基于融合特征与支持向量机的控制图模式识别

为了提高控制图模式识别的精度, 将控制图模式的原始特征与形状特征相融合得到分类特征, 并采用支持向量机进行模式分类的控制图模式识别。融合所得特征既保持了控制图模式的原始特征所蕴涵的模式全局特性信息, 又通过引入形状特征对部分易混淆模式的局部几何特性进行强化, 使不同模式间的区分度得到有效提高; 而以支持向量机作为模式分类器保证方法在高维度特征和小样本条件下也能获得较好的识别性能。仿真实验结果表明所提方法的识别精度相比其他几种基于形状特征的控制图模式识别方法有明显提高。     

基于核偏最小二乘的锌层重量预测模型

为了给带钢热镀锌生产的质量控制提供必要的决策支持和分析手段,针对气刀对锌层重量的控制工艺,提出了基于核偏最小二乘回归的锌层重量预测模型。利用核函数将低维空间的非线性回归转化为高维空间的线性回归,克服了实际生产工艺中非线性因素对预测模型的不利影响。应用鞍山钢铁集团公司带钢热镀锌的生产实际数据进行验证,结果表明,基于核偏最小二乘的锌层重量预测方法与线性偏最小二乘、BP神经网络等方法相比,具有更好的预测精度。     

基于遗传优化的PCA-SVM控制图模式识别

针对SVM和PCA-SVM进行质量控制图模式识别时泛化能力不足和识别精度不高的问题,提出一种基于遗传优化的PCA-SVM控制图模式识别方法。该方法的基本思想是首先基于特征子空间降维方法,运用PCA算法对原始特征样本进行主元分析,有效降低原始特征样本维数并突出聚类,提取各模式之间的主元特征;然后把此特征看成遗传算法中一组染色体,对支持向量机分类器核参数和惩罚因子进行二进制编码,通过对随机产生的一组染色体进行模式识别,并将此识别率作为遗传算法的适应度函数,通过选择、交叉和变异操作,对其参数进行自适应寻优;最后用优化的支持向量机分类器进行控制图模式识别。通过仿真进行验证,结果显示基于遗传优化的PCA-SVM分类器模型的控制图模式泛化能力强、识别精度高,可适用于生产现场质量控制。     

基于核函数非线性变换的无线光通信网络数据安全存储方法

为控制数据安全存储时间,开展基于核函数非线性变换的无线光通信网络数据存储方法的设计研究。数据发射端通过发送数据检测序列,在通信链路中动态检测数据的完整性,并在保证数据完整性和安全性的前提下进行数据存储。为处理低维无线光通信网络数据,采用核函数进行非线性变换,将数据映射到高维空间,并使用主成分分析法对高维空间中的核矩阵进行降维,以提取数据属性特征。为实现安全存储,使用云存储环境将数据包拆分成多个片段,并进行分布式加密安全存储。实验结果表明,利用设计方法能够有效缩短存储时间。     

基于局部特征与核低秩表示的人脸识别算法

针对人脸识别中的遮挡、伪装、光照及表情变化等问题,提出一种基于局部特征与核低秩表示的人脸识别算法。首先,对训练和测试的样本图片进行LBP特征的提取;然后将其通过映射函数投影到高维特征空间中进行后续操作,投影到高维空间中的特征矩阵通过降维处理后采用低秩表示的方法来提取样本之间的共同特征;最后根据低秩表示的结果进行分类识别。实验证明算法在对遮挡、伪装以及光照变化等噪声的影响鲁棒性更强,同时较当前的一些人脸识别算法的识别率也有了显著的提高。     

基于DCT与LDA的仿生人脸识别研究

针对基于DCT变换与LDA的人脸识别方法识别率低和特征提取过程中维数也低,以及基于K-L变换的仿生人脸识别方法识别率高和特征提取过程中维数也过高的问题,结合两者的优点,提出了一种基于DCT与LDA变换的仿生人脸识别的方法。通过DCT变换与LDA对训练人脸样本进行特征提取,通过核函数将提取的特征映射到高维空间,构建各类样本的覆盖区域,再通过判断待识别人脸特征在各覆盖区域的归属情况来识别人脸。在Yale和ORL人脸库上的实验证明提出的方法取得了较好的识别效果。     

基于核线性分类分析的三维模型检索算法

为提高检索精确度,提出了一种利用核线性分类分析来对模型特征进行优化的新方法。其主要思想是通过满足Mercer条件的非线性映射将低维空间下线性不可分的样本映射到高维空间,在高维空间中利用线性分类分析将原有的三维模型特征投影到特定的子空间。该方法能够在保持类间距离基础上得到具有鉴别信息的低维特征用于三维模型检索。实验结果表明,核线性分类分析方法速度较快,可在秒级完成三维特征优化,同时优化特征在本文测试数据集上可平均提高搜索准确度15%。     

核多元基因选择和极限学习机在微阵列分析中的应用

针对微阵列数据样本量少、维度高的特点,结合当前数据降维方法中没有考虑特征与特征之间相关性的缺点,提出一种核最小二乘的特征基因选择方法.将解释变量空间通过非线性映射转换到高维空间上,再在高维空间上进行最小二乘回归,并采用极限学习机进行训练和预测.结果表明:对三种经典数据集的分类精度分别达到90.47％,88.89％,88.23％,高于传统的机器学习算法,充分表明本方法的优越性.     

