奥氏体变形对一种Cr-Mo双相钢连续冷却相变的影响

利用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机对一种Cr-Mo双相钢进行了奥氏体未变形和变形两种条件下的连续冷却相变测定试验,获得了两种试验条件下的连续冷却相变CCT曲线。对比分析了两种试验条件下获得的组织和连续冷却相变曲线,探讨了奥氏体变形对Cr-Mo双相钢连续冷却相变的影响。结果显示,奥氏体区变形明显提升了铁素体相变开始温度和珠光体相变临界冷却速度,使CCT曲线向左上方移动,同时,奥氏体区变形促进了贝氏体及马氏体的形成。     

冷却工艺对热轧铁素体贝氏体双相钢组织与性能的影响

设计了一种低碳铁素体贝氏体双相钢,用Gleeble-3500热模拟机测定了该试验钢变形后的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线,并对试验钢进行了控轧控冷试验,研究不同冷却工艺对试验钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,变形后的CCT曲线分为铁素体转变区和贝氏体转变区。试验钢热轧后经不同冷却方式都能获得铁素体贝氏体双相组织。三段式冷却方式比两段式冷却得到的铁素体体积分数减少,晶粒尺寸更小。840 ℃终轧后水冷到690 ℃,空冷8 s左右,试验钢抗拉强度达到765 MPa,伸长率为20%,综合性能良好。     

卷取温度对700 MPa热轧双相钢组织和性能的影响

采用Gleeble-2000热模拟试验机研究了热轧双相钢在连续冷却过程中的相变行为和组织演变规律,并绘制了试验钢的动态连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线。根据动态CCT曲线,在实验室采用控轧控冷工艺制备了在4种不同温度卷取的700 MPa级热轧双相钢,通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射和拉伸试验对试验钢的组织和力学性能进行了观察和测试。结果表明:在300℃卷取的试验钢的力学性能最优,屈服强度为365 MPa,抗拉强度为696 MPa,断后伸长率为22. 5%,组织组成为典型的铁素体加马氏体双相组织,并含有3. 5%(体积分数)的残留奥氏体。     

含Nb微合金低碳钢奥氏体连续冷却转变行为

用MMS-300型热力模拟试验机研究了含铌微合金低碳钢奥氏体连续冷却过程的相变规律,用热膨胀法结合金相法建立了实验钢变形和未变形奥氏体的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT),研究了加速冷却和热变形对组织转变的影响。结果表明:同静态CCT曲线相比,实验钢的动态CCT曲线整体向左上方移动,随冷却速度的增大,γ→α相变开始温度逐渐降低;高温变形促进铁素体和珠光体相变,同时抑制了贝氏体相变,扩大了铁素体转变区;奥氏体变形对贝氏体转变有双重作用:当冷速较低时,变形抑制贝氏体相变;冷速较高时变形促进贝氏体相变。     

Q420qE钢形变奥氏体连续冷却转变研究

采用膨胀法在Gleeble-3500型热模拟试验机上测定了Q420qE桥梁钢以不同冷速连续冷却时的膨胀曲线,并结合显微组织观察和维氏硬度测量,绘制出了试验钢的形变奥氏体连续冷却转变曲线(CCT曲线)。研究表明,随着冷速的增加,试验钢的显微组织由铁素体+珠光体逐步转变为针状铁素体+粒状贝氏体;并初步确定试验钢两阶段变形后的控冷工艺窗口为5~10℃/s。在该冷速范围内,试验钢组织为由针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体和M-A岛构成的多相组织。     

钛微合金化高强钢的连续冷却相变规律

为了研究钛微合金化高强钢在连续冷却条件下的相变规律,通过热膨胀法及金相分析研究了低碳钢(C-Mn钢)和钛微合金钢(Ti钢)在连续冷却过程中的组织变化及过冷奥氏体的相变规律,分析了钛元素和变形对试验钢相变规律的影响,并讨论了连续冷却转变(CCT)与等温转变(TTT)曲线的关系。结果表明：随着冷速的增加,试验钢的主要相变组织由铁素体向贝氏体转变。在C-Mn钢中加入钛元素提高了过冷奥氏体的稳定性,抑制了铁素体和珠光体转变,促进了贝氏体转变;在奥氏体未再结晶区进行变形使试验钢的CCT曲线整体向左上方移动,提高了相变开始温度;变形提高了铁素体的形核率,促进了铁素体相变,铁素体组织得到细化;变形促进了贝氏体相变,使板条贝氏体变短,细化贝氏体组织。     

Mo元素对热轧双相钢DP600相变规律影响

采用热膨胀法结合金相法建立了两种主要成分为C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo和C-Si-Mn-Cr双相钢的静态CCT曲线,分析了不同冷却速度对实验钢相变规律和组织变化规律的影响及微合金元素Mo对高强度热轧双相钢相变规律、组织和性能的影响。结果表明:合金元素Mo强烈阻碍先共析铁素体的析出,并且可以减小铁素体晶粒大小;Mo元素促使铁素体和贝氏体区分离,形成奥氏体亚稳区;Mo元素的加入提高了亚稳奥氏体的淬透性,有利于得到马氏体组织。经Mo微合金化后,实验钢的显微硬度增加100 MPa以上,Mo元素的细晶强化作用对提高热轧双相钢强度的效果明显。     

Q460C钢连续冷却转变规律研究

利用热膨胀法并结合金相-硬度法在热膨胀仪和Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上测定了Q460C钢的未变形和变形条件下的连续冷却转变曲线.测定了转变后组织的维氏硬度,随冷速的提高,组织硬度增大.两种CCT曲线上均有铁素体区(F)、珠光体区(P)、贝氏体区(B)和马氏体区(M).变形使CCT曲线向左上方移动,提高了奥氏体冷却转变开始温度,随冷速加大提高得越多.变形扩大了F和P区,缩小了B和M区.与不含铌的16Mn钢的CCT曲线对比,分析了铌对连续冷却转变规律的影响.     

钼对热轧双相钢相变规律和生产工艺的影响

通过比较C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo和C-Si-Mn-Cr两种实验钢的连续冷却转变曲线,分析了合金元素Mo对热轧双相钢连续冷却过程相变规律和组织演变的影响,探讨了Mo对热轧双相钢生产工艺的影响.结果表明,Mo元素降低贝氏体开始转变温度,促使奥氏体亚稳区的形成,还可以强烈阻碍铁素体的转变过程,略微减小铁素体晶粒尺寸,并且提高实验钢的显微硬度.这两种实验钢通过合适的生产工艺均可以用来生产热轧双相钢.     

Nb、V、N微合金化热轧TRIP钢的动态连续冷却相变

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟机测定了C-Si-Mn-Nb、C-Si-Mn-Nb-V、C-Si-Mn-Nb-V-N这3种成分热轧TRIP钢在变形后以不同速率冷却时的热膨胀数据,结合不同冷速下的显微组织,绘制3种成分热轧TRIP钢动态CCT曲线。结果表明:C-Si-Mn-Nb与C-Si-MnNb-V试验钢在冷速大于30℃/s后,几乎没有铁素体生成,基体组织主要是贝氏体和马氏体;而C-Si-Mn-Nb-V-N试验钢当冷速达到60℃/s仍然可见细小的铁素体,并且多分布在奥氏体的三叉界和晶界处。与C-Si-Mn-Nb和C-Si-Mn-Nb-V试验钢的动态CCT曲线相比,随着冷速的增大,C-Si-Mn-Nb-V-N试验钢铁素体相区左移,贝氏体相区变小。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.