湿粉末法制备TaC涂层

本文通过在石墨基体涂覆前驱体料浆,在高温下烧结后得到TaC涂层。通过XRD和SEM对涂层形貌与结构进行表征,TaC涂层由平均尺寸为12μm的致密颗粒组成。涂层晶粒生长方式为自由取向生长,这种生长模式使得裂纹在扩展时会被钉扎在晶界连接处,而不会贯穿整个涂层。TaC涂层的硬度和弹性模量分别为15.35GPa 和 195.1GPa。     

PCrNi3Mo钢表面磁控溅射CrN涂层工艺优化及性能

采用磁控溅射技术在PCrNi3Mo钢表面沉积了CrN涂层。利用激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对涂层的形貌、硬度与弹性模量和相结构进行了表征,研究了基体负偏压、溅射电流和N2/Ar流量比对溅射涂层结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在基体负偏压为100 V、溅射电流为0.2 A、N2/Ar流量比为1时溅射的CrN涂层质量最佳,其硬度和弹性模量分别为21.38 GPa和272.71 GPa,较PCrNi3Mo钢基体的硬度(5.57 GPa)与弹性模量(258 GPa)明显提高。     

石墨表面化学气相沉积SiC及C涂层的制备

以C3H8和CH3SiCl3（MTS）为先驱体原料,用化学气相沉积法在石墨基体表面分别制备了C涂层、SiC涂层。采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜分析了两种涂层的成分和表面微观形貌,研究了温度和气体流量对涂层微观形貌的影响。结果表明,当C3H8＋N2流量为140 L/h,沉积温度为1300℃时,石墨基体表面可获得致密度较高的C涂层,而且涂层比较平整、均匀,而流量为160 L/h时涂层比较粗糙。当MTS＋H2流量为60 L/h、沉积温度1100℃时在石墨基体表面可以形成致密的SiC涂层,1300℃时生长的SiC晶体形貌发生改变,涂层厚度增加,表面有较多圆形凸起。当MTS-H2气体流量增大可使SiC涂层晶粒尺寸增大,但大流量易产生涂层剥落。采用C和SiC共沉积涂层作过渡层,涂层与石墨基体界面结合增强;SiC涂层与石墨基体之间存在厚度较大的过渡区域,过渡区域平均厚度约2μm。     

TaC-Ag涂层的结构和摩擦学性能

为了揭示银对TaC涂层结构和摩擦学性能的影响,采用磁控溅射技术在Ti-6Al-4V钛合金表面制备了TaC和TaC-Ag涂层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜及纳米压痕仪等检测了涂层的结构、表面和截面形貌及硬度;通过高温摩擦磨损试验检测了涂层的高温摩擦学性能。结果表明:TaC涂层为柱状晶结构,择优取向为TaC(111),厚度为3.7μm;TaC-Ag涂层的结构和择优取向与TaC涂层相同,厚度为4.0μm; TaC和TaC-Ag涂层的硬度分别为32和27 GPa,弹性模量分别为416和327 GPa,TaC-Ag涂层的磨损率小于TaC涂层;在650℃,TaC-Ag涂层的摩擦因数较小为0.25,银的加入提高了TaC涂层的抗弹性变形性能和耐磨性。     

基底偏压对电弧离子镀制备AlCrVN涂层微结构及力学性能的影响

目的 研究基底偏压对AlCrVN涂层微结构及力学性能的影响。方法 采用电弧离子镀技术,使用合金靶AlCrV,纯N₂作为引弧介质和氮源,在不同的基底偏压下制备AlCrVN涂层,对AlCrVN涂层的物相结构、微观形貌、硬度、摩擦因数及磨损率进行测试分析,作为对比制备了AlCrN涂层。结果 AlCrVN涂层为柱状晶结构,由面心立方CrN为基础的(CrV)N置换固溶体相和Cr₂N六方相2种晶相组成,随着基底偏压的增大,涂层衍射峰强度及位置变化不明显;涂层表面的大颗粒数量减少,凹坑增多;涂层硬度由50V时的22 GPa增大到150 V时的24.2 GPa,200 V时硬度值减小到22 GPa;摩擦因数由0.42增大到0.71;磨损率由6.4×10^-7 mm³/(N·m)逐渐增大到13.2×10^-7 mm³/(N·m)。结论 基底偏压对AlCrVN涂层性能影响较大,低偏压(50V)时,涂层的摩擦因数、磨损率最低,耐磨性能最好。含V元素的AlCrVN涂层的力学和摩擦学性...     