降低参数规模的卷积神经网络模型压缩方法

针对卷积神经网络模型参数规模越来越大导致难以在计算与存储资源有限的嵌入式设备上大规模部署的问题,提出一种降低参数规模的卷积神经网络模型压缩方法。通过分析发现,卷积层参数量与输入输出特征图数量以及卷积核大小有关,而全连接层参数数量众多且难以大幅减少。通过分组卷积减少输入输出特征图数量,通过卷积拆分减小卷积核大小,同时采用全局平均池化层代替全连接层的方法来解决全连接层参数数量众多的问题。将上述方法应用于LeNet5和AlexNet进行实验,实验结果表明通过使用组合压缩方法对LeNet5模型进行最大压缩后,参数规模可减少97%,识别准确率降低了不到2个百分点,而压缩后的AlexNet模型参数规模可减少95%,识别准确率提高了6.72个百分点,在保证卷积神经网络精度的前提下,可大幅减少模型的参数量。     

基于MFA与kNNS算法的高光谱遥感影像分类

为了研究高光谱影像数据的维数约简和分类问题,提出了一种基于边际费希尔分析(MFA)和kNNS的高光谱遥感影像数据分类算法。该方法利用数据的类别信息,通过MFA将高光谱数据从高维观测空间投影到低维流形空间,然后利用邻域内多个近邻点的信息通过kNNS分类器对低维空间中的数据进行分类。在Urban、Washington和Indian Pine数据集上的分类识别实验表明,该方法能够较为有效地发现高维空间中数据的内蕴结构,在每类随机选取4,6,8个训练样本的情况下,该方法的总体分类精度能够比其他算法提高3.7%～8.5%,分类精度有了明显的提高。     

Application of integrated recurrent neural network with multivariate adaptive regression splines on SPC-EPC process

The integration of statistical process control and engineering process control has been reported as an effective way to monitor and control the autocorrelated process. However, because engineering process control compensates for the effects of underlying disturbances, the disturbance patterns become very hard to recognize, especially when various abnormal control chart patterns are mixed and co-existed in the engineering process. In this study, a new control chart pattern recognition model which integrates multivariate adaptive regression splines and recurrent neural network is proposed to not only address the problem of feature selection (i.e., lagged process measurements) but also improve the pattern recognition accuracy. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the recognition results of multivariate adaptive regression splines and recurrent neural network with the results of four competing approaches (multivariate adaptive regression splines-extreme learning machine, multivariate adaptive regression splines-random forest, single recurrent neural network, and single random forest) on the simulated individual process data. The experimental study shows that the proposed multivariate adaptive regression splines and recurrent neural network approach can not only solve the problem of variable selection but also outperform other competing models. Moreover, according to the lagged process measurements selected by the proposed approach, lagged observations that exerted significant impact on the construction of the control chart pattern recognition model can be identified successfully. This study has significant implications for research and practice in production management and provides a valuable reference for manufacturing process managers to better understand and develop strategies for control chart pattern recognition.     

基于仿生模式识别理论的高阶神经网络说话人识别方法

根据一种全新的仿生模式识别理论，提出了采用神经网络实现并完成说话人识别的新方法。该方法利用高阶神经网络形成的复杂包络在特征空间中构造不同说话人的覆盖区域达到识别目的。相关实验证明，这种新的说话人识别方法只要通过少量样本的训练即可达到比传统方法更高的识别率。     

Recognizing control chart patterns with neural network and numerical fitting

Control chart has been widely used to determine whether the state of machining process is stable or not, and pattern recognition technology is often used to automatically judge the changing modes of control chart. It is because that the abnormal patterns of a control chart can reveal the potential problem of machining quality. In order to improve the recognition rate and efficiency of control chart patterns, a neural network-numerical fitting (NN-NF) model is proposed to recognize different control chart patterns. A back propagation (BP) network is first used to recognize control chart patterns preliminarily. And then, numerical fitting method is adopted to estimate the parameters and specific types of the patterns, which is different from the traditional neural network-based control chart pattern recognition methods. Based on this, Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate training and testing data samples. The results of simulated experiment show that training time of this NN-NF model can be reduced. At the same time, the recognition rate can also be improved. At last, a real example is also provided to illustrate the NN-NF model.     

