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未知自由曲面数字化自适应采样方法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为实现逆向工程中未知自由曲面高效、高精度的数字化测量,提出一种基于探路法的自适应采样方法。在接触式测头(Touch probe,TP)的两侧各安装一个点激光测头(Point laser probe,PLP),建立坐标转换模型将各个测头的测量值统一到基准坐标系下。逐行采样过程中,在测量方向上,PLP用于探路测量,系统实时地对探路测量数据进行处理并拟合成B样条曲线,根据拟合曲线的曲率特征为TP测量规划合理的测量路径,TP以探路结果为指导完成自适应采样。在测量截面进给方向上,通过截面间夹角分析,自适应地细分测量截面。仿真和试验结果表明,该方法能根据曲面特征合理地布置采样点,有效地提高未知自由曲面数字化采样的效率和精度,为逆向工程提供良好的采样数据。 相似文献
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The key issues such as vision sensor, sampling planning are studied for reverse engineering. For the developed sensor, the low sensitivity to the incident angle and the high linearity between the output and the input are carried out. During digitizing, the adaptive sampling planning method based on the curvature of surface and the slope of tangent line of measured point is proposed. After integrating the vision sensor, CNC milling and relevant software, the reverse engineering system based on computer vision is developed. The experiment shows that this system is reliable and efficient. 相似文献
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0 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
机械工程学报 《机械工程学报(英文版)》1999,12(4):2
0 INTRODUCTIONFreeformsurfacesarewidelyusedinautomobile,airplaneandhouseholdappliance,theirqualityindesignandmanufacturinghasgreatinfluencetotheperformanceofproduct.However,itisdifficultthatthefreeformsurfacehavingthecomplicatedandsophisticatedshap… 相似文献
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基于NURBS直纹面拟合敏感点的空间凸轮侧铣刀轨算法优化原理,提出了拟合误差敏感点的选择方法,根据NURBS曲面重构的原理,将曲面曲率最值点和拟合误差最大点定义为理论加工刀轨曲面误差敏感点。利用曲率敏感点,在理论非等径刀轨曲面规划离散网格,得到初始数据点。通过最小二乘优化方法重构NURBS刀轨直纹面,再根据误差敏感点定义的等参数曲线来调整刀轨直纹面形状。构建了理论加工误差模型,并通过实例的仿真计算和数值模拟说明了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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基于结构光的微细管孔内表面三维重建 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了一种适于空间曲线型微细管孔内表面三维重建的系统。该系统主要由管道机器人、形貌检测器和曲率检测器等部分组成。形貌检测器在管道机器人的带动下潜入管孔内部进行内壁截面图像采集,曲率检测器负责测量管孔中心轴线在检测器采样位置处的局部几何性质。对管道内壁截面图像进行适当的处理,结合形貌传感器的标定参数和结构参数,可以计算出在检测器局部坐标系下的管道截面三维轮廓;同时,根据传感器采样位置处的管道中轴线局部几何性质、管道机器人的前进步长,建立局部坐标系与全局坐标系的关系,从而将被测全部截面的局部坐标转化为全局坐标,实现管道内表面的三维重建。实验结果表明,利用该技术检测的管道内表面三维形貌与实际情况是一致的。 相似文献
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Free-form surfaces have been widely used in aerospace, automotive and other fields. Due to its complex geometry, free-form surface inspection is generally conducted by touch-trigger or measuring probe-based Coordinate Measurement Machines or On-machine Measurement. Sampling strategy plays a decisive role in improving both measurement accuracy and efficiency, which is determined by sample size and distribution of sample points. However, it is difficult to simultaneously take the surface curvature, sampling density and approximation error into account, considering the complexity of surface geometry. In this paper, triangle mesh simplification is innovatively adopted in sampling planning to achieve multi-geometric constraints. As triangle mesh has outstanding advantages in representing the surface features, strong stability and is easy to modify its structure, free-form surface is converted to a dense triangle mesh. Triangle mesh simplification is implemented by iteratively contracting