragg reflection of photonic bandgap. The results show that PCs may have potential applications in the enhancement of UCPL and optoelectronic devices.     

四脚针状ZnO纳米结构的制备及表征

采用以Zn粉、C粉为原料,采用热蒸发法,在没有任何载气和700℃下制备了四脚针状ZnO纳米结构。C粉起到了催化剂的作用但产物却不存在催化剂去除的问题,同时C粉氧化生成的CO/CO2还起到了载气的作用。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,四脚针状ZnO具有很细的尖端,直径为50 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)、微区拉曼图谱的特征峰表明,四脚针状ZnO是高纯的六角纤锌矿结构。光致发光(PL)谱在403 nm附近有微弱的紫光发射峰,而在510 nm附近出现了很强的绿光发射峰。     

TiO2/WO3纳米复合膜的制备及光催化性能研究

以有机染料亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物,在玻璃基底上采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO₂/WO₃纳米结构复合光催化膜,研究不同TiO₂和WO₃摩尔比对性能的影响。采用XRD、SEM、EDS、UV-vis、电化学阻抗测试、光催化测试等技术对样品的成分及性能进行表征。结果表明,当TiO₂和WO₃摩尔比为3:1时,TiO₂/WO₃纳米复合膜对MB的光催化降解活性最高,20min降解率达84.2%,60min光催化后,MB降解率接近98%,其催化活性约为纯TiO₂的4倍。该结构稳定性强,经过五次循环降解试验,TiO₂/WO₃对MB的降解率依然可达95%。     

Sol-Gel法制备ZnO纳米点阵结构

以Al2O3膜为模板,通过溶胶-凝胶浸渍法,经过干燥、高温加热制备了ZnO纳米点阵结构.SEM结果表明,AAO模板孔遭呈六角形排布,孔道垂直无交叉,孔径为50mm左右,在AAO模板内装入的ZnO为纳米颗粒.XRD结果表明,AAO模板为非晶结构,孔内ZnO具有多晶纤锌矿结构.PL谱结果表明,ZnO/AAO组装体系表现出了很强的紫外发射.     

Mg掺杂对ZnO纳米纤维发光性能的影响

采用静电纺丝法在Si基底上制备了不同Mg掺杂浓度的ZnO纳米纤维膜,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、光致发光(PL)等手段对不同Mg掺杂浓度ZnO纳米纤维膜的表面形貌、晶体结构、化学成分、发光性能进行研究。SEM结果表明MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维的直径在50~300nm。XRD结果表明在Mg掺杂浓度低于15%(x=0.15)时,晶体呈现ZnO六角纤锌矿结构,当掺杂浓度达到20%(x=0.2)时,晶体出现MgO的分相。XPS结果表明Mg已成功掺入到ZnO纳米纤维中。PL谱表明MgxZn1-xO纤维膜具有较强的紫外发射,而可见发射几乎观察不到,随着Mg掺杂浓度的增加,紫外发光峰明显蓝移且发光强度增加。