WGL-A脱氯剂在福炼重整装置中的应用

通过对WGL -A高温脱氯剂在福炼重整装置使用情况的介绍 ,说明该脱氯剂具有氯容大、强度高、耐高温、脱氯效果好等特点 ,能有效脱除预加氢反应产物中的氯化氢 ,减少设备腐蚀 ,确保装置长周期运转     

NC-H型高温脱氯剂在重整装置上的应用性能研究

对NC—H型高温脱氯剂在天津石化公司化工厂大芳烃车间80万t/a连续重整装置预加氢单元的工业应用情况进行了研究,研究结果表明脱氯剂能有效脱除石脑油加氢反应后生成的氯离子,保证了生产的安全长周期进行。     

ET系列脱氯剂在连续重整装置中的应用

根据连续重整装置不同部位的工艺特点,探讨了ET系列脱氯剂在连续重整装置的预加氢高温脱氯、重整产氢低温脱氯及连续重整再生循环气高温脱氯中的应用。结果表明:ET系列脱氯剂能较好地脱除重整进料、重整产氢和再生循环气中的氯化氢,较好地消除了氯化氢对装置的腐蚀隐患。     

连续重整装置脱氯工艺技术

分析了连续重整装置预加氢、重整及再接触和催化剂再生部分氯元素来源及危害,介绍了石脑油油气脱氯工艺,重整生成油(包括液化石油气)和重整氢脱氯工艺,以及再生循环气和放空气脱氯工艺流程及工业应用情况,并讨论了碱洗、Chlorsorb氯吸附和固体脱氯剂脱氯技术在再生循环气和放空气脱氯中的优缺点。总结比较了国内不同型号的脱氯剂的工艺技术指标及脱氯效果,并简要介绍了连续重整装置中与脱氯工艺同时使用的控制装置腐蚀的其它方法。     

新型脱氯剂在半再生重整装置上的工业应用

本文介绍了半再生重整装置氯的来源、危害及新型WGL-A高温脱氯剂的工业应用情况。结果表明:在预加氢反应条件下,新型WGL-A脱氯剂具有脱氯效果好、氯容量高、对重整催化剂无危害等优点,可以推广应用。     

催化重整装置预加氢系统的氯腐蚀及对策

介绍石化系统重整装置原料预加氢系统的氯腐蚀情况及其技改措施,并结合洛阳分公司炼油厂重整装置的实际,提出增上高温脱氯设施,消除氯腐蚀,保证装置的安稳运行。     

石脑油脱氯过程的研究与应用

研究了ＮＣ型脱氯剂脱除石脑油中微量氯化物的特性，测定了各种因素对氯容量的影响。由年处理５５万ｔ石脑油预加氢生产装置的应用表明，采用ＮＣ型脱氯剂脱氯，明显优于其它方法。     

KT405高氯容脱氯剂在重整装置上成功应用

ＫＴ４０５高氯容脱氯剂在重整装置上成功应用胜利炼油厂重整装置１９９２年１０月进行局部技术改造，在预加氢反应器之后加一脱氯床，装人由化工部西北化工研究院昆山联营厂研制和生产的ＫＴ４０５脱氯剂进行脱氯．工艺参数为：压力１．７ＭＰａ，温度３００℃，空速１．...     

催化重整装置氯的腐蚀及脱氯剂CT-72的工业应用

介绍了中石化济南分公司催化重整装置曾出现的腐蚀问题和铵盐结晶情况及采取的措施,认为造成腐蚀的主要原因是重整原料中氯的存在,对氯的来源及腐蚀机理进行了分析,对装置试用脱氯剂CT 72的情况进行了总结,并对几种脱氯剂的使用情况和结果进行了对比。     

重整预加氢脱氯技术通过鉴定

重整预加氢脱氯技术通过鉴定扬子石化公司年产５５万吨重整预加氢装置于１９９０年２月ＺＩ日建成投产至同年５月底，仅三个月因腐蚀（主要是氯腐蚀）导致４次停车，后采用多种办法，使腐蚀得到一定程度控制，但问题仍很严重，１９９１年全年装置开工率仅为７２％，１９９...     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

基于ATRP法制备的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂的吸硼性能的研究

以大分子引发剂氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯微球(PS-acyl-Cl)经原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法引发丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)单体的共聚接枝,制得一种触角状亲水性环氧载体(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)),再经二乙醇胺(DEA)的环氧基开环胺化反应,得到一种含多个-NCH2CH2OH螯合配基的多齿-五元螯合环的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA)。将此树脂用于硼吸附研究,结果表明,PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA树脂对硼的吸附满足Langmuir方程,为单分子层吸附;饱和吸附量约为37.7 mg·g-1,且树脂5 min即可达到吸附平衡,与其它已报道的吸硼树脂相比,该树脂具有更高的吸附量和吸硼速率。吸附动力学研究表明,树脂吸附硼的过程主要由颗粒扩散过程控制。重复使用5次后该树脂的吸附量基本不变,解吸率均在90%以上,重复使用性能良好。