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本文研究了空间翻滚目标捕获任务中的相对姿轨耦合控制问题.为了提高系统在有界干扰、测量误差、控制受限、参数不确定等因素影响下的控制性能,设计了双滑模面姿轨耦合控制律,并证明了该控制律作用下闭环系统的稳定性.通过数学仿真与传统单滑模面控制律进行了对比分析,结果表明双滑模面控制律的能够显著减小稳态偏差和噪声.进一步,构建了地面微重力半物理试验系统,设计了轨道面内对翻滚目标逼近与跟踪的任务场景,通过半物理试验结果验证了双滑模面控制律在姿轨控全系统实时闭环、微重力动力学条件下的有效性. 相似文献
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基于位置的机械臂视觉伺服控制需要解决位姿估计和目标跟踪控制问题.为了克服机械臂运动过程中的运动空间约束,提出了基于滚动时域估计(MHE)的机械臂位姿估计方法.在位姿估计的基础上,利用对偶梯度上升方法以及拉格朗日乘子处理具有控制输入约束的优化问题,并给出了基于迭代线性二次调节(iLQR)的视觉伺服预测控制器设计方法.进一步,采用极点配置方法设计了扩张状态观测器(ESO)用于解决估计误差和线性化误差引起的扰动问题.进而,给出了保证闭环系统稳定的充分条件.最后,通过仿真对比验证了本文所提算法的有效性和优越性. 相似文献
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在固定相机的监视下,随机位姿的目标物体在双臂系统的控制下执行轨迹跟踪控制任务时,既要考虑目标随机位姿引起的运动学和动力学不确定性问题,还要考虑运动学和动力学的协同问题.针对上述问题,分别采用自适应方法估计目标质心和特征点的位置信息,利用模糊逻辑系统逼近系统的动力学模型,使用分散控制策略处理双臂的协同问题,最后基于位置/力混合控制方法设计基于图像的双臂模糊自适应轨迹跟踪控制器,并采用李亚普诺夫方法证明系统的稳定性.仿真实验验证了所设计控制器的有效性. 相似文献
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针对移动机器人视觉伺服跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于自适应动态规划(Adaptive dynamic programming,ADP)的控制方法.通过移动机器人上的相机拍摄共面特征点的当前图像、期望图像以及参考图像,利用单应性技术得到移动机器人当前的位姿信息与期望的位姿信息(即平移量与旋转角度),从而通过当前与期望的平移旋转之间差值得到系统的开环误差模型.进而,针对此系统设计最优控制器,同时做合适的控制输入变换.在此基础上设计一个基于ADP的视觉伺服控制方法以保证移动机器人完成轨迹跟踪任务.为求出最优控制输入,采用一个评价神经网络近似值函数,通过不断学习逼近哈密顿-雅可比-贝尔曼(Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman, HJB)方程的解.与以往不同的是,由于系统存在时变项,导致HJB方程也含有时变项,因此需要设计具有时变权值结构的神经网络近似值函数.最终证明在所设计的控制方法作用下,闭环系统是一致最终有界的. 相似文献
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航天活动中的许多任务如对目标的绕飞观测和逼近停靠等测控任务,其中的关键技术之一是相对位姿估计,而对非合作目标的相对位姿估计更是其中的重点与难点。针对该难点,提出了一种融合单目相机和激光测距仪的空间非合作目标相对位姿紧耦合估计方法。采用单目相机获取目标序列图像,在初始化时利用激光测距仪解决单目相机尺度模糊性问题,构建真实尺度下的世界坐标系,在后续对非合作目标进行连续位姿估计时,使用紧耦合的形式融合相机与激光测距仪数据来优化估计位姿,并且解决估计漂移问题。最后使用Blender软件生成空间非合作目标序列图像,仿真验证了本文算法能稳健地得到较高精度的空间非合作目标的相对位姿,且拥有较好的实时性。 相似文献
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基于神经网络的机器人视觉伺服控制 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
视觉伺服可以应用于机器人初始定位自动导引、自动避障、轨线跟踪和运动目标跟踪等控制系统中。传统的视觉伺服系统在运行时包括工作空间定位和动力学逆运算两个过程,需要实时计算视觉雅可比矩阵和机器人逆雅可比矩阵,计算量大,系统结构复杂。本文分析了基于图像的机器人视觉伺服的基本原理,使用BP神经网络来确定达到指定位姿所需要的关节角度,将视觉信息直接融入伺服过程,在保证伺服精度的情况下大大简化了控制算法。文中针对Puma560工业机器人的模型进行了仿真实验,结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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S. Shaw 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》1993,9(2):93-99
Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained. 相似文献
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European Community policy and the market 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. Lloyd 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》1993,9(2):86-91
Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven. 相似文献
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融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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Wayne O’Brien Author Vitae 《Journal of Systems and Software》2008,81(11):1997-2013
Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them. 相似文献
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This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives. 相似文献
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潘丽 《自动化与仪器仪表》2014,(7):80-82
自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。 相似文献
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Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what
is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic
sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and
its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of
an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify
robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can
or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
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张涛 《计算机测量与控制》2015,23(1):86-89
为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值. 相似文献
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Jacob Palme 《Software》1979,9(9):741-747
The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users. 相似文献