热震对包覆ZrB2-SiC-La2O3/SiC涂层渗硅石墨力学性能的影响

采用涂刷法和包埋法在渗硅石墨基体表面制备了双层结构的ZrB₂-SiC-La₂O₃/SiC防护涂层,与表面无包覆涂层的渗硅石墨作对比,采用三点弯曲实验方法研究了热震对其力学性能的影响。结果表明,1500℃到室温之间循环热震10次后,表面无包覆涂层的样品单位面积氧化失重为52.1 mg/cm²,弯曲强度保持率仅为52.0%;而包覆涂层样品单位面积氧化增重为5.6 mg/cm²,弯曲强度保持率达78.5%,包覆ZrB2-SiC-La2O3/SiC涂层的样品热震后能保持良好的力学性能。在热震过程中ZrB₂-SiC-La₂O₃/SiC涂层氧化生成的氧化层可有效地保护石墨基体不被氧化,避免了样品内部各种缺陷的产生,从而提高了其弯曲强度。     

医用钢316L表面制备TiC/Ni涂层的反应喷涂锻造工艺

为使粉末反应喷涂技术实用化,提出并研究了反应喷涂锻造工艺。将Ti、C粉按化学计量配制,并加入少量Ni,混合后压成棒材作为喷涂材料。以铝包镍为过渡层,采用陶瓷棒喷枪,进行氧乙炔火焰反应喷涂锻造工艺试验,在316L钢板表面制备了TiC/Ni金属陶瓷涂层。工艺参数为:基体预热温度300~400℃,乙炔压力0.12~0.13MPa,乙炔流量0.7~0.8m3/h,氧气压力0.4~0.5MPa,氧气流量1.3~1.4m3/h,空气压力0.4~0.8MPa,喷涂角度90°,喷涂距离100~150mm。涂层经锻造气孔减小,与基体结合紧密,耐磨性能提高。实测锻造涂层的弹性模量147.79GPa,基体弹性模量202.99GPa。锻造试样涂层在不同载荷下的维氏硬度为541HV0.1、542HV0.2、499HV0.5,能够满足作为植入件的硬度要求。     

C/C复合材料表面TaC涂层的制备和生成机制

报道了一种在C/C复合材料基体上制各抗烧蚀TaC涂层的新方法.采用红外光谱、XRD及SEM表征了生成TaC涂层的Ta源:TaO2F·rH2O·TaF5.采用SEM观察了不同温度下转变生成的TaC涂层的形貌.在1200℃高温热处理,TaC涂层形貌为细颗粒状,在1800℃高温热处理后,TaC涂层为柱状晶.TaC的生成机制为:TaO2F·rH2O·TaF5高温分解凝聚生成的Ta2O5沉积在C/C复合材料基体表面,碳原子在Ta2O5中扩散反应生成TaC,TaC涂层形貌可由生成Ta2O5的凝聚成核理论解释.     

低温热处理对铁素体基体球墨铸铁组织和性能的影响

对铁素体基体球墨铸铁进行770℃低温热处理,分别保温0.5、1、2、3和4 h,对试样进行了组织分析和力学性能测试,研究了保温时间对球墨铸铁组织和性能的影响。结果表明,保温时间1 h,基体组织中出现极少量的珠光体,同时石墨球化程度得到改善,试样的硬度和强度有所提高;保温时间2 h以上时,随着保温时间的延长,石墨球及基体组织的脱碳程度加剧,并且晶粒有粗化的倾向,硬度和强度降低。     

Y2O3对原位自生TiC增强Ni基涂层组织和性能影响

采用氩弧熔覆的方法,以Ni60A自熔性合金粉末为粘结相,添加Ti粉、C粉和不同含量的稀土氧化物Y₂O₃,在16Mn钢基体上制备出TiC陶瓷颗粒增强金属基熔覆涂层. 运用XRD, SEM等手段对复合涂层的显微组织进行表征和分析,并对熔覆涂层的硬度及耐磨性进行了测试. 结果表明,适量添加Y₂O₃可以使涂层组织中枝晶的方向性减弱、同时细化涂层组织,使涂层组织更加均匀,涂层的硬度和耐磨性有显著提高. 添加2% Y₂O₃熔覆涂层的组织为最细,涂层具有较高的显微硬度和良好的耐磨性能.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。