类矩阵神经核特征融合的人脸识别方法

针对人脸识别过程中所提取特征向量的信息不完整性与整体图像信息数据量较大的问题,提出一种类矩阵神经核特征融合的人脸识别方法。该方法为深度神经网络的首层升维操作,首先将人脸数据作为特征向量的集合,利用随机矩阵列采样构成随机特征矩阵;其次设计深度神经核将随机特征矩阵映射为高维空间中的新特征向量;最后利用快速收缩算法求解匹配过程中的不定线性代数方程组,使收敛速度达到二阶收敛。该方法既克服了直接使用人脸图像数据空间复杂度较大的问题,又增加了特征的非线性结构,提高了特征向量的表达能力。实验结果表明,该方法识别率高、稳定性强、鲁棒性好,适合处理大型数据。     

基于SPC和神经网络的卷烟制丝生产质量监控方法研究

为解决卷烟制丝生产过程中现有SPC监控方法存在的问题,提出了基于SPC和BP神经网络的质量监控方法.首先在传统控制图的基础上,提出了适合在线监控的移动窗口式控制图,然后分别建立了用于控制图模式识别和质量缺陷原因诊断的两个神经网络模型,最后通过松散回潮工序中出口物料含水率的质量监控实例,证明了该质量监控方法的有效性.     

The application of DBF neural networks for object recognition

On the basis of DBF nets proposed by Wang Shoujue, the model and properties of DBF neural network were discussed in this paper. When applied in pattern recognition, the algorithm and implement on hardware were presented respectively. We did experiments on recognition of omnidirectionally oriented rigid objects on the same level, using direction basis function neural networks, which acts by the method of covering the high dimensional geometrical distribution of the sample set in the feature space. Many animal and vehicle models (even with rather similar shapes) were recognized omnidirectionally thousands of times. For total 8800 tests, the correct recognition rate is 98.75%, the error rate and the rejection rate are 0.5% and 1.25% respectively.     

Topology constraint free fuzzy gated neural networks for patternrecognition

A novel topology constraint free neural network architecture using a generalized fuzzy gated neuron model is presented for a pattern recognition task. The main feature is that the network does not require weight adaptation at its input and the weights are initialized directly from the training pattern set. The elimination of the need for iterative weight adaptation schemes facilitates quick network set up times which make the fuzzy gated neural networks very attractive. The performance of the proposed network is found to be functionally equivalent to spatio-temporal feature maps under a mild technical condition. The classification performance of the fuzzy gated neural network is demonstrated on a 12-class synthetic three dimensional (3-D) object data set, real-world eight-class texture data set, and real-world 12 class 3-D object data set. The performance results are compared with the classification accuracies obtained from a spatio-temporal feature map, an adaptive subspace self-organizing map, multilayer feedforward neural networks, radial basis function neural networks, and linear discriminant analysis. Despite the network's ability to accurately classify seen data and adequately generalize validation data, its performance is found to be sensitive to noise perturbations due to fine fragmentation of the feature space. This paper also provides partial solutions to the above robustness issue by proposing certain improvements to various modules of the proposed fuzzy gated neural network.     

基于局部线性嵌入算法的柴油机故障诊断研究

为提高柴油机故障诊断准确率和效率,提出了改进局部线性嵌入算法的柴油机诊断系统。应用小波包能量谱分析方法提取某柴油机振动信号的特征值,将提取的高维特征向量映射到低维空间上,能将高维特征向量进行优化,即特征值的二次提取。该改进算法可模糊化近邻点k的选择,从而提高计算的速度,并应用SOM-BP神经网络进行故障识别。实验表明,经过局部线性嵌入算法的特征值优化,能减少SOM-BP神经网络的输入节点,可在一定程度上提高故障识别的效率和准确率。     

On-line control chart pattern detection and discrimination—a neural network approach

Unnatural patterns in the control charts can be associated with a specific set of assignable causes for process variation. Hence pattern recognition is very useful in identifying process problem. A common difficulty in existing control chart pattern recognition approaches is that of discrimination between different types of patterns which share similar features. This paper proposes an artificial neural network based model, which employs a pattern discrimination algorithm to recognise unnatural control chart patterns. The pattern discrimination algorithm is based on several special-purpose networks trained for specific recognition tasks. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated by simulation using two criteria: the percentage of correctly recognised patterns and the average run length (ARL). Numerical results show that the false recognition problem has been effectively addressed. In comparison with previous control chart approaches, the proposed model is capable of superior ARL performance while the type of the unnatural pattern can also be accurately identified.