triangle edges. An improved quadric error metric is established to decide contraction order and optimal target vertices under discrete curvature constraint. Sampling density is controlled by limiting the triangle edge length. Detailed adaptive sampling algorithm under multi-geometric constraints is then developed. Both simulation and experiment are conducted to validate feasibility and robustness of the proposed method. The results are compared with uniform sampling and existing adaptive sampling strategy to show that the proposed method can prominently reduce sampling error when sample size is small. 相似文献
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Optical scanning instruments require sampling and reconstruction with high accuracy and low computational cost. T-splines have recently been developed that allow significant reductions in the number of control parameters by overcoming some of the topological constraints of B-splines and NURBS. As a subset of T-splines, analysis-suitable T-splines (ASTS) show promise due to the linear independence and partition of unity of their basis functions. In this paper, a computationally efficient ASTS fitting algorithm for freeform surface reconstruction is proposed. This algorithm starts with adaptive construction of an initial analysis-suitable T-mesh according to the distribution of high-curvature feature points. A local refinement and local optimisation algorithm of the analysis-suitable T-mesh is then iteratively performed until a preset accuracy condition is satisfied. Our experimental results show that the proposed ASTS fitting can produce over 50% root-mean-square reconstruction error reduction compared to NURBS fitting, with the same number of control parameters. The computing efficiency of the proposed algorithm is equivalent to or higher than that for simple T-spline fitting. Fast derivative analysis of the ASTS has also been carried out, where two automatic intelligent sampling design methods have been developed, namely element area sampling and element curvature sampling. Up to 50% reconstruction error reduction is observed when compared to uniform and statistically optimised sampling designs. With the novel reconstruction and compatible intelligent sampling design techniques, freeform surface measurement accuracy and efficiency could be effectively improved using coordinate measuring machines. 相似文献
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以激光-机器视觉测量方式得到的曲面数据云为基础,探讨基于给定精度的曲面密集散乱数据点群的数据压缩以及几何建模方法。其中,根据激光测量方式和三维点群分布的特点,提出一种在给定采样精度基于曲率的曲面自适应采样的方法;通过激光扫描曲线间的采样点匹配为进一步数据压缩提供依据;并由度量曲面的初步网格点阵对测量点逼近程度好坏来进一步完成对曲面模型的修正。通过实例验证这种方法的可行性。 相似文献
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在反求工程中,从样件表面采集得到的通常是数量非常庞大的点云数据,严重影响了曲面重建算法的效率;另外,基于四边域曲面的重建算法通常要求型值点数据呈拓扑矩形排列,而采样得到的散乱点云通常不满足这一拓扑要求。文中提出了一种新的数据压缩技术路线,用于把海量散乱点云数据合理地压缩到四边域曲面重建所要求的数据量和拓扑形式。该方法的核心是B样条曲线的拟合和采样。为使采样点更好地反映原始模型的外形特征,给出了一种基于曲率的自由曲线自适应采样算法。应用实例表明本文提出的方法达到了预期的效果。 相似文献
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针对目前弧面凸轮加工存在拟合精度与数据传输之间的矛盾,以及线性拟合破坏轮廓表面光顺性等问题,提出了一种基于数据采样的弧面凸轮自适应直接插补算法。该算法既能保证加工过程大部分时间内进给速度的恒定,而且能在曲率变化大的地方对进给速度进行自适应调整,以保证弓高误差不超出最大允许值。同时定义了相应的弧面凸轮自适应直接插补指令格式。最后基于UG开发了弧面凸轮自适应直接插补实体仿真系统,通过插补仿真实例进一步验证了该插补算法的正确性。该方法有效弥补了目前弧面凸轮线性拟合加工的缺陷,不仅能提高弧面凸轮加工过程中系统的稳定性和表面加工质量,而且使弧面分度凸轮机构定位精度和使用寿命提高,从而促进其推广和应用。 相似文献