基于OMNeT＋＋的AODV—UU、DSR—UU和DYMOUM路由协议性能仿真与分析

针对被动式单播路由协议AODV—UU、DSR-UU和DYMOUM,使用OMNeT＋＋（Obective Modular Network Testbedin C＋＋）仿真软件,选取分组投递率、平均端到端时延和路由发现频率3个指标对AODV—UU、DSR．UU和DYMOUM路由协议进行了性能仿真,通过改变节点数目和节点移动速度分析比较了这些参数对3个协议性能的影响,仿真结果表明：DYMOUM协议在平均端到端时延和路由发现频率上优于AODV—UU和DSR-UU,但在分组投递率上低于AODV—UU和DSR—UU．最后提出了对DYMOUM协议的改进．     

基于NS2的移动Ad Hoc网络路由协议的仿真与改进

本文介绍移动Ad Hoc网络的发展、特征与关键技术和应用领域,对移动AdHoc网络的表驱动路由协议DSDV和源发性按需式路由协议DSR、AODV进行深入的分析和比较,并基于Network Simulator（NS2）平台对以上三种路由协议进行仿真分析,对路由协议的网络性能指标（数据包成功接收率、端到端平均时延和路由负荷）进行了实验分析。本文通过修改AODV相应参数,得到改进协议AODV_Improvement。在实验设定的场景中,AODV_Improvement的数据包成功接收率、端到端平均时延和路由负荷等网络性能指标比AODV有了较大的改善,从而具有更强的适应性。     

认知 Ad-Hoc 网络中一种基于稳定性和时延的路由协议

未来的认知 Ad-Hoc 网络中,授权用户的活动将对认知用户之间的多跳路由的稳定性造成很大影响,为了保证认知用户之间路由的稳定性并降低路由的端到端时延,提出了一种基于稳定性和时延的路由协议。该协议引入稳定性因子,只有满足了稳定性约束条件的路由才可以作为候选路由,然后将传输时延作为度量对候选路由进行筛选。通过一个简单拓扑模型验证了该路由选择策略的优越性;并针对认知无线 Ad-Hoc 网络的网络环境,分析了其时延和稳定性的模型,在此基础上结合传统 AODV（Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing）路由协议,实现了提出的综合信道和路径选择策略。仿真结果表明：提出的路由协议无论在不同的源、目的节点距离,还是在不同的授权用户活跃程度下都具有更好的稳定性和端到端时延表现。     

基于蚁群算法改进的 AODV 路由协议研究

AODV协议是Ad hoc无线自组网中经典路由协议之一;针对AODV协议的缺点,提出一种基于蚁群算法改进的AODV路由协议;结合蚁群算法与Ad Hoc网络的特点,将蚁群算法应用于AODV协议,考虑节点负载、路径跳数、路径时延等因素,对AODV的路由组建和路由维护策略进行改进;通过在NS2平台中设置不同的网络负载和不同的节点移动速度,对改进后的AODV协议进行模拟,仿真结果表明,该路由协议在分组投递率、平均端到端延时和归一化路由开销等性能上比AODV协议具有一定的优势,网络的健壮性和抗毁性得到增强.     

Ad Hoc网络中一种针对黑洞攻击的研究

针对被黑洞攻击后网络中的包投递率降低和平均端到端时延增大等问题,提出基于信用机制的AODV路由协议改进协议,即在AODV路由协议的路由寻找过程中增加判断节点信用值的环节,源节点根据发送信息的节点的信用值来决定使用该条路由与否。实验结果表明,改进后AODV路由协议的包投递率和平均端到端时延都有所改善。     

一种改进的移动自组网AODV路由协议

端到端的服务质量(QoS)问题是Ad Hoc网络当前面临的挑战之一。本文提出了一种改进的AODV路由协议IAODV。IAODV在原始AODV的基础上增加了资源预留、最小开销路由、后备路径机制,提高了网络中QoS路由建立的概率、延长了整个网络的寿命、减小数据传输中平均端到端延时。仿真结果表明该协议优于原始的AODV路由协议。     

基于跨层设计AODV的QoS扩展和仿真实现

为了提高无线网络信道资源的利用率,采用测量MAC层信道空闲率估算节点剩余带宽,跨层访问剩余带宽的方法,实现AODV协议的QoS扩展（CLQ-AODV）,并在NS2上仿真实现。仿真结果表明,CLQ-AODV协议的分组端到端平均时延和平均路由开销有所减少,分组投递率获得提高。     

一种AODV路由协议端到端认证方案

在分析AODV路由发现机制安全性的基础上,提出使用不对称加密机制保护AODV的路由发现信息,实现有效的端到端路由认证,以弥补AODV协议安全性的不足.     

基于NS2的Ad-Hoc网络路由协议仿真与分析

介绍了移动Ad-Hoc网络及其仿真模拟器NS2,对四种典型的路由协议进行了仿真和分析。阐述了DSR、AODV、DSDV、OLSR四种路由协议内容及区别。介绍了模拟软件NS2的相关内容,在同一场景不同停留时间下,分别对以上4个路由协议仿真进行了分组投递率、平均端到端延时的分析。仿真结果表明,DSR、AODV协议的分组转发率高于DSDV、OLSR;而平均端到端延时则低于DSDV和OLSR。     

基于NS2的Ad-Hoc网络路由协议仿真与分析

介绍了移动Ad-Hoc网络及其仿真模拟器NS2,对四种典型的路由协议进行了仿真和分析.阐述了DSR、AODV、DSDV、OLSR四种路由协议内容及区别.介绍了模拟软件NS2的相关内容,在同一场景不同停留时间下,分别对以上4个路由协议仿真进行了分组投递率、平均端到端延时的分析.仿真结果表明,DSR、AODV协议的分组转发率高于DSDV、OLSR;而平均端到端延时则低于DSDV和OLSR.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.